Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Changes in General Circulation in Sleep Apnea Syndrome

  • Conference paper
Book cover Sleep and Health Risk

Abstract

Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is characterized by an uninterrupted sequence of apneas recurring for long periods of sleep or throughout the night. The apneas, which are mainly of an obstructive type, are caused by a variety of anatomical and functional factors: obesity and other anatomical features restricting the upper airways, hypotonia of the oropharyngeal muscles or a lack of coordination between inspiratory and dilatory muscles of the upper airways during inspiration, or even an impaired excitability of the respiratory center. The worst consequences of apneas concern ventilation and pulmonary circulation although systemic arterial pressure is known to rise during the apneas, reaching a peak when ventilation resumes [4]. This report deals with the complex hemodynamic changes affecting the general circulation during sleep in SAS patients. The possible mechanisms responsible for the persistent arterial hypertension often encountered in these patients are also discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Briskin JG, Lehrman KL, Guilleminault C (1978) Shy-Drager syndrome and sleep apnea. In: Guilleminault C, Dement W (eds) Sleep apnea syndromes. Liss, New York, pp 317–322

    Google Scholar 

  2. Buda AJ, Pinsky MR, Ingels NB, Daughters GI, Stinson EB, Alderman EL (1979) Effect of intrathoracic pressure on left ventricular performance. N Engl J Med 301: 453–459

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Cirignotta F, Mondini S, Schiavina M, Zucconi M, Coccagna G, Lugaresi E (1987) Cheyne-Stokes breathing and systemic arterial pressure periodic pattern during sleep in central alveolar hypoventilation. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 23: 409–412

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Coccagna G, Lugaresi E (1978) Arterial blood gases and pulmonary and systemic arterial pressure during sleep in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Sleep 1: 117–124

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Coccagna G, Mantovani M, Brignani F, Parchi C, Lugaresi E (1972) Tracheostomy in hypersomnia with periodic breathing. Bull Physiopathol Respir 8: 1217–1227

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Coccagna G, Mantovani M, Brignani F, Parchi C, Lugaresi E (1972) Continuous recording of the pulmonary and systemic arterial pressure during sleep in syndromes of hypersomnia with periodic breathing. Bull Physiopathol Respir 8: 1159–1172

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Coccagna G, Martirielli P, Zucconi M, Cirignotta F, Ambrosetto G (1985) Sleeprelated respiratory and haemodynamic changes in Shy-Drager syndrome: a case report. J Neurol 232: 310–313

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Downing SE, Mitchell JH, Wallace AG (1963) Cardiovascular responses to ischemia, hypoxia and hypercapnia of the central nervous system. Am J Physiol 204: 881–887

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ehlenz K, Köhler V, Mayer J, Peter JH, von Wichert P, Kaffarnik H (1987) Plasma levels of catecholamines and cardiovascular parameters during sleep in patients with sleep apnea syndrome. In: Peter JH, Podszus T, von Wichert P (eds) Sleep related disorders and internal diseases. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 321–325

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Elzinga G, van Grondelle R, Westerhof N, van del Bos GC (1974) Ventricular interference. Am J Physiol 226: 941–947

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Fletcher EC, De Behnke RD, Lovoi MS, Gorin A (1985) Undiagnosed sleep apnea in patients with essential hypertension. Ann Intern Med 103: 190–195

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Fletcher EC, Miller J, Schaaf JW, Fletcher JG (1987) Urinary catecholamines before and after tracheostomy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension. Sleep 10: 35–44

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Gross PM, Whipp BJ, Davidson JT, Koyal SN, Wassermann K (1976) Role of the carotid bodies in the heart rate response to breath holding in man. J Appl Physiol 41: 336–340

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Guilleminault C, Motta J, Mihm F, Melvin K (1986) Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiac index. Chest 89: 331–334

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Kales A, Bixler EO, Cadieux RJ, Schneck DW, Shaw LC, Loke TW, Vela-Bueno A, Soldatos CR (1984) Sleep apnoea in a hypertension population. Lancet II: 1005–1008

    Google Scholar 

  16. Lavie P, Ben-Yosef R, Rubin AF (1984) Prevalence of sleep apnea syndrome among patients with essential hypertension. Am Heart J 108: 373–376

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Lugaresi E, Coccagna G, Cirignotta F (1979) Polygraphic and cineradiographic aspects of obstructive apneas occurring during sleep. Physiopathological implications. In: von Euler C, Lagercrantz L (eds) Central nervous control mechanisms in breathing. Pergamon, Oxford, pp 495–501

    Google Scholar 

  18. Podszus T, Köhler V, Mayer J, Penzel T, Peter JH, von Wichert P (1986) Systemic arterial blood pressure decreases during obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Res 14: 190

    Google Scholar 

  19. Scharf SM (1984) Influence of sleep state and breathing on cardiovascular function. In: Saunders NA, Sullivan CE (eds) Sleep and breathing. Dekker, New York, pp 221–239

    Google Scholar 

  20. Shepard JW (1986) Hemodynamics in obstructive sleep apnea. In: Fletcher EC (ed) Abnormalities of respiration during sleep. Grune and Stratton, New York, pp 39–61

    Google Scholar 

  21. Sullivan CE, Issa FG, Ellis E, Bruderer J, Mc Cauley V, Bye PI, Grunstein R, Costas L (1987) Treatment of cardiorespiratory disturbances during sleep. In: von Hahn HP (ed) Interdisciplinary topics in gerontology, vol 22. Karger, Basel, pp 47–67

    Google Scholar 

  22. Tilkian AG, Guilleminault C, Schroeder JS, Lehrman KL, Simmons FB, Dement WC (1976) Sleep induced apnea syndrome; hemodynamic studies during wakefulness and sleep. Ann Intern Med 85: 714–719

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Tilkian AG, Motta J, Guilleminault C, Cardiac arrhythmias in sleep apnea. In: Guilleminault C, Dement W (eds) Sleep apnea syndromes. Liss, New York, pp 197–210

    Google Scholar 

  24. Tolle FA, Judy MV, Markand ON (1983) Reduced stroke volume related to pleural pressure in obstructive sleep apnea. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol 55: 1718–1724

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Williams AJ, Houston D, Finberg S, Lam C, Kinney JL, Santiago S (1985) Sleep apnea syndrome and essential hypertension. Am J Cardiol 55: 1019–1022

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Zwillich C, Devlin T, White D, Douglas N, Weil J, Martin R (1982) Bradycardia during sleep apnea (characteristics and mechanisms). J Clin Invest 69: 1286–1292

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Neurology, University of Bologna, Via Ugo Foscolo 7, 40123, Bologna, Italy

    E. Lugaresi

Authors
  1. G. Coccagna
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. F. Cirignotta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. E. Lugaresi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Zentrum für Innere Medizin Abteilung Poliklinik, Klinikum der Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldinger Straße, W-3550, Marburg, Bundesrepublik Deutschland

    Jörg H. Peter , Thomas Penzel , Thomas Podszus  & Peter von Wichert , ,  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Coccagna, G., Cirignotta, F., Lugaresi, E. (1991). Changes in General Circulation in Sleep Apnea Syndrome. In: Peter, J.H., Penzel, T., Podszus, T., von Wichert, P. (eds) Sleep and Health Risk. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76034-1_36

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76034-1_36

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-53083-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-76034-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation