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The Neuroendocrinology of Thirst: Afferent Signaling and Mechanisms of Central Integration

  • Conference paper
Behavioral Aspects of Neuroendocrinology

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Neuroendocrinology ((CT NEUROENDOCRI,volume 10))

Abstract

An animal at rest loses water continuously to the external environment. This decline in hydration is accelerated by environmental and dietary challenges which increase renal water excretion and evaporative fluid loss associated with perspiration and respiration. The body responds to an accumulating fluid deficit by activating multiple hormonal (e.g., antidiuretic hormone) and efferent neural (e.g. sympathetic) control systems, which act to decrease the rate of loss and optimize the distribution of available fluids within the body. Although such compensatory responses serve temporarily to stem the tide of dehydration, fluid homeostasis can be restored only by ingestion of water. Drinking as a response to replete fluid loss is vital and has been termed homeostatic drinking (see Fitzsimons 1972; Epstein et al. 1973; Peters et al. 1975; Fitzsimons 1979; Rolls and Rolls 1982; and de Caro et al. 1986, for reviews of the physiology of thirst). (Depending on the author or discipline, the term thirst has been used in a variety of different ways. It has been used to describe a sensation and as a hypothetical construct or intervening variable. In the present essay, thirst is used simply as a substitute for water intake, drinking, or drinking behavior. The term thirst is used here for the convenience of providing some literary variety.)

Studies from the authors’ laboratory discussed in this chapter were supported in part by United States Public Health Service grants HLP 14388, HL 33447, HL 35600, and MH 00064 and by the Iowa Affiliate of the American Heart Association.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Psychology and Pharmacology and the Cardiovascular Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA

    A. K. Johnson

  2. The Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    G. L. Edwards

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  1. A. K. Johnson
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  1. Pharmakologisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 6900, Heidelberg, Germany

    Detlev Ganten M.D., Ph. D.

  2. Rockefeller University, York Avenue, and 66th Street, 10021, New York, NY, USA

    Donald Pfaff Ph. D.

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Johnson, A.K., Edwards, G.L. (1990). The Neuroendocrinology of Thirst: Afferent Signaling and Mechanisms of Central Integration. In: Ganten, D., Pfaff, D. (eds) Behavioral Aspects of Neuroendocrinology. Current Topics in Neuroendocrinology, vol 10. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75837-9_7

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