Abstract
Pacemaker malfunction due to adverse effects of external factors on pacemaker function were first observed during the early phase of clinical pacemaker use. Lillihey, who used external (mains-powered) pacemakers for the postoperative management of children who had undergone cardiac surgery in the 1950s, lost patients due to mains failures in the Minnesota power plants. As a result, he asked his engineer, Earl Bakken, to design the first battery-powered cardiac pacemaker. This was the initial technical step towards making the function of pacemakers less dependent on external influences.
Keywords
- Pulse Generator
- Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy
- Electromagnetic Interference
- Cardiac Pacemaker
- Pace System
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bourgeois IM (1981) Some engineering aspects of physiological pacing. In: Obel IWP (ed) Physiological pacing. Pittman Medical, Bath, pp 84–100.
Calkins H, Brinker J, Veltri EP, Guarneri T, Levine JH (1990) Clinical interactions between pacemakers and automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. J Am Coll Cardiol 16:666–673.
Hardage ML, Marbach JR, Winsor DW (1985) The pacemaker patient in the therapeutic and diagnostic device environment. In: Barold S (ed) Modern cardiac pacing. Futura, New York, pp 857–873.
Myers GH, Kresh YM, Parsonnet V (1978) Characteristics of intracardiac electrograms. PACE 1:90–103.
Parsonnet V, Myers GH, Kresh YM (1980) Characteristics of intracardiac electrograms II: atrial endocardial electrogram. PACE 3:406–417.
Kleinert M, Elmquist H, Strandberg H (1979) Spectral properties of atrial and ventricular endocardial signals. PACE 2:11–19.
Ohm OJ (1979) The interdependence between electrogram, total electrode impedance and pacemaker input impedance necessary to obtain adequate functioning of demand pacemakers. PACE 2:465–485.
DeCaprio V, Hurzeler P, Furman S (1977) A comparison of unipolar and bipolar electrograms for cardiac pacemaker sensing. Circulation 56:750–755.
Fetter J, Bobeldyk GL, Engman FJ (1984) The clinical incidence and significance of myopotential sensing with unipolar pacemakers. PACE 7:871–881.
Cooper D, Wilkoff B, Masterson M, Castle L, Belko K, Simmons T, Morant V, Streen S, Maloney J (1988) Effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on cardiac pacemakers and its safety in patients with implanted cardiac pacemakers. PACE 11:1607–1616.
Fetter J, Patterson D, Aram G, Hayes DL (1989) Effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on single chamber rate response and dual chamber pacemakers. PACE 12:1494–1501.
Ector H, Janssen L, Baert L, De Geest (1989) Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and cardiac arrhythmias. PACE 12:1910–1917.
Cooperman Y, Zarfati D, Laniado S (1988) The effect of metal detector gates on implanted permanent pacemakers. PACE 11:1386–1387.
Fröhlig G, Schwerdt H, Schieffer H, Bette L (1988) Atrial signal variations and pacemaker malsensing during exercise: a study in the time and frequency domain. J Am Coll Cardiol 11:806–813.
Den Dulk K, Lindemans FW, Bär FW, Wellens HJJ (1982) Pacemaker related tachycardias. PACE 5:476–485.
Den Dulk K, Lindemans FW, Wellens HJJ (1984) Management of pacemaker circus movement tachycardias. PACE 7:346–355.
Rasmussen MJ, Hayes DL, Vlietstra RE, Thorsteinson G (1988) Can transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation be safely used in patients with permanent cardiac pacemakers? Mayo Clin Proc 63:443–445.
pacemakers assessed by ambulatory holter monitoring of the electrocardiogram. PACE 3:470-478.
Levine PA (1985) Effect of cardioversion and defibrillation on implanted cardiac pacemakers. In: Barold S (ed) Modern cardiac pacing. Futura, New York, pp 875–886.
Levine PA, Baladfy GJ, Lazar HJ, Belott PH, Roberts AJ (1986) Electrocautery and pacemakers: management of the paced patient subject ot electrocautery. Am Thorac Surg 41:313–317.
Erlebacher JA, Cahill PT, Pannizzo F, Knowles RJ (1986) Effect of magnetic resonance imaging on DDD pacemakers. Am J Cardiol 57:437–440.
Fetter J, Aram G, Holmes DR, Gray JE, Hayes DL (1984) The effects of nuclear magnetic resonance imagers on external and implantable pulse generators. PACE 7:720–727.
Anderson C, Oxhoj H, Arnbo P (1990) Management of spinal cord stimulators in patients with cardiac pacemakers. PACE 13:574–577.
Salmi J, Eskola HJ, Pitkaenen MA, Malmivuo JAV (1990) The influence of electromagnetic interference and ionizing radiation on cardiac pacemakers. Strahlenther Onkol 166:153–155.
Dohrman ML, Goldschlager N (1985) Metabolic and pharmacologic effects on myocardial stimulation thresholds in patients with cardiac pacemakers. In: Barold S (ed) Modern cardiac pacing. Futura, New York, pp 161–170.
Falk RH, Knowlton AA, Battinelli NJ (1988) The effect of propanolol and verapamil on external pacing threshold: a placebo-controlled study. PACE 11:1439–1443.
Preston TA, Fletcher RD, Lucchesi BR, Judge RD (1967) Changes in myocardial threshold. Physiological and pharmacologic factors in patients with implanted pacemakers. Am Heart J 74:235–242.
Saoudi N, Berland J, Hocq R, Cave D, Cribrier A, Letac B (1987) Comparison des effets de l’ajmaline et de la procainamide dans le diagnostic du block auricolo-ventriculaire proxys-tique. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 36:13–17.
Siddons H, Sowton E (1967) Effect of drugs on stimulation thresholds. In: Siddons H, Sowton E (eds) Cardiac pacemakers. Thomas, Springfield, pp 168–169.
Zaidan JR, Curling PE, Craver JM (1985) Effect of enflurane, isoflurane and halothane on pacing stimulation thresholds in men. PACE 8:32–34.
Sutton R, Bourgeois IM (1991) Foundations of cardiac pacing: an illustrated practical guide in basic pacing, vol 1. Futura, New York
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bourgeois, I.M.G. (1992). Electromagnetic Interference and Cardiac Pacemakers. In: Atlee, J.L., Gombotz, H., Tscheliessnigg, K.H. (eds) Perioperative Management of Pacemaker Patients. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76531-5_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76531-5_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-53874-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-76531-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive