Skip to main content

Neuroleptic-Induced and Postremissive Depression in Schizophrenics

  • Conference paper
Book cover Affective and Schizoaffective Disorders
  • 83 Accesses

Abstract

States of depressive disorder occur frequently in the course of schizophrenic diseases and are very complex syndromes as regards their etiology, phenomenology, and clinical prognosis. There is some controversy about to what extent an increase of depressive disorder can be established following the introduction of neuroleptics and whether they are of any significance for the various pathogenetic factors. Individual authors proceed from different theoretical concepts and emphasize difficulties of diagnostic differentiation from anxiety syndromes, dysphoria, sedation, chronic residual schizophrenic states, and akinesia.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ahlfors UG, Baastrup PC, Dencker SJ, Elgen K, Linjiaerde O, Pedersen V, Schou M, Aaskoven O (1981) Flupenthixol decanoate in recurrent manic-depressive illness. Acta Psychiatr Scand 64: 226–237

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anath J, Chadirian AM (1980) Drug-induced mood disorders. Int Pharmacopsychiatry 15: 59–73

    Google Scholar 

  • Angst J, Dinkelkamp T (1974) Die somatische Therapie der Schizophrenie. Literatur der Jahre 1966–1972. Thieme, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Battegay R, Gehring A (1968) Vergleichende Untersuchungen an Schizophrenen der präneuroleptischen und der postneuroleptischen Ära. Pharmacopsychiatry 1: 107–119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Becker RE, Colliver JA, Verhulst SJ (1985) Diagnosis of secondary depression in schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 46: 48

    Google Scholar 

  • Benkert O, Holsboer F (1984) Effect of sulpiride in endogenous depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand [Suppl] 311: 43–48

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berner P, Lenz G (1986) Definitions of schizoaffective psychosis: mutual concordance and relationship to schizophrenia and affective disorder. In: Marneros A, Tsuang MT (eds) Schizoaffective psychoses. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 31–49

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bleuler E (1911) Dementia praecox oder Gruppe der Schizophrenien. In: Aschaffenburg B

    Google Scholar 

  • ed) Handbuch der Psychiatrie. Deuticke, Leipzig

    Google Scholar 

  • Bleuler M (1972) Die schizophrenen Geistesstörungen im Lichte langjähriger Kranken-und Familiengeschichten. Thieme, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Bucci L, Saunders JC (1961) A unique monoamine oxidase inhibitor for depression. Am J Psychiatry 118: 255–256

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter WT, Heinrichs DW (1983) Early intervention, time-limited, targeted pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 9: 533–542

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ciompi L, Müller C (1976) Lebensweg und Alter der Schizophrenen. Eine katamnestische Langzeitstudie bis ins Senium. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Conrad K (1958) Die beginnende Schizophrenie. Thieme, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • de Alarcon R, Carney MWP (1969) Severe depressive mood changes following slow-release intramuscular fluphenazine injection. Br Med J 111: 564–567

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Docherty JP, Kaminen DP van, Sins SG, Marder SR (1978) Stages of onset of schizophrenic psychosis. Am J Psychiatry 135: 420–423

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Donlon PT, Blacker KG (1973) Stages of schizophrenic decompensation and reintegration. J Nerv Ment Dis 157: 200–209

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Esparon J, Kolloori J, Naylor GJ, McHarg AM, Smith AHW, Hopwood SE (1986) Cornparison of the prophylactic action of flupenthixol with placebo in lithium-treated manic-depressive patients. Br J Psychiatry 148: 723–725

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Falloon I, Watt DC, Shepherd M (1978) A comparative controlled trial of pimozide and fluphenazine decanoate in the continuation therapy of schizophrenia. Psychol Med 8: 59–70

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Floru L, Heinrich K, Wittek F (1975) The problem of postpsychotic schizophrenic depressions and their pharmacological induction. Int Pharmacopsychiatry 10: 230–240

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Galdi J (1983) The causality of depression in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 142: 621–625

