Abstract
This review attempts to provide a simple introduction to the measurement of cool-star magnetic fields for the non-specialist. After a short historical overview the basics underlying the measurement of magnetic fields on cool stars are briefly introduced. The special role played by the sun in the study of stellar magnetism is pointed out and illustrated with the help of two examples. Stellar measurements in circularly polarized light are discussed. The Robinson technique for the measurement of stellar fields in unpolarized light is described and the problems associated with it, as well as possible solutions to them, are sketched out. Some trends resulting from the sum of the magnetic field detections on cool stars are discussed. A well observed star, ∈ Eri, is then considered in greater detail. The main conclusions of the talk are summarized.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Babcock, H.W.: 1947, Astrophys. J. 105, 105
Babcock, H.W.: 1958, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 3, 141
Babcock, H.W., Babcock, H.D.: 1952, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 64, 282
Basco, M.M., Sunyaev, R.A.: 1975, Astron. Astrophys. 42, 311
Basri, G., Marcy, G.W.: 1988, Astrophys. J. 330, 274
Basri, G., Marcy, G.W.: 1990, in The Sun and Cool Stars: Activity, Magnetism, Dynamos, Helsinki, July 17–21, 1990., IAU Coli. 130, in press
Basri, G., Marcy, G.W., Valenti, J.A.: 1990, Astrophys. J. 360, 650
Basri, G, Wilcotts, E., Stout, N.: 1990, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 101, 528
Boesgaard, A.M.: 1974, Astrophys. J. 188, 567
Boesgaard, A.M., Chesley, D., Preston, G.W.: 1975, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 87, 353
Bonsack, W.K., Simon, T.: 1983, in Solar and Stellar Magnetic Fields: Origins and Coronal Effects, J.O. Stenflo (Ed.), IAU Symp. 102, 35
Bopp, B.W., Saar, S.H., Ambruster, C., Feldman, P., Dempsey, R., Allen, M., Barden, S.P.: 1989, Astrophys. J. 339, 1059
Borra, E.F., Edwards, G., Mayor, M.: 1984, Astrophys. J. 284, 211
Brown, D.N., Landstreet, J.D.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 246, 899
Bünte, M., Steiner, O., Solanki, S.K.: 1990, in Solar Polarimetry, L. November (ed.), Proc. 11th Sacramento Peak Workshop, National Solar Obs., Sunspot, NM.
Deutsch, A.J.: 1970, Astrophys. J. 159, 985
Donati, J.-F., Semel, M., Rees, D.E., Taylor, K., Robinson, R.D.: 1990, Astron. Astrophys. 232, L1
Donati, J.-F., Semel, M., Praderie, F.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 225, 467
Elias, N.N., Dorren, J.D.: 1990, Astron. J. 100, 818
Giampapa, M.S., Golub, L., Worden, S.P.: 1983, Astrophys. J. 268, L121
Gnedin, Yu.N., Sunyaev, R.A.: 1974, Astron. Astrophys. 36, 379
Gondoin, P., Giampapa, M.S., Bookbinder, J.A.: 1985, Astrophys. J. 297, 710
Gray, D.F.: 1984, Astrophys. J. 277, 640
Gray, D.F.: 1985, Publ Astron. Soc. Pacific 97, 719
Gray, D.F.: 1988, Lectures on Spectral-Line Analysis: F, G and K Stars, The Publisher, Arva
Grossmann-Doerth, U., Knölker, M., Schüssler, M., Weisshaar, E.: 1989a, in Solar and Stellar Granulation, R.J. Rutten and G. Severino (Eds.), Reidel, Dordrecht, 481
Grossmann-Doerth, U., Schüssler, M., Solanki, S.K.: 1988, Astron. Astrophys. Letters 206, L37
Grossmann-Doerth, U., Schüssler, M., Solanki, S.K.: 1989b, Astron. Astrophys. 221, 338
Grossmann-Doerth, U., Solanki, S.K.: 1990, Astron. Astrophys. 238, 279
Güdel, M., Benz, A.O.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 211, L5
Hale, G.E.: 1908, Astrophys. J. 28, 315
Hale, G.E.: 1922, Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 82, 168
Hartmann, L.: 1987, in Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, V., J.L. Linsky, R.E. Stencel (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Physics Vol. 291, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p. 1
Holweger, H.: 1988, in The Impact of Very High S/N Spectroscopy on Stellar Physics, G. Cayrel de Strobel, M. Spite (eds.), Kluwer, Dordrecht, IAU Symp. 132, 411
Huendemoerder, D.P., Ramsey, L.W.: 1987, Astrophys. J. 319, 392
Kemp, J.C.: 1970, Astrophys. J. 162, 169
Kemp, J.C., Henson, G.D., Kraus, D.J., Dunaway, M.H., Hall, D.S., Boyd, L.J., Genet, R.M., Guinan, E.F., Wacker, S.W., McCook, G.P.: 1987b, Astrophys. J. 317, L29
Kemp, J.C., Henson, G.D., Steiner, C.T., Powell, E.R.: 1987a, Nature 326, 270
Kemp, J.C., Swedlund, J.B., Landstreet, J.D., Angel, J.R.P.: 1970, Astrophys. J. 161, L77
Kiepenheuer, K.O.: 1953, Astrophys. J. 117, 447
Knölker, M., Grossmann-Doerth, U., Schüssler, M., Weisshaar, E.: 1990, Adv. Space Res. in press.
