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Evolutionary Biogeography of the North Atlantic Antithamnioid Algae

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Evolutionary Biogeography of the Marine Algae of the North Atlantic

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASIG,volume 22))

Abstract

Distributions of the North Atlantic representatives of the genera Antithamnion, Antithamnionella, Balliella, Pterothamnion and Scagelia are assessed based on re-examination of types and other collections. Ten species are recognized that fall within two distinct floristic elements; a warm temperate element comprising at least eight species of Antithamnion, Antithamnionella, Balliella, and Pterothamnion, and an Arctic-cold temperate element comprising only two species of Scagelia and Antithamnionella. Members of these floristic groups exhibit disjunct distributions or overlap within a narrow transitional area, in the eastern Atlantic Ocean extending from the northern British Isles to Trondheim.

The genera of the warm temperate element also occur in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, and have several endemic species in both regions. The occurrence in the North Atlantic Ocean may be explained by the westward migration of the ancient Tethyan flora into the young Atlantic and Mediterranean basins, and the subsequent isolation of these regions from the Indo-Pacific Ocean.

The two Arctic-cold temperate species are also present in the North Pacific Ocean (although only Scagelia occurs in the Arctic), and between Alaska and Baja California they co-occur with warm and cold temperate antithamnioids of the Pacific flora. The origins of these species remain speculative, although the presence of several closely related taxa (sister species?) suggests a Pacific origin for these two species.

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  1. A. Athanasiadis

    Present address: Department of Marine Botany, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergs Gata 22, S-413 19, Gothenburg, Sweden

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  1. Biological Station Dröbak, University of Oslo, N-1440, Dröbak, Norway

    A. Athanasiadis

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  1. Department of Biology, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, B2G 1C0, Canada

    David J. Garbary

  2. Huntsman Marine Science Centre, St. Andrews, New Brunswick, EOG 2X0, Canada

    G. Robin South

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Athanasiadis, A. (1990). Evolutionary Biogeography of the North Atlantic Antithamnioid Algae. In: Garbary, D.J., South, G.R. (eds) Evolutionary Biogeography of the Marine Algae of the North Atlantic. NATO ASI Series, vol 22. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75115-8_12

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