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Galdi J, Reider RO, Silber D, Bonato RR (1981) Genetic factors in the response to neuroleptics in schizophrenia: a psychopharmacogenetic study. Psychol Med 11: 713–728

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glatzel J (1967) Zur Frage der schizophrenen Verläufe unter der Pharmakotherapie. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr 209: 87–100

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glazer W, Prusoff B, John J, Williams D (1981) Depression and social adjustment among chronic schizophrenic outpatients. J Nerv Ment Dis 169: 712–717

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldstein MJ, Rodnick EH, Evans JR, May PRA, Steinberg MR (1978) Drug and family therapy in the after-care treatment of acute schizophrenics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 35: 1169–1177

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goplerud E, Depue RA (1978) The diagnostic ambiguity of postpsychotic depression. Schizophr Bull 4: 477–479

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gross G, Huber G (1980) Depressive Syndrome im Verlauf von Schizophrenien. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 48: 438–446

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gruhle HW (1922) Die Psychologie der Dementia praecox. Z Neur 78: 454

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton M, Card IR, Wallis GG, Mahmoud MR (1979) A comparative trial of the decanoates of flupenthixol and fluphenazine. Psychopharmacology 64: 225–229

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann W (1987) Neuroleptikabedingte pharmakogene Depressionen. In: Pichot P, Möller HJ (eds) Neuroleptika. Rückschau 1952–1986. Künftige Entwicklungen. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 131–138

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann W, Kind J, Meyer JE, Müller P, Steuber H (1979) Die Neuroleptika in der Rückfallverhütung bei schizophrenen Psychosen. Nervenarzt 50: 734–737

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heinrich K (1960) Die gezielte Symptomprovokation mit monoaminoxidasehemmenden Substanzen in Diagnostik und Therapie schizophrener Psychosen. Nervenarzt 31: 507–512

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heinrich K (1967) Zur Bedeutung des postremissiven Erschöpfungssyndroms für die Rehabilitation Schizophrener. Nervenarzt 38: 487–491

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heinrich K (1969) Das postremissive Erschöpfungssyndrom als multikonditionale depressive Reaktionsform Schizophrener. In: Hippius H, Selbach H (eds) Das depressive Syndrom. Urban and Schwarzenberg, Munich, pp 453–456

    Google Scholar 

  • Heinrichs DW, Carpenter WT Jr (1985) Prospective study of prodromal symptoms in schizophrenic relapse. Am J Psychiatry 142: 371–373

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heimchen H, Hippius H (1967) Depressive Syndrome im Verlauf neuroleptischer Therapie. Nervenarzt 38: 455–458

    Google Scholar 

  • Heimchen H, Hippius H (1969) Pharmakogene Depressionen. In: Hippius H, Selbach H (eds) Das depressive Syndrom. Urban and Schwarzenberg, Munich, pp 443–448

    Google Scholar 

  • Herz M, Melville C (1980) Relapse in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 137: 801–805

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirsch SR (1982) Depression “revealed” in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 140: 421–424

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirsch SR, Knights A (1982) Gibt es die pharmakogene Depression wirklich? Beweismaterial aus zwei prospektiven Studien. In: Kryspin-Exner K, Hinterhuber H, Schubert H (eds) Ergebnisse der psychiatrischen Therapieforschung. Schattauer, Stuttgart, pp 249–260

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirsch SR, Gaind R, Rohde PD, Stevens BC, Wing JK (1973) Outpatient maintenance of chronic schizophrenic patients with long-acting fluphenazine. Br Med J 1: 715–716

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hirsch SR, Jolley AG, Manchanda R, McRink A (1986) Frühzeitige medikamentose Intervention als Alternative zur Depot-Dauermedikation in der Schizophreniebehandlung: ein vorläufiger Bericht. In: Böker W, Brenner HD (eds) Bewältigung der Schizophrenie. Huber, Bern, pp 62–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Hogarty GE, Schooler NR, Ulrich R, Mussare F, Ferro P, Herron E (1979) Fuuphenazine and social therapy in the aftercare of schizophrenic patients. Relapse analyses of a two-year controlled study of fluphenazine decanoate and fluphenazine hydrochloride. Arch Gen Psychiatry 36: 1283–1294