Kurucz, R.L., Hartmann, L.: 1984, SAO Preprint, No. 2015
Linsky, J.L.: 1985, Solar Phys. 100, 333
Maxcy, G.W.: 1983, in Solar and Stellar Magnetic Fields: Origins and Coronal Effects, J.O. Stenflo (Ed.), IAU Symp. 102, 3
Marcy, G.W.: 1984, Astrophys. J. 276, 286
Marcy, G.W., Basri,G.: 1989, Astrophys. J. 345, 480
Marcy, G.W., Brüning, D.H.: 1984, Astrophys. J. 281, 286
Martin, S.F.: 1990, in Solar Photosphere: Structure, Convection and Magnetic Fields, J.O. Stenflo (Ed.), Kluwer, Dordrecht, IAU Symp. 138, 129
Mathys, G.: 1989, Fundam. Cosmic Phys. 168, 184
Mathys, G., Lanz, T.: 1990, Astron. Astrophys. 230, L21
Mathys, G., Solanki, S.K.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 208, 189
Mürset, U., Solanki, S.K., Stenflo, J.O.: 1988, Astron. Astrophys. 204, 279
Nordlund, Ä.: 1986, in Proc. Workshop on Small Magnetic Flux Concentrations in the Solar Photosphere, W. Deinzer, M. Knölker, H.H. Voigt (Eds.), Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, p. 83
Pallavicini, R.: 1987, in Activity in Cool Star Envelopes, O. Havnes et al. (Eds.), Reidel, Dordrecht, p. 25
Ramsey, L.W., Nations, H.L.: 1980, Astrophys. J. 239, L121
Rípodas, P., Collados, M., Garciá López, R., Sánchez Almeida, J.: 1990, in The Sun and Cool Stars: Activity, Magnetism, Dynamos, Helsinki, July 17–21, 1990,, IAU Coll. 130, in press
Robinson, R.D.: 1980, Astrophys. J. 239, 961
Robinson, R.D.: 1986, Highlights of Astronomy, 7, 417
Robinson, R.D., Worden, S.P., Harvey, J.W.: 1980, Astrophys. J. 236, L155
Russell, C.T., Priest,, E.R., Lee, L.C.: 1990, (eds.) Physics of Magnetic Flux Ropes, Geophysical Monograph 58, American Geophysical Union Washington DC
Saar, S.H.: 1987a, in Cool Stars, Stellar Systems and the Sun. V. J.L. Linsky, R.E. Stencel (eds.), Springer, New York, p. 10
Saar, S.H.: 1987b, Ph.D. Thesis, JILA, Boulder, CO
Saar, S.H.: 1988a, Astrophys. J. 324, 441
Saar, S.H.: 1988b, in The Impact of Very High S/N Spectroscopy on Stellar Physics, G. Cayrel de Strobel, M. Spite (eds.), Kluwer, Dordrecht, IAU Symp. 132, 295
Saar, S.H.: 1990, in Solar Photosphere: Structure, Convection and Magnetic Fields, J.O. Stenflo (Ed.), Kluwer, Dordrecht, IAU Symp. 138, 427
Saar, S.H., Huovelin, J., Giampapa, M.S., Linsky, J.L., Jordan, C.: 1987, in Activity in Cool Star Envelopes, O. Havnes et al. (Eds.), Reidel, Dordrecht, p. 45
Saar, S.H., Linsky, J.L.: 1985, Astrophys. J. 299, L47
Saar, S.H., Linsky, J.L., Beckers, J.M.: 1986, Astrophys. J. 302, 777
Saar, S.H., Linsky, J.L., Duncan, D.K.: 1986, in Cool Stars, Stellar Systems and the Sun. IV. M. Zeilik, D.M. Gibson (eds.), Springer, New York, p. 275
Saar, S.H., Linsky, J.L., Giampapa, M.S.: 1987, in Observational Astrophysics with High Precision Data, Proc. Liège Colloq. No. 27, Inst. D’Astrophys., Cointe-Ougrée, p. 103
Sánchez Almeida, J., García López, R.: 1990, in The Sun and Cool Stars: Activity, Magnetism, Dynamos, Helsinki, July 17–21, 1990,, IAU Coll. 130, in press
Schüssler, M.: 1986, in Small Scale Magnetic Flux Concentrations in the Solar Photosphere, W. Deinzer, M. Knölker, H.H. Voigt (Eds.), Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, p. 103
Schüssler, M.: 1987, in The Role of Fine-Scale Magnetic Fields on the Structure of the Solar Atmosphere, E.-H. Schröter, M. Vázquez, A.A. Wyller ( Eds. ), Cambridge University Press, p. 223
Schüssler, M.: 1990, in Solar Photosphere: Structure, Convection and Magnetic Fields, J.O. Stenflo (Ed.), Kluwer, Dordrecht, IAU Symp. 138, 161
Schüssler, M., Solanki, S.K.: 1988, Astron. Astrophys. 192, 338
Semel, M.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 225, 456
Skumanich, A., Lites, B.W.: 1987, Astrophys. J. 322, 483
Solanki, S.K.: 1987a, in The Role of Fine-Scale Magnetic Fields on the Structure of the Solar Atmosphere, E.-H. Schröter, M. Vázquez, A.A. Wyller ( Eds. ), Cambridge University Press, p. 67
Solanki, S.K.: 1987b, in Proc. Tenth European Regional Astronomy Meeting of the IAU. Vol. 1: The Sun, L. Hejna, M. Sobotka (Eds.), Publ. Astron. Inst. Czechoslovak Acad. Sci., p. 95
Solanki, S.K.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 224, 225
Solanki, S.K.: 1990, in Solar Photosphere: Structure, Convection and Magnetic Fields, J.O Stenflo (Ed.), IAU Symp. 138, 103
Solanki, S.K., Mathys, G.: 1987, in Activity in Cool Star Envelopes, O. Havnes et al. (Eds.), Reidel, Dordrecht, p. 39
Spruit, H.C.: 1981, in The Sun as a Star, S. Jordan (Ed.) NASA SP-450, p. 385
Spruit, H.C.: 1983, in Solar and Stellar Magnetic Fields: Origins and Coronal Effects, J.O. Stenflo (Ed.), IAU Symp. 102, 41
Spruit, H.C. and Roberts, B.: 1983, Nature, 304, 401
Spruit, H.C., Schüssler, M., Solanki, S.K.: 1990, in Solar Interior and Atmosphere, A.N. Cox, W. Livingston, M.S. Matthews (Eds.), in press (1989).
Steiner, O., Stenflo, J.O.: 1990, in Solar Photosphere: Structure, Convection and Magnetic Fields, J.O. Stenflo (Ed.), Kluwer, Dordrecht, IA U Symp. 138, 181
Stenflo, J.O.: 1973, Solar Phys. 32, 41
Stenflo, J.O.: 1984, Adv. Space Res. 4, 5
Stenflo, J.O.: 1985, Solar Phys. 100, 189
Stenflo, J.O.: 1986, in Small Scale Magnetic Flux Concentrations and the Solar Photosphere, W. Deinzer, M. Knölker, H.H. Voigt (Eds.), Vandenhoek & Ruprecht, Göttingen, p. 59
Stenflo, J.O.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. Review 1, 3
Stibbs, D.W.N.: 1950, Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 110, 395
Stix, M.: 1990, The Sun, an Introduction, Springer, Berlin
Thiessen, G.: 1952, Z. Astrophys. 30, 185
Timothy, J.G., Joseph, C.L., Linsky, J.L.: 1981, Bull. American Astron. Soc. 13, 828
Trümper, J., Pietsch, W., Reppin, C., Sacco, B., Kendziorra, E., Staubert, R.: 1977, Mitt. Astron. Gesell. 42, 120
Trümper, J., Pietsch, W., Reppin, C., Voges, W., Staubert, R., Kendziorra, E.: 1978, Astrophys. J. 219, L105
Valenti, J.A.: 1990, in The Sun and Cool Stars: Activity, Magnetism, Dynamos, Helsinki, July 17–21, 1990,, IAU Coll. 130, in press
Vogt, S.S.: 1980, Astrophys. J. 240, 567
Vogt, S.S.: 1988, in The Impact of Very High S/N Spectroscopy on Stellar Physics, G. Cayrel de Strobel, M. Spite (eds.), Kluwer, Dordrecht, IAU Symp. 132, 253
Vogt, S.S., Penrod, G.D.: 1983, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 95, 565
Zeeman, P.: 1897, Phil. Mag. 43, 226
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Solanki, S.K. (1991). Magnetic Field Measurements on Cool Stars. In: Klare, G. (eds) Reviews in Modern Astronomy. Reviews in Modern Astronomy, vol 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76750-0_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76750-0_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-76752-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-76750-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive