Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cytoplasmic Assembly and Nuclear Transport of the snRNP Particles

  • Chapter
Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology

Part of the book series: Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology ((PMSB,volume 11))

Abstract

The snRNP particles, a family of six major (U1–U6) and a growing number of minor, less abundant (U7–U12) ribonucleoprotein particles, are stable components of the interphase nucleus (Table 1, Figs. 1A, 2). In the nucleus, the snRNP particles function in RNA processing including the removal of introns, 3′ end formation of pre-mRNA, and rRNA maturation. During the processing events several of the individual snRNPs assemble together into complexes with the substrate. Some of the snRNPs provide sequence specificity by base-pairing between the snRNAs and conserved sequence motifs in their substrates. With only limited exception, the snRNP particles contain a single snRNA and approximately eight proteins, including a shared core of six or seven proteins and several snRNP specific proteins. The common core in human cells includes the 29 kDa B′, 28 kDa B, 17 kDa D′, 16 kDa D, 13 kDa E, 12 kDa F, and 11 kDa G proteins in a stoichiometry of BB′D′2D2EFG (Table 2, Fig. 4). Assembly of the common core proteins is directed by a sequence motif of PuA (U)nGPu (n > 3) present in single-stranded regions of the snRNAs. snRNP core assembly occurs in the cytoplasm where newly synthesized snRNAs appear transiently, immediately after transcription, before returning permanently to the interphase nucleus. Several recent reviews have summarized the structure and function of the snRNP particles (Brunel et al. 1985; Birnstiel 1988; Dreyfuss et al. 1988; Guthrie 1988; Zieve and Sauterer 1990). This report reviews current knowledge about the cytoplasmic assembly and nuclear transport of the snRNP particles in somatic mammalian cells and oocytes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Agutter PS (1988) Nucleo-cytoplasmic transport of mRNA: Its relationship to RNA metabolism, subcellular structures and other nucleocytoplasmic exchanges. Prog Mol and Subcell Biol 10: 15–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Billings PB, Allen RW, Jensen FC, Hoch SO (1982) Anti-RNP monoclonal antibodies derived from a mouse strain with lupus-like autoimmunity. J Immunology 128: 1176–1180

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Billings PB, Barton JR, Hoch SO (1985) A murine monoclonal antibody recognizes the 13000 molecular weight polypeptide of the Sm small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex. J Immunol 135: 428–432

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Birnstiel ML (ed) (1988) Structure and function of major and minor small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Bj¢rn SP, Soltyk A, Beggs JD, Friesen JD (1989) PRP4 from S. cerevisiae: Its gene product is associated with the U4/U6 small nuclear ribonuclearprotein particle. Mol and Cell Biol 9, 3698–3709

    Google Scholar 

  • Blencowe BJ, Sproat BS, Ryder U, Barabino S, Lamond AI (1989) Antisense probing of the human U4/U6 snRNP with biotinylated 2’-DMc RNA oligonucleotides. Cell 59: 531–539

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bringmann P, Luhrmann R (1986) Purification of the individual snRNPs U1, U2, U5, and U4/U6 from HeLa cells and characterization of their protein constituents. EMBO J 5: 3509–3516

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bringmann P, Rinke J, Appel B, Reuter R, Luhrmann R (1983b) Purification of snRNPs U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 with 2, 2,7- trimethylguanosine-specific antibody and definition of their constituent proteins reacting with anti-Sm and anti-(U1)RNP antisera. EMBO J 2: 1129–1135

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bringmann P, Appel B, Rinke J, Reuter R, Theissen H, Luhrmann R (1984) Evidence for the existence of snRNAs U4 and U6 in a single ribonucleoprotein complex and for their association by intermolecular base pairing. EMBO J 3: 1357–1363

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brunel C, Sri-Widada J, Jeanteur P (1985) SnRNPs and scRNPs in eucaryotic cells. Prog Mol Cell Biol 9: 1 52

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruzik JP, Van Doren K, Hirsh D, Steitz JA (1988) Trans splicing involves a novel form of small nuclear ribonuclearprotein particles. Nature 335: 559–562

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cech TR (1986) The generality of self-splicing RNA: relationship to nuclear mRNA splicing. Cell 44: 207–210