    Google Scholar 

  • Huber G (1964) Grenzen der psychiatrischen Pharmakotherapie bei der Behandlung chronisch Schizophrener. In: Kranz H, Heinrich K (eds) Begleitwirkungen und Mißerfolge der psychiatrischen Pharmakotherapie. Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 167–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Huber G (1966) Reine Defektsyndrome und Basisstadien endogener Psychosen. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 34: 409

    Google Scholar 

  • Huber G (1967) Symptomwandel der Psychosen und Pharmakopsychiatrie. In: Kranz H,Heinrich K (eds) Pharmakopsychiatrie und Psychopathologie. Thieme, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Huber G, Gross G, Schüttler R (1979) Schizophrenie. Eine verlaufs-und sozialpsychiatrische Langzeitstudie. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Janzarik W (1959) Dynamische Grundkonstellationen in endogenen Psychosen. Ein Beitrag zur Differentialtypologie der Wahnphänomene. Springer, Berlin Göttingen Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson DAW (1979) A double-blind comparison of flupenthixol nortriptyline and diazepam in neurotic depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand 59: 1–8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson DAW (1981) Studies of depressive symptoms in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 139: 89–101

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson DAW (1985) Depression in schizophrenia. In: Schiff AA, Roth M, Freeman HL (eds) New pharmacological and clinical developments. Royal Society of Medicine Services, London, pp 15–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson DAW (1988) The significance of depression in the prediction of relapse in chronic schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 152: 320–323

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson DAW, Malik NA (1975) A double-blind comparison of fiuphenazine decanoate and flupenthixol decanoate in the treatment of acute schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 51: 257–267

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kane JM, Rifkin A, Woerner M, Reardon G, Sarantakos S, Schiebel D, Ramos-Lorenzi J (1983) Low-dose neuroleptics in the treatment of outpatient schizophrenics. I. Relapse rates, preliminary results. Arch Gen Psychiatry 40: 893–896

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelly HB, Freeman HL, Banning B, Schiff AA (1977) Clinical and social comparison of fiuphenazine decanoate and flupenthixol decanoate in the community maintenance therapy of schizophrenia. Int Pharmacopsychiatry 12: 54–64

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keskiner A (1973) A long-term follow-up fluphenazine enanthate treatment. Curr Ther Res 15: 305–313

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kielholz P (1960) Diagnostik und Therapie der erschöpfungsdepressiven Zustandsbilder. Wien Med Wochenschr 1960: 714

    Google Scholar 

  • Kielholz P, Terzani S, Pöldinger W (1979) The long-term treatment of periodical and cyclic depressions with flupenthixol decanoate. Int Pharmacopsychiatry 14: 305–309

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klein DF, Fink M (1962) Psychiatric reaction patterns to imipramine. Am J Psychiatry 119: 432–438

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knights A, Hirsch SR (1981) Revealed depression and drug treatment for schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 38: 806–811

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knights A, Okash MS, Salih MA, Hirsch SR (1979) Depressive and extrapyramidal symptoms and clinical effects: a trial of fluphenazine versus flupenthixol in maintenance of schizophrenic outpatients. Br J Psychiatry 135: 515–523

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kraepelin E (1913) Psychiatrie, 8th edn. Johann Ambrosius Barth, Leipzig

    Google Scholar 

  • Langner E, Stössl J (1984) Analyse der Wirkungsmodalitäten einer Standard-und Hochdosierung von Fluphenazin-Decanoat aufgrund einer Doppelblindstudie. In: Kryspin-Exner K, Hinterhuber H, Schubert H (eds) Langzeittherapie psychiatrischer Erkrankungen. Schattauer, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann E, Quadbeck H, Tegeler J, Fararuni M, Heinrich K (1980) Wirkungsdifferenzen bei Hoch-und Standarddosierung von Fluphenazin-Decanoat in Abhängigkeit von Patienten-Merkmalen. Pharmacopsychiatry 13: 117–120

