Abstract
From this immense field only some details with putative roles in AD will be discussed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ahlqvist RP (1948) A study of the adrenotropic receptors. Am J Physiol 153: 586
Archer CB, Morley J, MacDonald DM (1983) Impaired lymphocyte cyclic adenosine mono-phosphate esponse in atopic eczema. Br J Dermatol 109: 559
Archer CB, Paul W, Morley J, MacDonald DM (1984) Actions of locally administered adre-noceptor agonists on histamine-induced cutaneous responses in atopic eczema. Clin Exp Dermatol 9: 358
Archer CB, Dalton N, Turner C, MacDonald DM (1987) Investigations of adrenomedullary function in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 116: 793
Beard LJ, Thong YH, Turner TW (1981) The immunologic status of children with atopic dermatitis. Acta Pædiatr Scand 70: 551
Beer DJ, Rocklin RE (1984) Histamine-induced suppressor cell activity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 73: 439
Beer DJ, Rosenwasser IJ, Dinarello CA, Rocklin RE (1982) Cellular interactions in the generation and expression of histamine-induced suppressor activity. Cell Immunol 69: 101
Bruynzeel-Koomen CAFM, van Wichen DF, Spry C, Venge P, Bruynzeel P (1988) Active participation of eosinophils in patch test reactions to inhalant allergens in patients with atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 118: 229
Busse WW, Lantis SOH (1979) Decreased H2 histamine granulocyte response in active atopic eczema. J Invest Dermatol 73: 184
Butler JM, Chan SC, Stevens S, Hanifin JM (1983 a) Increased leukocyte histamine release with elevated cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase activity in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 71: 490
Butler JM, Peters JE, Hirshman CA, White CR, Margolin LB, Hanifin JM (1983 b) Pruritic dermatitis in asthmatic Basenji-Greyhound dogs: a model for human atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 8: 33
Butler JM, Eberth M, Chan SC, Stevens SR, Szobieszozuk D, Hanifin JM (1985) Basophil histamine release in atopic dermatitis and its relationship to disordered cyclic nucleotide metabolism. Acta Derm Venereol [Suppl] (Stockh) 114: 55
Camp RDR, Coutts A, Greaves MW, Kay AB, Walport MJ (1983) Responses of human skin to intradermal injection of leukotrienes C4, D4 and B4. Br J Pharmacol 80: 497
Carr RH, Busse WW, Reed CE (1973) Failure of catecholamines to inhibit epidermal mitosis in vitro. J Allergy Clin Immunol 55: 255
Chan SC, Grewe SR, Hanifin JM (1982) Functional desensitization associated with elevated cAMP phosphodiesterase in human mononuclear leukocytes. J Cyclic Nucleotide Res 8: 211
Chan SC, Trask DM, Sherman SD, Hanifin JM (1986) Histamine agonist-stimulated protein kinase C-phosphorylation of a 61 K monocyte protein with characteristics of atopic cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase (abstract). J Invest Dermatol 86: 468
Chlebarov S (1972) Acetylcholinspiegel im Blut und Serum-Cholinesteraseaktivität bei Kindern mit Neurodermitis constitutionalis mit und ohne Asthma bronchiale. Arch Dermatol Forsch 244: 338
Clendenning WE, de Oreo GA, Stoughton RB (1959) Serotonin. Arch Dermatol 69: 503
Conrad DH, Bazib H, Sehon AH, Froese A (1975) Binding parameters of the interaction between rat IgE and rat mast cell receptors. J Immunol 114: 688
Conroy MC, Adkinson NF, Lichtenstein LM (1977) Measurement of IgE on human baso-phils, relation to serum IgE and anti-IgE induced histamine release. J Immunol 118: 1317
Cooper KD, Kang K, Chan SC, Hanifin JM (1985) Phosphodiesterase inhibition by Ro-20-1724 reduces hyper-IgE synthesis by atopic dermatitis cells in vitro. J Invest Dermatol 84: 477
Cormane RH, Husz S, Hamerlinck F (1974) Immunoglobulin and complement bearing lymphocytes in allergic contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis (eczema). Br J Dermatol 90: 592
Crespi H, Armando I, Tumilasci O, Levi G, Massimo J, Barontini M, Perec C (1982) Cate-cholamine levels in parotid secretion in children with chronic atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 78: 493
Czarnetzki BM (1983) Incresed monocyte chemotaxis toward leukotriene B4 and platelet activating factor in patients with inflammatory dermatoses. Clin Exp Immunol 54: 486
Czarnetzki BM (1986) Urticaria. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, p 6