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chambers JC, Kenan D, Martin BJ, Keene JD (1988) Genomic structure and amino acid sequences domains of the human La autoantigen. J Biol Chem 263:18043–18051

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chandrasekharappa SC, Smith JH, Eliceiri GL (1983) Biosynthesis of small nuclear RNAs in human cells. J Cells Phys 117: 169–174

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cory S, Adams JM (1975) Modified 5’-termini in small nuclear RNAs of mouse myeoloma cells. Mol Biol Regp 2: 287–294

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Craft J, Mimori T, Olsen TL, Hardin JA (1988) The U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle as an autoantigen. Analysis with sera from patients with overlap syndromes. J Clin Invest (United States) 81 (6): 1716–1724

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Robertis EM (1983) Nucleocytoplasmic segregation of proteins and RNAs. Cell 32: 1021–1025

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Robertis EM, Lienhard S, Parisot RF (1982) Intracellular transport of microinjected 5S and small nuclear RNA. Nature 295: 572–577

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Deng JS, Takasaki Y, Tan EM (1981) Nonhistone nuclear antigens reactive with autoantibodies. Immunofluorescent studies of distribution in synchronized cells. J Cells Biol 91: 654–660

    Google Scholar 

  • Dingwall C, Laskey RA (1986) Protein import into the cell nucleus. Ann Rev Cell Biol 2: 367–390

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dingwall C, Robbins J, Dilworth SM, Roberts B, Richardson WD (1988) The nucleoplasmin nuclear localization sequence is larger and more complex than that of SV-40 large T antigen. J Cell Biol 107: 841–849

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dreyfuss G, Philipson L, Mattaj IW (1988) Ribonucleoprotein particles in cellular processes. J Cell Biol 106: 1419–1425

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eliceiri GL (1974) Short-lived, small RNAs in the cytoplasm of HeLa cells. Cell 3:11–14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eliceiri GL (1980) Formation of low molecular weight RNA species in HeLa cells. J Cell Phys 102: 199–207

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eliceiri GL, Gurney Jr T (1978) Subcellular location of precursors to small nuclear RNA species C and D and of newly synthesized 5S RNA in HeLa cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 81: 915–919

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Feeney RJ, Zieve GW (1990) Nuclear exchange of the U1 and U2 snRNP specific proteins. J Cell Biol 110 (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Feeney RJ, Sauterer RA, Feeney JL, Zieve GW (1989) Cytoplasmic assembly and nuclear accumlation of mature snRNP particles. J Biol Chem 264: 5776–5783

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher DE, Conner GE, Reeves WH, Blobel G, Kunkel HG (1983) Synthesis and assembly of human small nuclear ribonucleoproteins generated by cell-free translation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80: 6356–6360

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher DE, Conner GE, Reeves NH, Wisniewolski R, Blobel G (1985) Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle assembly in vivo: demonstration of a 6S RNA-free core precursor and posttranslational modification. Cell 42: 751–758

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher DE, Reeves HW, Conner GE, Blobel G, Kunkel HG (1984) Pulse labeling of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins in vivo reveals distinct patterns of antigen recognition by human. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81: 3185–3189

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forbes DJ, Kornberg TB, Kirschner MW (1983) Small nuclear RNA transcription and ribonucleoprotein assembly in early Xenopus development. J Cell Biol 97: 62–72

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frederiksen S, Heilung-Larsen P (1975) Precursors to small molecular weight RNA components. FEBS Letters 58: 374–378

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fresco LD, Kurilla MD, Keene JD (1987) Rapid inhibition of processing and assembly of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins after infection with vesicular stomatitis virus. Mol and Cell Biol 7: 1148–1155

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fritz A, Parisot RF, Newmeyer D, De Robertis EM (1984) Small nuclear U-RNPs in Xenopus laeuis development: uncoupled accumulation of the protein and RNA components. J Mol Biol 178: 273–285

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gerke V, Steitz JA (1986) A protein associated with small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles recognizes the 3’ splice site of premessenger RNA Cell 47: 973–984

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gurney Jr T, Eliceiri GL (1980) Intracellular distribution of low molecular weight RNA species in HeLa cells. J Cell Biol 87: 398–403

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guthrie C, Patterson B (1988) Spliceosomal snRNAs. Annu Rev Genet 22: 387–419

