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Membrane Transport in Biology pp 166–232Cite as

Amiloride-Sensitive Na+ Transport Mechanisms

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Part of the book series: Membrane Transport in Biology ((MEMBRANE,volume 5))

Abstract

The major extracellular cation in animals is Na+. Although intracellular ionic composition varies depending upon cell type and origin, in general the major intracellular fluid cations are K+ and Mg2+, with Na+ kept at relatively low levels. The maintenance of these differences in ionic activities across cell membranes results from active accumulation and extrusion of specific ions, as well as from the selective permeability characteristics of the membranes themselves. In addition, the interior of most animal cells is electrically negative with respect to the bathing medium. Thus, Na+ diffuses from the extracellular fluid, where its electrochemical potential is high, into cells, where there is a much lower Na+ electrochemical potential energy state. This tendency for net cellular accumulation is opposed by the actions of the (Na+ + K+)-activated ATPase pump.

This research was supported by NIH grants DK37206, DK19407, DK39256, and DK39258. Research support is also acknowledged from the Veterans Administration Research Service (D. G. W.), a Research Career Development Award HL01671 (J. B. S.) from the National Institutes of Health, and a grant-in-aid from the American Heart Association with funds contributed by the American Heart Association Central Florida Region (J. B. S.).

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA

    James A. Schafer Ph. D.

  2. Institute of Biological Chemistry A, August Krogh Institute, 13, Universitetsparken, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Poul Christensen Ph. D.

  3. Institute of Biological Chemistry A, University of Copenhagen, 13, Universitetsparken, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Hans H. Ussing (Dr. phil., med. and scient.) (Dr. phil., med. and scient.)

  4. Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA

    Gerhard H. Giebisch M. D.

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© 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Benos, D.J., Warnock, D.G., Smith, J.B. (1992). Amiloride-Sensitive Na+ Transport Mechanisms. In: Schafer, J.A., Christensen, P., Ussing, H.H., Giebisch, G.H. (eds) Membrane Transport in Biology. Membrane Transport in Biology, vol 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76983-2_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76983-2_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-76985-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-76983-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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