Czarnetzki BM, Kalveram KJ, Dirkmeier U (1979) Serum eosinophil chemotactic factor levels in patients with bullous pemphigoid, drug reactions and atopic eczema. J Invest Dermatol 73: 163
De Graciansky P (1966) Eczema constitutionnel. Soc Med Hopit Paris 117: 765 (Hopitaux de Paris)
Djurup R (1981) Adrenoreceptors: molecular nature and role in atopic diseases. Allergy 36: 289
Ebertz JM, Kettelkamp NS, Hirshman CA, Uno J, Hanifin JM (1985) Substance P-induced histamine release in human cutaneous mast cells (abstract). J Invest Dermatol 84: 350
Eilard U, Hellgren L (1961) Skin sensitivity to histamine in eczema and psoriasis. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 26: 81
Felarca AB, Lowell FC (1971) Accumulation of eosinophils and basophils at skin sites in relation to intensity of skin reactivity and symptoms in atopic disease. J Allergy 48: 125
Feltkamp-Vroom TM (1977) Mast cells in atopic and non-atopic subjects. Scand J Respir Dis 58: 8
Fontana VJ, Sedlis E, Prose PH, Messina VP, Holt LE (1962) Complement titer, C-reactive protein and electrophoretic serum protein patterns in eczematous children. NY State J Med 62: 2801
Galant SP, Underwood S, Allred S, Hanifin JM (1979) Beta-adrenergic receptor binding poly-morphonuclear leukocytes in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 72: 330
Giannetti A (1980) High frequency of hereditary complement defects in association with atopic diseases. Acta Derm Venereol [Suppl] (Stockh) 92: 77
Girard JP (1972) Biological measurements of atopy. In: Charpin J et al. (eds) Allergology. Proc 8th European Congress on Allergy. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, p 133
Gleich GJ, Loegering DA, Mann KG, Maldonado JE (1976) Comparative properties of the Charcot-Leyden crystal protein and the major basic protein from human eosinophils. J Clin Invest 57: 633
Goldberg ND, Haddox MK, Dunham E, Lopez C, Hadden JW (1974) The yin yang hypothesis of biological control: opposing influences of cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP in the regulation of cell proliferation and other biological processes. Control of animal cells. Cold Spring Harbor, New York, p 609
Gottesfeld G (1964) Acetylcholin-und Histamine-Bronchospasmus bei Neurodermitikern und Kontrollen. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 2 (Suppl): 52
Greaves M, Marks R, Robertson I (1977) Receptors for histamine in human skin blood vessels: a review. Br J Dermatol 97: 225
Greaves MW, Sondergaard J, McDonald-Gibson W (1971) Recovery of prostaglandins in healthy subjects and in patients with urticaria and atopic dermatitis in human cutaneous inflammation. Br Med J II: 258
Grewe SR, Chan SC, Hanifin JM (1982) Elevated leukocyte cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase in atopic disease: a possible mechanism for cyclic AMP-agonist hyporesponsiveness. J Allergy Clin Immunol 70: 452
Hanifin JM (1986) Pharmacophysiology of atopic dermatitis. Clin Rev Allergy 4: 43
Hanifin JM (1987) Veränderte Phosphodiesterase-Aktivität der Leukozyten bei atopischem Ekzem. Hautarzt 38: 258
Hellerström S, Lidman H (1956) Studies of Besnier’s prurigo (atopic dermatitis). Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 36: 11
Herlin T, Kragballe K (1980) Impaired monocyte cyclic AMP responses and monocyte cyto-toxicity in atopic dermatitis. Allergy 35: 337
Heskel NS, Chan SC, Thiel ML, Stevens SR, Casperson LS, Hanifin JM (1984) Elevated umbilical cord blood leukocyte cyclic adenosine monophosphate-phosphodiesterase activity in children with atopic parents. J Am Acad Dermatol 11: 422
Hodgkinson GI, Everall D, Smith HV (1977) Immunofluorescent patterns in Besnier’s prurigo. Br J Dermatol 96: 357
Hoffman BB, Lefkowitz RJ (1980) Alpha-adrenergic receptor subtypes. N Engl J Med 302: 1390
Holden CA, Chan SC, Hanifin JM (1985) Adenylate cyclase activity in mononuclear leukocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol [Suppl] (Stockh) 114: 149
Holden CA, Chan SC, Hanifin JM (1986) Monocyte localisation of elevated cAMP phospho-diesterase activity in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 87: 372
Holla SWJ, Hollman EPMJ, Mier PD, Staak WJBM van den, Urselmann E, Warndorff JA (1972) Adenosine 3‘:5’-cyclic monophosphate phosphodiesterase in skin. II. Levels in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 86: 147