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Habets WJ, Sillekens PT, Hoet MH, Schalken JA, Roebroek AJ, Leunissen JA, van de Ven WJ, van Venrooij WJ (1987) Full-length sequence of the U2 small RNA-associated B antigen. Proc Nati Acad Sci USA 84: 2421–2425

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamm J, Kazmaier M, Mattaj IW (1987) In vitro assembly of U1 snRNPs. EMBO J 6: 3479–3485

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hardin JA (1986) The lupus autoantigens and the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arth Rheum 29: 457–460

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris SG, Hoch SO, Smith HC (1988) Chemical cross-linking of Sm and RNP antigenic proteins. Biochemistry 27: 4595–4600

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris SG, Matin TE, Smith HC (1988) Reversible chemical cross-linking and ribonuclease digestion analysis of the organization of proteins in ribonucleoprotein particles. Mol and Cell Biochem 84: 17–28

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hashimoto C, Steitz JA (1984) U4 and U6 RNAs coexist in a single small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle. Nucleic Acids Res 12: 3283–3293

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kastner B, Luhrmann R (1989) Electron microscopy of U1 small nucler ribonucleoprotein particles: shape of the particle and position of the 5’ RNA terminus. EMBO Journal 8: 277–286

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kinlaw CS, Robberson BL, Berget SM (1983) Fractionation and characterization of human small nuclear ribonucleoproteins containing U 1 and U2 RNAs. J Biol Chem 258: 7181–7189

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kleinschmidt AM, Pederson T (1987) Accurate and efficient 3’ processing of U2 small nuclear RNA precursor in a fractionated cytoplasmic extract. Mol and Cell Biol 7: 3131–3137

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Konarska MM, Sharp PA (1988) Association of U2, U4, U5, and U6 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins in a spliceosome-type complex in absence of precursor RNA. Proc Nat! Acad Sci USA 85: 5459–5462

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Konings DAM, Mattaj IW (1987) Mutant U2 snRNAs of Xenopus which can form an altered higher order RNA structure are unable to enter the nucleus. Exp Cell Research 172: 329–339

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kunkel GR, Pederson T (1988) Upstream elements required for efficient transcription of a human U6 RNA gene resemble those of U 1 and U2 genes even though a different polymerase is used. Genes Dev 2: 196–204

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lamond AI, Konarska MM, Grabowski PJ, Sharp PA (1988) Spliceosome assembly involves the binding and release of U4 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 411–415

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lelay-Taha MN, Reveillaud I, Sri-Widada J, Brunel C, Jeanteur P (1986) RNA-protein organization of U1, U5, and U4—U6 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins in HeLa cells. J Mol Biol 189: 519–532

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lerner EA, Lerner MR, Janeway CAJr, Steitz JA (1981) Monoclonal antibodies to nucleic acid-containing cellular constituents: probes for molecular biology and autoimmune disease. Proc Nat! Acad Sci USA 78: 2737–2741

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liautard JP, Sri-Widada J, Brunel C, Jeanteur P (1982) Structural organization of ribonucleoproteins containing small nuclear RNAs from HeLa cells. Proteins interact closely with a similar structural domain of U1, U2, U4, and U5 small nuclear RNAs. J Mol Biol 162: 623–643

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lobo SM, Marzluff WF, Seufert AC, Dean WL, Schultz GA, Simerly C, Schatten G (1988) Localization and expression of Ul RNA in early mouse embryo development. Dev Biol 127: 349 361

    Google Scholar 

  • Lossky M, Anderson GJ, Jackson SP, Begg J (1987) Identification of a yeast snRNP protein and detection of snRNP-snRNP interactions. Cell 51: 1019–1026

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Luhrmann R (1988) snRNP proteins. In: Structure and function of major and minor small nuclear ribonucleoproteins 71 99: Springer-Verlag, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Lund E (1988) Heterogeneity of human Ul snRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res (England) 16: 5813–5826

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Madore SJ, Wieben ED, Kunkel GR, Pederson T (1984b) Precursors of U4 small nuclear RNA. J Cell Biol 99: 1140–1144

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Madore SJ, Wieben ED, Pederson T (1984a) Intracellular site of Ul small nuclear RNA: processing and ribonucleotide assembly. J Cell Biol 98: 188–192