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lerner Y, Moscovich D (1983) Depressive symptoms in acute schizophrenic hospitalized patients. J Clin Psychiatry 46: 483–484

    Google Scholar 

  • Mandel MR, Severe JB, Schooler NR, Gelenberg AJ, Mieske M (1982) Development and prediction of postpsychotic depression in neuroleptic-treated schizophrenics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 39: 197–203

    Google Scholar 

  • Marder SR, van Putten T, Mith J, McKenzie J, Lebell H, Faltico G, May PRA (1984) Costs and benefits of two doses of fluphenazine. Arch Gen Psychiatry 41: 1025–1029

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marder SR, van Putten T, Mintz J, Lebell M, McKenzie J, May PRA (1987) Low-and conventional-dose maintenance therapy with fluphenazine decanoate. Two-year outcome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44: 518–521

    Google Scholar 

  • Marneros A, Tsuang MT (eds) (1986) Schizoaffective psychoses. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayer-Gross W (1920) Über die Stellungnahme zur abgelaufenen akuten Psychose. Z Neurol Psychiatr 60: 160–212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McClelland HA, Farquharson RG, Leyburn P, Furness JA, Schiff AA (1976) Very high dose fluphenazine decanoate. Arch Gen Psychsatry 33: 1435–1439

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McCreadie RG, Flanagan WL, McKnight J, Jorgensen A (1979) High-dose flupenthixol decanoate in chronic schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 135: 175–179

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGlashan TH, Carpenter WT (1976a) An investigation of the postpsychotic depressive syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 133: 14–19

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGlashan TH, Carpenter WT (1976b) Postpsychotic depression in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 33: 231–239

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McKinnon BL (1977) Postpsychotic depression and the need for personal significance. Am J Psychiatry 134: 427–429

    Google Scholar 

  • Meyer HH (1950) Zyklothyme Wellen in schizophrenen Psychosen. Zbl Neurol Psychiatr 108: 314

    Google Scholar 

  • Möller HJ, von Zerssen D (1981a) Depressive Symptomatik bei Aufnahme und Entlassung stationär behandelter schizophrener Patienten. Nervenarzt 52: 525–530

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Möller HJ, von Zerssen D (1981b) Depressive Symptomatik im stationären Behandlungsverlauf von 280 schizophrenen Patienten. Pharmacopsychiatry 14: 172–179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Müller P (1981) Depressive Syndrome im Verlauf schizophrener Psychosen. Enke, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Müller P, Kind J, Steuber H (1978) Pharmakogene depressive Syndrome im Verlauf schizophrener Psychosen. Arzneimittelforschung 28: 1501–1502

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Niskanen P, Tamminen T, Viukari M (1975) Sulpiride vs amitriptyline in the treatment of depression. Curr Ther Res 17: 281–286

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pietzcker A, Gaebel W, Köpcke W, Linden M, Müller P, Müller-Spahn F, Schüssler G, Tegeler J (1986) A German multicenter study on the neuroleptic long-term therapy of schizophrenic patients. Preliminary report. Pharmacopsychiatry 19: 161–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinto A, Bannerjee A, Gosh N (1979) A double-blind comparison of flupenthixol decanoate and fluphenazine decanoate in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia. Acta psychiatr Scand 60: 313–322

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Platz T, Hinterhuber H (1981) Die hochdosierte Neuroleptikatherapie. Pharmacopsychiatry 14: 141–147

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pollack M, Klein DF, Willner A (1965) Imipramine-induced behavioral disorganization in schizophrenic patients: physiological and psychological correlates. Rec Adv Biol Psychiatry 7: 53–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Prusoff BA, Williams DH, Weissman MM, Astrachan BA (1979) Treatment of secondary depression in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 36: 569–575

