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Individuelle Prädisposition und Konditionierungsphänomene bei der Entwicklung von Abhängigkeit

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Biologische Psychiatrie

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Zusammenfassung

Bei der Entwicklung von Abhängigkeit ist für die Klinik die Unterscheidung einer körperlichen und psychischen Abhängigkeit entsprechend den Kriterien der Weltgesundheitsorganisation von großer Bedeutung. Unter der körperlichen Abhängigkeit versteht man im wesentlichen die körperlichen Adaptationsmechanismen eines Organismus (des Herz-Kreislauf-Systems oder des Verdauungsapparates usw.) mit Dosissteigerung an eine Substanz und das Auftreten von Gewöhnung. Dagegen versteht man unter der psychischen Abhängigkeit die eigentliche Sucht, d. h. das unstillbare Verlangen nach einer Substanz ohne Dosissteigerung, unabhängig von einer körperlichen Abhängigkeit. Körperliche Entzugsbehandlungen sind in der Klinik in relativ kurzer Zeit durchzuführen, wohingegen in der Regel die lang andauernde psychische Abhängigkeit das äußerst schwierige Problem darstellt und die hohe Rückfallrate Süchtiger bewirkt. Das große Problem für unsere Gesellschaft und entsprechend in unseren Kliniken stellt daher die psychische Abhängigkeit, die Sucht, dar. Aus diesem Grund wird hier im wesentlichen auf Untersuchungen eingegangen, die für die Entwicklung einer psychischen Abhängigkeit von Interesse zu sein scheinen.

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Authors
  1. U. Havemann-Reinecke
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Psychiatrische Klinik und Poliklinik, Freien Universität Berlin, Eschenallee 3, D-1000, Berlin 19, Deutschland

    Wolfgang Gaebel (Oberarzt) (Oberarzt)

  2. Psychiatrische Klinik der Universität, Füchsleinstraße 15, D-8700, Würzburg, Deutschland

    Gerd Laux (Oberarzt) (Oberarzt)

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© 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Havemann-Reinecke, U. (1992). Individuelle Prädisposition und Konditionierungsphänomene bei der Entwicklung von Abhängigkeit. In: Gaebel, W., Laux, G. (eds) Biologische Psychiatrie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77086-9_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77086-9_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-54784-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-77086-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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