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Madore SJ, Wieben ED, Pederson T (1984c) Eukaryotic small ribonucleoproteins: anti-Lahuman autoantibodies react with Ul RNA-protein complexes. J Biol Chem 259: 1929–1933

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manser T, Gasteland RF (1982) Human U 1 loci: genes for human Ul RNA have dramatically similar genomic environments. Cell 29: 257 264

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattaj IW (1986) Cap trimethylation of U snRNA is cytoplasmic and dependent on U snRNP protein binding. Cell 46: 905 911

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattaj IW (1989) A binding consensus: RNA-protein interactions in splicing, snRNPs and sex. Cell 57: 1–3

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mattaj IW, De Robertis EM (1985) Nuclear segregation of U2 snRNA requires binding of specific snRNP proteins. Cell 40: 111–118

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Melton DA, DeRobertis EM, Cortese R (1980) Order and intracellular location of the events involved in the maturation of a spliced tRNA. Nature 284: 143–148

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nash MA, Kozak SE, Angerer LM, Angerer RC, Schatten H, Schatten G, Marzluff WF (1987) Sea urchin maternal and embryonic U 1 RNAs are spatially segregated in early embryos. J Cell Biol 104: 1133–1142.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newmeyer DL, Forbes DJ (1988) Nuclear import can beparated into distinct steps in vitro: nuclear pore binding and translocation. Cell 52: 641–653

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishikura K, De Robertis EM (1981) RNA processing in microinjected Xenopus oocytes. J Mol Biol 145: 405–420

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ochs RL, Lischwe MA, Spohn WH, Busch H (1985) Fibrillarin: a new protein of the nucleolus identified by autoimmune sera. Biol Cell 54: 124–134

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohosone Y, Mimori T, Griffith A, Akizuki M, Homma M, Craft J, Hardin JA (1989) Molecular cloning of an Sm autoantigen: derivation of a cDNA for a B polypeptide of the U series of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 4249–4253

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paine PL, Horowitz SB (1980) The movement of material between nucleus and cytoplasm. Cell Biol 4: 299–338

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parker KA, Steitz JA (1987) Structural analyses of the human U3 ribonucleoprotein particle reveal a conserved sequence available for base-pairing with pre-rRNA. Mol and Cell Biol. 7: 2899–2913

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patton JR, Pederson T (1988) The Mr 70,000 protein of the U 1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle binds to the 5’ stem-loop of Ul RNA and interacts with the Sm domain proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 747–751

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patton JG, Wieben ED (1987) Ul precursors: variant 3’ flanking sequences are transcribed in human cells. J Cell Biol 104: 175–182

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patton JR, Patterson RJ, Pederson T (1987) Reconstitution of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle. Mol and Cell Biol 7: 4030–4037

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petterson I, Hinterberger M, Mimori T, Gottlieb E, Steitz JA (1984) The structure of mammalian small nuclear ribonucleoproteins: identification of multiple protein components reactive with anti-(U 1) RNP and anti-Sm autoantibodies. J Biol Chem 259: 5907–5914

    Google Scholar 

  • Query CC, Keena JD (1987) A human autoimmune protein associated with U1 RNA contains a region of homology that is cross-reactive with retroviral p30gag antigen. Cell 51: 211–220

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Query CC, Bentley RC, Keene JD (1989) A common RNA recognition motif identified within a defined U1 RNA binding domain of the 70K U1 snRNP protein. Cell 57: 89–101

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reddy R, Henning D, Das G, Harless M, Wright D (1987) The capped U6 small nuclear RNA is transcribed by RNA Polymerase III. J Biol Chem 262: 75–81

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reichlin M (1987) Measurement of antibodies Sm and nRNP by ELISA: clinical and serological correlations. In: Kasukawa R and Sharp GC (eds.) Mixed connective tissue disease and antinuclear antibodies. Elsevier Science Publication:85–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Reimer G, Pollard KM, Penning CA, Ochs RL, Lischwe MA, Busch H, Tan EM (1987) Monoclonal autoantibody from a Fl mouse and some human scleroderma sera target a Mr 34,000 nucleolar protein of the U3 snRNP particle. Arth Rheum 30: 793–800

