Introduction

Abstract

Proliferation, differentiation and functional activity of haematopoietic and immunological progenitor and effector cells are regulated by a family of peptide hormones called cytokines. Recent information suggests an important role for these mediators not only in the elimination of pathogenic organisms and cells but also in the pathogenesis of infectious and neoplastic disorders. Studies of gene structure, gene expression, induction requirements and cellular sources using molecular probes and biological assays, have demonstrated a complex cascade of synergising activation signals that amplify immune and inflammatory responses. Through recombinant DNA technology, sufficient quantities of highly purified cytokines have become available for clinical evaluation.