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rifkin A (1981) The risks of long-term neuroleptic treatment of schizophrenia: especially depression and akinesia. Acta Psychiatr Scand [Suppl] 291: 63–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Rifkin A, Siris SG (1986) Zum heutigen Erkenntnisstand der Problematik: Depression bei der Schizophrenie. In: Hinterhuber H, Schubert H, Kulhanek F (eds) Seiteneffekte und Störwirkungen der Psychopharmaka. Schattauer, Stuttgart, pp 67–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Rifkin A, Quitkin F, Klein DF (1975) Akinesia: a poorly recognized drug-induced extrapyramidal disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 32: 672–674

    Google Scholar 

  • Rifkin A, Quitkin F, Rabiner CJ, Klein DF (1977) Fluphenazine decanoate, fluphenazine hydrochloride given orally and placebo in remitted schizophrenics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 34: 43–47

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roth S (1970) The seemingly ubiquitous depression following acute schizophrenic episodes: a neglected area of clinical discussion. Am J Psychiatry 127: 51–58

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roy A (1984) Do neuroleptics cause depression? Biol Psychiatry 19: 777–781

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roy A, Thompson R, Kennedy S (1983) Depression in chronic schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 142: 465–470

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt W (1967) Zur Frage des psychopathologischen Strukturwandels pharmakotherapierter endogener Psychosen. In: Kranz H, Heinrich K (eds) Pharmakopsychiatrie und Psychopathologie. Thieme, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Schooler NR, Levine J, Severe JB (1980) Prevention of relapse in schizophrenia: an evaluation of fluphenazine decanoate. Arch Gen Psychiatry 37: 19–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Shanfield S, Tucker GJ, Harrow M, Detre T (1970) The schizophrenic patient and depressive symptomatology. J Nerv Ment Dis 151: 203–210

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siris SG, Kammen DP van, Docherty JP (1978) Use of antidepressant drugs in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 35: 1368–1377

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siris SG, Harmon GK, Endicott J (1981) Postpsychotic depressive symptoms in hospitalized schizophrenic patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 38: 1212–1223

    Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg HR, Green R, Durell J (1967) Depression occurring during the course of recovery from schizophrenic symptoms. Am J Psychiatry 124: 699–702

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steiner S (1984) MODELL VIII — Konzept und Verwirklichung einer neuroleptischen Intensivbehandlung bei schizophrenen Patienten. Facultas, Vienna

    Google Scholar 

  • Stern MJ, Pillsbury JA, Sonnenberg SM (1972) Post-psychotic depression in schizophrenics. Compr Psychiatry 13: 591–598

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsuang MT, Woolson RF, Fleming JA (1979) Long-term outcome of major psychoses. I. Schizophrenia and affective disorders compared with psychiatrically symptom-free surgical conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry 36: 1295–1301

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaillant G (1962) The prediction of recovery in schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis 135:534–543 van Putten T, May PRA (1978) Akinetic depression in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 35: 1101–1107

    Google Scholar 

  • Vogl G, Zaudig M (1983) Zur Frage der operationalisierten Diagnostik schizoaffektiver und zykloider Psychosen. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr 233: 385–396

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weitbrecht HJ (1959) Zur Psychopathologie der sogenannten Erschöpfung. Med Klin 26: 1136–1144

    Google Scholar 

  • Welner A, Croughan L, Robins E (1974) The group of schizoaffective and related psychoses-critique, record, follow-up and family studies. I. A persistent enigma. Arch Gen Psychiatry 31: 628–631

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1973) The international pilot study of schizophrenia. WHO, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Young JPR, Hughes WC, Lader MH (1976) A controlled comparison of flupenthixol and amitriptyline in depressed outpatients. Br Med J 1: 1116–1118

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Heinrich, K., Tegeler, J. (1990). Neuroleptic-Induced and Postremissive Depression in Schizophrenics. In: Marneros, A., Tsuang, M.T. (eds) Affective and Schizoaffective Disorders. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75353-4_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75353-4_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-75355-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-75353-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics