Abstract
In formal genetics alternative phenotypic differences between different genotypes are analyzed, and it is assumed that there is a direct relationship between a particular genotype and the corresponding phenotypic trait. In many cases no such simple direct correlation is found. In the branch of genetics known as phenolgenetics, the expression of genes is analyzed in order to gain more information about how genes produce their phenotypic effects. Ultimately gene-effect relationships should be described in terms of chemical reactions, but before this can be done, the structural or functional traits to be studied must be investigated and characterized by classical genetic methods. When experiments are designed to investigate the effects of genotype and environment on the expression of particular genes, the results show that genes do not usually function independently of each other and of the environment but represent a complex gene-effect network.
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Graf, U., van Schaik, N., Würgler, F.E. (1992). Phenogenetics. In: Drosophila Genetics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76805-7_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76805-7_4
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