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reuter R, Luhrmann R (1986) Immunization of mice with purified U1 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins ( RNP) induces a pattern of antibody specificities characteristic of the anti-SM and anti-RNP autoimmune response of patients with lupus erythematosis, as measured by monoclonal antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 8689–8693

    Google Scholar 

  • Reuter R, Rothe S, Luhrmann R (1987) Molecular relationships between U snRNP proteins as investigated by rabbit antisera and peptide mapping. Nucleic Acids Res 15: 4021–4034

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reuter R, Appel B, Rinke J, Luhrmann R (1985) Localization and structure of snRNPs during mitosis. Exp Cell Research 159: 63–79

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Richardson WD, Mills AD, Dilworth SM, Laskey RA, Dingwall C (1988) Nuclear protein migration involves two steps: rapid binding at the nuclear envelope followed by slower translocation through nuclear pores. Cell 52: 655–664

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riedel N, Wise JA, Swerdlow H, Mak A, Guthrie C (1986) Small nuclear RNAs from Saccharomyces cerevisiae: unexpected diversity in abundance, size, and molecular complexity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 8097–8101

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rinke J, Steitz JA (1982) Precursor molecules of both human 5S ribosomal RNA and transfer RN As are bound by a cellular protein reactive with the anti-La lupus antibodies. Cell 29: 149–159

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rinke J, Steitz JA (1985) Association of the lupus antigen La with a subset of U6 snRNA molecules. Nucleic Acids Res 13: 2617–2629

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rinke J, Appel B, Digweed M, Luhrmann R (1985) Localization of a base-paired interaction between small nuclear RNAs U4 and U6 in intact U4/U6 ribonucleoprotein particles by psoralen crosslinking. J Mol Biol 185: 721–731

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts BL, Richardson WD, Smith AE (1987) The effect of protein context on nuclear location signal function. Cell 50: 465–475

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rokeach LA, Haselby JA, Hoch SO (1988) Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding the human Sm-D autoantigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 4832–4836

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rokeach LA, Jannatipour M, Hoch SO (1990) Heterologous expression and epitope mapping of a human small nuclear protein associated Sm-13713 autoantigen. J Immunol 145(3) (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruzdijic S, Pederson T (1987) Evidence for an association between U1 RNA and interspersed repeat single-copy RNAs in the cytoplasm of sea urchin eggs. Develop 101:107–116

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sauterer RA, Goyal A, Zieve GW (1990) Cytoplasmic assembly of snRNP particles from 6S and 20S RNA- free intermediates. J Biol Chem 265: 1048–1058

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sauterer RA, Feeney RJ, Zieve GW (1988) Cytoplasmic assembly of snRNP particles from stored proteins and newly transcribed snRNAs in L929 mouse fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res 176: 344–359

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schmauss C, McAllister G, Ohosome Y, Hardin JA, Lerner MR (1989) A comparison of snRNP-associated Sm-autoantigens: human N, rat N and human B/B’. Nucleic Acids Res 17: 67–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Sillekens PT, Beijer RP, Habets WJ, Venrooij WJ (1988) Human U snRNP-specific C protein: complete cDNA and protein sequence and identification of a multigene family in mammals. Nucleic Acids Res 16: 8307–8321

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh R, Reddy R (1989) γ-monomethyl phosphate: A cap structure in spliceosomal U6 samll nuclear RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:8280–8283

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Skuzeski JM, Lund E, Murphy JT, Steinberg TH, Burgess RR, Dahlberg JE (1984) Multiple elements upstream of the coding region are required for accumulation of human U 1 RNA in vivo. J Biol Chem 259: 8345–8352

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spector DL, Smith HC (1986) Redistribution of U-snRNPs during mitosis. Exp Cell Research 163: 87–94

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spector DL, Schrier WH, Busch H (1983) Immunoelectron microscopic localization of snRNPs. Biol Cell 49: 1–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spritz RA, Strunk K, Surowy CS, Hoch SO, Barbon DE, Francke U (1987) The human U1–70K snRNP protein: cDNA cloning, chromosomal location, expression, alternative splicing and RNA-binding. Nucl Acids Res 15: 10373–10391

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stanford DR, Kehl M, Perry CA, Holicky EL, Harvey SE, Rolhetter NM, Rehder JrK, Luhrmann R, Wieben ED (1988) The complete primary structure of the human snRNP E protein. Nucleic Acids Res 16: 10593–10605

