Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The 1985 ‘Brown-Tide’ and the Open Phytoplankton Niche in Narragansett Bay During Summer

  • Conference paper
Novel Phytoplankton Blooms

Part of the book series: Coastal and Estuarine Studies ((COASTAL,volume 35))

Abstract

The unprecedented mesoscale bloom of the chrysophyte Aureococcus anophagefferens Sieburth, Johnson et Hargraves during the 1985 summer in Narragansett Bay (Smayda & Villareal, 1989; Smayda & Fofonoff, 1989; Sieburth et al., 1988), Long Island coastal embayments (Cosper et al., 1987) and Barnegat Bay, New Jersey (Olsen, 1989) probably was partly triggered and maintained by a regional climatological and/or hydrographical event. However, the apparent absence of a similar bloom in the contiguous waters of Buzzards Bay, located immediately east of Narragansett Bay, and in Delaware Bay, just south of Barnegat Bay, is noteworthy. Aureococcus was either absent in those areas, or its niche was not locally favored despite similar regional characteristics. Thus, the Aureococcus anophagefferens bloom was probably regulated on two levels: by events operative on both regional and local scales. These simultaneous bloom events in Narragansett Bay, the Long Island embayments and Barnegat Bay indicate that the Aureococcus niche opened up concurrently in three widely separated environments: a most remarkable happening.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Caron, D.A., E.L. Lim, H. Kunze, E.M. Cosper and D.M. Anderson. 1989. Trophic interactions between nano- and microzooplankton and the ‘brown-tide’. In: “Novel Phytoplankton Blooms: Causes and Impacts of Recurrent Brown Tides and Other Unusual Blooms”. Cosper, E.M., E.J. Carpenter and V.M. Bricelj (Eds.). Lecture Notes on Coastal and Estuarine Studies. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 267–296.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cosper, E.M., W.C. Dennison, E.J. Carpenter, V.M. Bricelj, J.G. Mitchell, S.H. Kuenstner, D. Colflesh and M. Dewey. 1987. Recurrent and persistent brown tide blooms perturb coastal marine ecosystem. Estuaries 10 (4): 284–290.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cosper, E.M., E.J. Carpenter and M. Cottrell. 1989. Primary productivity and growth dynamics of the ‘brown tide’ in Long Island embayments. In: “Novel Phytoplankton Blooms: Causes and Impacts of Recurrent Brown Tides and Other Unusual Blooms”. Cosper, E.M., E.J. Carpenter and V.M. Bricelj (Eds.). Lecture Notes on Coastal and Estuarine Studies. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 139–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cosper, E.M., W. Dennison, A. Milligan, E.J. Carpenter, C. Lee, J. Holzapfel and L. Milanese. 1989a. An evaluation of the environmental factors important to initiating and sustaining ‘brown tide’ blooms. In: “Novel Phytoplankton Blooms: Causes and Impacts of Recurrent Brown Tides and Other Unusual Blooms”. Cosper, E.M., E.J. Carpenter and V.M. Bricelj (Eds.). Lecture Notes on Coastal and Estuarine Studies. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 317–340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deason, E.E. and T.J. Smayda. 1982. Ctenophore-zooplankton-phytoplankton interactions in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, during 1972–1977. J. Plankton Res. 4: 2 03–217.

    Google Scholar 

  • Detwyler, R. and E.D. Houde. 1970. Food selection by laboratory-reared larvae of the scaled sardine Harengula pensacola (Pisces, Clupeidae) and the bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli ( Pisces, Engraulidae). Mar. Biol. 7: 214–222.

    Google Scholar 

  • Durbin, A.G. and E.G. Durbin. 1981. Standing stock and estimated production rates of phytoplankton and zooplankton in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. Estuaries 4: 24–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Durbin, A.G. and E.G. Durbin. 1989. Effect of the ‘brown tide’ on feeding, size and egg laying rate of adult female Acartia tonsa. In: “Novel Phytoplankton Blooms: Causes and Impacts of Recurrent Brown Tides and Other Unusual Blooms”. Cosper, E.M., E.J. Carpenter and V.M. Bricelj (Eds.). Lecture Notes on Coastal and Estuarine Studies. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 625–646.

    Google Scholar 

  • Durbin, E.G., R.W. Krawiec and T.J. Smayda. 1975. Seasonal studies on the relative importance of different size fractions of phytoplankton in Narragansett Bay (USA). Mar. Biol. 32: 271–287.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dzurica, S., C. Lee, E.M. Cosper and E.J. Carpenter. 1989. Role of environmental variables, specifically organic compounds and micro-nutrients, in growth of the 1brown tide1 organism. In: “Novel Phytoplankton Blooms: Causes and Impacts of Recurrent Brown Tides and Other Unusual Blooms”. Cosper, E.M., E.J. Carpenter and V.M. Bricelj (Eds.). Lecture Notes on Coastal and Estuarine Studies. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 229–252.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guillard, R.R.L. 1973. Counting slides. Pp. 182–189. In A. Sournia [Ed.] Phytoplankton Manual. Monographs on Oceanographic Methodology, 6: 1–337. UNESCO, Paris, France.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hale, S.S. 1975. The role of benthic communities in the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles of an estuary. In: Mineral Cycling in Southeastern Ecosystems. ERDA Symposium Series 1975 (CONF-740513). F.G. Howell, J.B. Gentry and M.H. Smith (Eds.). Pp. 291–308.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hara, Y. and M. Chihara. 1985. Ultrastructure and taxonomy of Fibrocapsa japonica (class Raphidophyceae). Arch. Protistenk. 130: 133–141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herman, S.S. 1963. Planktonic fish eggs and larvae of Narragansett Bay. Limnol. Oceanogr. 8: 103–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwasaki, H. 1979. Physiological ecology of red tide flagellates. In: Biochemistry and Physiology of Protozoa. M. Levandowsky and S.H. Hutner (Eds.) Academic Press, New York. pp. 357–393.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ketchum, B.H. 1954. Relation between circulation and planktonic populations in estuaries. Ecology 35: 191–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McAlice, B.J. 1971. Phytoplankton sampling with the Sedgwick Rafter cell. Limnol. Oceanogr. 16: 19–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nuzzi, R. and R.M. Waters. 1989. The spatial and temporal distribution of 1brown tide1 in eastern Long Island. In: “Novel Phytoplankton Blooms: Causes and Impacts of Recurrent Brown Tides and Other Unusual Blooms”. Cosper, E.M., E.J. Carpenter and V.M. Bricelj (Eds.). Lecture Notes on Coastal and Estuarine Studies. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 117–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olsen, P. 1989. Development and distribution of a brown water bloom in Barnegat Bay. In: “Novel Phytoplankton Blooms: Causes and Impacts of Recurrent Brown Tides and Other Unusual Blooms”. Cosper, E.M., E.J. Carpenter and V.M. Bricelj (Eds.). Lecture Notes on Coastal and Estuarine Studies. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 189–212.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pratt, D.M. 1959. The phytoplankton of Narragansett Bay. Limnol. Oceanogr. 4: 425–550.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pratt, D.M. 1966. Competition between Skeletonema costatum and Olisthodiscus luteus in Narragansett Bay and in culture. Limnol. Oceanogr. 11: 447–455.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sieburth, J. McN., P.W. Johnson and P.E. Hargraves. 1988. Ultrastructure and ecology of Aureococcus anophagefferens gen. et sp. nov. (Chrysophyceae): the dominant picoplankter during a bloom in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, summer 1985. J. Phycol. 24 (3): 416–425.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smayda, T.J. 1957. Phytoplankton studies in lower Narragansett Bay. Limnol. Oceanogr. 2: 342–354.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smayda, T.J. 1973. The growth of Skeletonema costatum during a winter-spring bloom in Narragansett Bay. Norw. J. Bot. 20: 219–247.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smayda, T.J. 1984. Variations and long-term changes in Narragansett Bay, a phytoplankton-based coastal marine ecosystem: relevance to field monitoring for pollution assessment. In: Concepts in Marine Pollution Measurements. H.H. White (Ed.). Maryland Sea Grant College, University of Maryland, College Park, MD. Pp. 663–679.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smayda, T.J. and P. Fofonoff. 1989. An extraordinary, noxious ‘brown-tide’ in Narragansett Bay. II. Inimical effects. In: Red Tides: Biology, Environmental Science and Toxicology. T. Okaichi, D.M. Anderson and T. Nemoto (Eds.) Elsevier, N.Y. Pp. 131–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smayda, T.J. and T. Villareal 1989. An extraordinary, noxious ‘brown tide’ in Narragansett Bay. I. The organism and its dynamics. In: Red Tides: Biology, Environmental Science and Toxicology. T. Okaichi, D.M. Anderson and T. Nemoto (Eds.) Elsevier, N.Y. Pp. 127–130.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomas, C.R. 1980. Olisthodiscus luteus (Chrysophyceae). V. Its occurrence, abundance and dynamics in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. J. Phycol. 16: 157–166.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomas, C.R. 1981. The influence of grazing by two Acartia species on Olisthodiscus luteus Carter. Mar. Ecol. 2: 215–223.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tracey, G. 1988. Feeding reduction, reproductive failure, and mortality in Mytilus edulis during the 1985 ‘brown tide’ in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 50: 73–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verity, P.G. and D. Stoecker. 1982. The effects of Olisthodiscus luteus Carter on the growth and abundance of tintinnids. Mar. Biol. 72: 79–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoshimatsu, S. 1987. The cysts of Fibrocapsa japonica (Raphidophyceae) found in bottom sediment in Harima-Nada, Eastern Inland Sea of Japan. Bull. Plankton Soc. Japan 34 (1): 25–31.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, 02881, USA

    Theodore J. Smayda & Tracy A. Villareal

Authors
  1. Theodore J. Smayda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tracy A. Villareal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Marine Sciences Research Center, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA

    Elizabeth M. Cosper , V. M. Bricelj  & E. J. Carpenter ,  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Smayda, T.J., Villareal, T.A. (1989). The 1985 ‘Brown-Tide’ and the Open Phytoplankton Niche in Narragansett Bay During Summer. In: Cosper, E.M., Bricelj, V.M., Carpenter, E.J. (eds) Novel Phytoplankton Blooms. Coastal and Estuarine Studies, vol 35. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75280-3_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75280-3_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-75282-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-75280-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation