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Transport of Amino Acids

  • Chapter
Physiology and Pharmacology of the Blood-Brain Barrier

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 103))

Abstract

Transport of amino acids is very important for brain function as some of them are the precursors of neurotransmitters (serotonin, catecholamines, histamine) and of small polypeptides, and they participate in protein synthesis which is very active in some areas of the brain. The physiology of the endothelial cells responsible of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has been compared to that of an epithelium (Betz and Goldstein 1978; Bradbury 1984; Fenstermacher and Rapoport 1984; Crone 1985). This means that the transport systems at the luminal membrane may be different to those at the abluminal membrane.

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Abbreviations

AIB:

α-amino-isobutyric acid

AMPc:

cyclic adenosine Monophosphate

ASC:

alanine, serine, cysteine

ATP:

adenosine triphosphate

BBB:

blood-brain barrier

BCAA:

branched chain amino acids

BCH:

2-aminobicyclo-2,2,1-heptane-2-carboxylic acid

BUI:

brain uptake index

CBF:

cerebral blood flow

CSF:

cerebrospinal fluid

DOPA:

dihydroxyphenylalanine

GABA:

γ-aminobutyric acid

γ-GT:

γglutamyltranspeptidase

HTP:

hydroxytryptophan

LNAA:

large neutral amino acids

MeAIB:

methyl-α-aminoisobutyric acid

PCA:

portacaval anastomosis

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  1. J.-M. Lefauconnier
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  1. Physiology Group Biomedical Sciences Division King’s College London, University of London, Strand, WC2R 2LS, London, Great Britain

    Michael W. B. Bradbury M.A., D.M. (Oxon)

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Lefauconnier, JM. (1992). Transport of Amino Acids. In: Bradbury, M.W.B. (eds) Physiology and Pharmacology of the Blood-Brain Barrier. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 103. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76894-1_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76894-1_5

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