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stefano JE (1984) Purified lupus antigen La recognizes an oligouridylate stretch common to the 3′ termini fo RNA polymerase III transcripts. Cell 36: 145–154

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swanson MS, Nakagawa TY, LeVan K, Dreyfuss G (1987) Primary structure of human nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle C proteins: conservation of sequence and domain structures in heterogeneous nuclear RNA, mRNA and pre-rRNA-binding proteins. Mol Cell Biol 7: 1731–1739

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Symington J, Gurney T Jr, Eliceiri GL (1984) Subcellular location of polypeptides that react with anti-Sm and anti-RNP antibodies. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 120:81–87

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas JD, Conrad RC, Blumentahl T (1988) The C. elegans trans-spliced leader RNA is bound to Sm and has a trimethylguanosine cap. Cell 54: 533–539

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas TL, Britten RJ, Davidson DH (1982) An interespersed region of the sea urchin genome represented in both maternal poly (A) RNA and embryo nuclear RNA. Dev Biol 94: 230–239

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Doren K, Hirsh D (1988) Trans spliced leader RNA exists as small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 335: 556–559

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Verheijen R, Kuijpers H, Vooijs P, van Venrooij W, Ramaekers F (1986) Distribution of the 70K U1 RNA-associated protein during interphase and mitosis. J Cell Sci 86: 173–190

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wieben ED, Madore S, Pederson T (1983) UI small nuclear ribonuclear protein studies by in vitro assembly. J Cell Biol 96: 1751–1755

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Willems M, Penman M, Penman S (1969) The regulation of RNA synthesis and processing in the nucleolus during the inhibition of protein synthesis. J Cell Biol 41: 177–187

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams DG, Stocks MR, Smith PR, Maini RN (1986) Murine lupus monoclonal antibodies define five epitopes on two different Sm polypeptides. Immunol 58: 495–500

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamamoto K, Miura H, Moroi Y, Yoshinoya S, Goto M, Nishioka K, Miyamoto R (1988) Isolation and characterization of a complementary DNA expressing human U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein C polypeptide. J Immunol 140: 311–317

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zeller R, Nyffenegger T, De Robertis EM (1983) Nucleocytoplasmic distribution of snRNPs and stockpiled snRNA-binding proteins during oogenesis and early development in Xenopus laevis. Cell 32: 425–434

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zieve GW (1987) Cytoplasmic maturation of the snRNAs. J Cell Physio 131: 247–254

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zieve GW, Penman S (1976) Small RNA species of the HeLa cell: metabolism and subcellular localization. Cell 8: 19–31

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zieve GW, Sauterer RA (1990) Cell biology of the snRNP particles. CRC Crit Rev Biochm and Mol Biol 25 (1) (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zieve GW, Slitzky B (1986) Removal of cellular water prevents the reformation of the interphase nucleus. J Cell Physio 128: 85–95

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zieve GW, Benecke B, Penman S (1977) Synthesis of two classes of small RNA species in vivo and in vitro. Biochemistry 16: 4520–4525

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zieve GW, Sauterer RA, Feeney RJ (1988) Newly synthesized snRNAs appear transiently in the cytoplasm. J Mol Biol 199: 259–267

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomical Sciences and program in Cellular and Developmental Biology, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8081, USA

    R. J. Feeney

Authors
  1. G. W. Zieve
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. J. Feeney
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. UA CNRS 1191, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Université des Sciences et Technique du Languedoc, 34060, Montpellier Cedex, France

    Philippe Jeanteur

  2. Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan

    Yoshiyuki Kuchino

  3. Abt. Angewandte Molekularbiologie, Physiologisch-Chemisches Institut, Duesbergweg 6, 6500, Mainz, Germany

    Werner E. G. Müller

  4. Department of Biological Sciences, St. John’s University, Grand Central & Utopia Parkways, Jamaica, New York, 11439, USA

    Philip L. Paine

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Zieve, G.W., Feeney, R.J. (1990). Cytoplasmic Assembly and Nuclear Transport of the snRNP Particles. In: Jeanteur, P., Kuchino, Y., Müller, W.E.G., Paine, P.L. (eds) Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, vol 11. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75178-3_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75178-3_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-75180-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-75178-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation