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Photon Transport in Leaf Tissue: Applications in Plant Physiology

  • Chapter
Photon-Vegetation Interactions

Abstract

A quantitative treatment of photon flux interactions with plant tissue is necessitated by photobiology. As will be shown in Sect. 2 of this chapter, different methods developed to study the great variety of light-induced processes in plants, first of all in vitro spectroscopy and action spectroscopy, require quantitative descriptions of light distributions within leaves or probes of plant tissue. Problems of leaf optics are strongly modified by their photobiological origin as well as by specific features of plant tissue. This is demonstrated in Sect. 3. The estimation of optical properties amounts to a central task. Sect. 4 contains solutions of this problem for different special situations and also a theory which accounts for distortions of absorption spectra caused by spatial heterogeneity of absorbers.

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Abbreviations

T:

time

ε, ελ :

specific absorption coefficient, also molar absorption cross-section [m2mol-1]

λ:

wavelength [nm = 10-9 m]

θλ :

quantum yield of phototransformation [mol(pigm)·mol-1 (photons)]

Īλ :

photons fluence rate [mol(phot) m-2 s-1]

V:

rate of phototransformation

KÌ„:

rate constant of phototransformation

σλ :

effective cross-section of phototransformation

PÌ„:

pigments concentration (in the ground state)

RÌ„:

physiological response

η(λ) :

fluorescence emission spectrum

I(r, Ω̱):

specific intensity (radiance) at the location r in the direction Ω̱(Wm-2sterad-2]

l:

pathlength [m]

σt, σa, σs :

total (extinction), absorption and scattering cross-sections of plant material respectively [m-1]

ξ, η, ζ:

cartesian coordinates

φ, θ:

azimuthal and polar angle respectively

Ω:

solid angle

Q(r, Ω̱); Qi(r, Ω̱):

source function and equivalent source function respectively

F, G:

flux density [Wm-2]

n:

refractive index

rcr,rcd :

reflectivity of a plane boundary for a collimated light incident from optically rarer and denser medium respectively

rr, rd :

reflectivity of a plane boundary for a Lambertian diffuse light incident from optically rarer and denser medium respectively

d:

fraction of a collimated incident flux transformed into diffuse flux upon crossing a boundary

T, R:

transmission and remission coefficients respectively

k, s:

phenomenological coefficients of absorption and scattering respectively

f:

phenomenological ratio of forward to overall scattering (anisotropy of scattering)

L:

thickness of a sample

σext, σa, σs :

extinction (total), absorption and scattering cross-sections of a particle respectively

σg, ωp :

geometrical cross-section and spherical albedo of a particle

Kext, Ka, Ks :

extinction, absorption and scattering efficiency coefficients of a particle respectively

Ï„p :

transmission efficiency of a particle

Np, Nc, Npc :

number densities of particles in a sample, of clusters in a sample and of particles in a cluster respectively

σc :

geometrical cross-section of a cluster

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Authors
  1. L. Fukshansky
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hydrological Sciences Branch, NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center, Mail Code 974, 20771, Greenbelt, MD, USA

    Ranga B. Myneni

  2. Institute of Astrophysics and Atmospheric Physics, Estonian Academy of Sciences, Tartu, 202444, Tõravere, Estonia

    Juhan Ross

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© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Fukshansky, L. (1991). Photon Transport in Leaf Tissue: Applications in Plant Physiology. In: Myneni, R.B., Ross, J. (eds) Photon-Vegetation Interactions. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75389-3_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75389-3_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-75391-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-75389-3

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