Cytotoxic Brain Oedema as a Model in the Examination of Cerebroprotective Substances

Abstract

Hexachlorophene (HCP) or 2.2’-methylene bis (3, 4, 6-trichlorphenol) formerly used as germicide, given in the diet of animals, or absorbed through the skin of newborn animals or humans, produces severe oedema in the white matter of the central nervous system (Kimbrough 1971 and 1973; Lampert et al 1973; Mullick 1973; Towfighi 1980). In accordance with Klatzo’s definition (Klatzo 1967) the hexachlorophene-induced brain oedema is characterized as cytotoxic oedema. We intend to use this brain oedema as a model for testing cerebroprotective substances. Therefore rats, put on a diet containing high concentrations of HCP, were examined and the recovery of the rats, after cessation of HCP-exposure, was observed with respect to the water, sodium and potassium content of the brain, the histology of the cerebellum and the motor behaviour. With special respect to the question of suitability as a model for testing of cerebroprotective substances, the oedema reducing effect of substances used to manage brain oedema or of potential therapeutic value was tested.