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Oxygen Transport in the Critically Ill Patient pp 49–56Cite as

Non — Conventional Ventilation

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Abstract

During spontaneous breathing or conventional mechanical Ventilation, gas exchange in the lungs takes place in two physically distinct regions and by means of different underlying mechanisms. In. the conducting airways (anatomic dead space [VD]) gas transport is primarily due to convection (bulk flow), while molecular diffusion is the dominant gas transport mechanism in the alveolar region. Until recently, respiratory support was based this theoretical concept by delivering high tidal volumes exceeding dead space volume (VT > VD) at low frequencies. Ventilatory frequencies above 20/min were rarely used in adults because it was shown that low tidal volumes at normal frequencies tend to produce atelectasis. Controlled mechanical Ventilation is an accepted therapy for acute respiratory insufficiency (ARI) but by virtue of the increase in intrathoracic pressure has considerable disadvantages (Table 1).

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Authors
  1. T. Hachenberg
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und operative Intensivmedizin, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Strasse 33, D-4400, Münster, Germany

    M. Wendt  & P. Lawin  & 

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© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Hachenberg, T. (1990). Non — Conventional Ventilation. In: Wendt, M., Lawin, P. (eds) Oxygen Transport in the Critically Ill Patient. Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, vol 215. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75646-7_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75646-7_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-52498-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-75646-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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