Hovmark A, Ã…sbrink E (1981) Effects of a beta-receptor blocking agent (Propranolol) on synthesis of IgE in vitro by peripheral blood lymphocytes from atopic patients. Allergy 36: 391
Huriez C (1966) Actualités sur les eczémas. Rev Med (Suppl)
Ida S, Hooks SJ, Siraganian RP, Notkins AL (1977) Enhancement of IgE-mediated histamine release from human basophils by viruses: role of interferon. J Exp Med 145: 892
Ignarro LJ (1973) Neutral protease release from human leukocytes regulated by neurohor-mones and cyclic nucleotides. Nature 245: 151
Ishizaka T, Ishizaka K, Conrad DH, Froese A (1978) A new concept of triggering mechanisms of IgE-mediated histamine release. J Allergy Clin Immunol 61: 320
Ishizaka T, Soto CS, Ishizaka K (1973) Mechanisms of passive sensitization III. Number of IgE molecules and their receptor sites on human basophil granulocytes. J Immunol 111: 500
Johnson HH, de Oreo GA, Lascheid WP, Mitchell F (1960) Skin histamine levels in chronic atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 34: 237
Juhlin L (1967) Localisation and content of histamine in normal and diseased skin. Acta Derm Venereol 47: 383
Juhlin L, Hammarström S (1982) Effects of intradermally injected leukotriene C4 and histamine in patients with urticaria, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 49: 251
Juhlin L, Michaelsson G (1969) Cutaneous vascular reactions to prostaglandins in healthy subjects and in patients with urticaria and atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 49: 251
Kaliner M (1984) Hypotheses on the contribution of late-phase allergic responses to the understanding and treatment of allergic disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 73: 311
Kapp A, Schöpf E (1985) Involvement of complement in atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol [Suppl] (Stockh) 114: 152
Kapp A, Piskorski A, Schöpf E (1988) Elevated levels of interleukin 2 receptor in sera of patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 119: 707
Kapp A, Russwurm R, Schöpf E (1983) Aktivierung des Komplementsystems bei Patienten mit Neurodermitis atopica-Bestimmung von C3a in plasma. Z Haut Geschlechtskr 149: 100
Kaufman HS, Frick OL, Fink D (1968) Serum complement in young children with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy 42: 1
Kownatzki E, Grüninger G (1987) Bedingungen der anti-IgE-induzierten Histaminfreisetzung aus den isolierten Leukozyten von Normalpersonen und Patienten mit atopischer Dermatitis, allergischer Rhinitis und Psoriasis. Allergologie 10: 86
Kragballe K, Fogh K (1989) Prostaglandin E 2 and leukotriene B4 in atopic dermatitis. Acta Dermatovenereol (Suppl 144) (Stockh) (in press)
Lebel B, Venencie PY, Saurat JH, Soubrane C, Paupe J (1980) Anti-IgE induced histamine release from basophils in children with atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol [Suppl] (Stockh) 92: 57
Leiferman KM, Ackerman SJ, Sampson HA, Haugen HS, Venencie PY, Gleich GJ (1985) Dermal deposition of eosinophile-granule major basic protein in atopic dermatitis. Comparison with onchocerciasis. N Engl J Med 313: 282
Leiferman KM, Haugen HS, Gleich GJ (1986) Evidence for eosinophil degranulation in the late phase of the immediate wheal and flare skin reaction (abstract). J Invest Dermatol 86: 488
Levi L, Meneghini C, Rantuccio F (1959) Activité cholinesterasique: pouvoir histaminolitique et dosage de l’histamine dans la peau des sujets sains et atteint de certaines dermatoses allergiques. Acta Allergol 13: 332
Lichtenstein LM, Marone G, Thomas LT, Malveaux FJ (1978) The role of basophils in inflammatory reactions. J Invest Dermatol 71: 65
Marone G, Poto S, Colombo M, Quattrin S, Condorelli M (1983) Histamine release from human basophils in vitro: effects of age of cell donor. Monogr Allergy 18: 139
Marone G, Giugliano R, Lembo G, Ayala F (1986) Human basophil releasability. II. Changes in basophil releasability in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 87: 19
Matloff SM, Kiselis IK, Rocklin RE (1983) Reduced production of histamine-induced suppressor factor (HSF) by atopic mononuclear cells and decreased prostaglandin E2 output by HSF-stimulated atopic monocytes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 72: 359
McMillan JC, Heskel NS, Hanifin JM (1985) Cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase activity and histamine release in cord blood leukocyte preparations. Acta Derm Venereol [Suppl] (Stockh) 114:24
Michaelsson G (1969) Cutaneous reactions to kallikrein and prostaglandins in healthy and diseased skin. Thesis, Uppsala University, Sweden
Mier PD, Urselmann E (1970) The adenyl cyclase of skin. Br J Dermatol 83: 364
Mihm MC, Soter NA, Dvorak HF, Austen KF (1976) The structure of normal skin and the morphology of atopic eczema. J Invest Dermatol 67: 305
Mikhail GR, Miller-Nilinska A (1964) Mast cell population in human skin. J Invest Dermatol 43: 249
Mizoguchi M, Furusawa S, Okitsu S, Yoshino K (1985) Macrophage-derived interleukin-1 activity in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 84: 303
Möller H, Rorsman H (1958) Studies on vascular permeability factors with sodium fluores-cein. II. The effect of intracutaneously injected histamine and serum in patients with atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 38: 243
Müller-Esterl W, Fritz H (1981) Kallikreins, kinins and allergy. In: Ring J, Burg G (eds) New trends in allergy. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 81
Murphy GM, Smith SE, Smith SA, Greaves MW (1984) Autonomic function in cholinergic urticaria and atopic eczema. Br J Dermatol 110: 581
Mustakallio KK (1966) Antistaphylolysin (ASta) level of the blood in relation to barrier function of the skin. Ann Med Exp Biol Fenniæ 44 (Suppl): 7
Nilzén A (1958) Experimental background of some abnormal vascular reactions in atopic dermatitis and significance of skin tests in man. In: Holpern BN, Holtzer A (eds) Proc 3ème Congrès International d’Allergologie Flammarion, Paris, p 635
Overgaard Petersen H, Thormann J, Zachariæ H (1979) Urinary histamine and atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol Res 264: 193
Parish WE (1972) Eosinophilia. III. The anaphylactic release from isolated human basophils of a substance that selectively attracts eosinophils. Clin Allergy 2: 381
Parish WE, Champion RH (1973) Atopic dermatitis. In: Rook A (ed) Recent advances in dermatology, vol 3. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 193
Parker CW, Kennedy S, Eisen AZ (1977) Leukocyte and lymphocyte cyclic AMP response in atopic eczema. J Invest Dermatol 68: 302
Parrot JL, Laborde C (1963) Le pouvoir histaminopexique du serum sanguin. Son absence chez les sujets allergiques. Presse Med 71: 1267
Pochet P, Delespesse G, de Maubeuge J (1980) Characterization of β-adrenergic receptors on intact circulating lymphocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol [Suppl] (Stockh) 92: 26
Räsanen L, Lehto M, Reunala T, Jansen C, Leinikki P (1987) Decreased monocyte production of interleukin-1 and impaired lymphocyte proliferation in atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol Res 279: 215
Reed CE, Busse WW, Lee TP (1976) Adrenergic mechanisms and the adenyl cyclase system in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 67: 333
Reimann HJ, Meyer HJ, Wendt P (1981) Stress and histamine. In: Ring J, Burg G (eds) New trends in allergy. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 50
Reinhold U, Pawelec G, Wehrmann W, Herold M, Vernet P, Kreysel HW (1988) Immuno-globulin E and immunoglobulin G subclass distribution in vivo and relationship to in vitro generation if interferon-gamma and neopterin in patiens with severe atopic dermatitis. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 87: 120
Reusch MK, Mielke V, Christophers S, Sterry W (1989) 11-2 receptor down-regulation of T cells correlates with the clinical improvement of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis during treatment with cyclosporin A (Cy-A) (Abstract) J Invest Derm Dermatol 92: 506
Ring J (1983) Plasma histamine concentration in atopic eczema. Clin Allergy 13: 545
Ring J, Lutz J (1983) Decreased release of lysosomal enzymes from peripheral leukocytes of patients with atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 8: 378
Ring J, O’Connor R (1979) In vitro histamine and serotonin release studies in atopic dermatitis. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 58: 322
Ring J, Senter T, Cornell RC, Arroyave CM, Tan EM (1978) Complement and immunoglobulin deposits in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 99: 459
Ring J, Senter T, Cornell RC, Arroyave CM, Tan EM (1979) Plasma complement and histamine changes in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 100: 521
Ring J, Mathison DA, O’Connor R (1981) In vitro cyclic nucleotide responsiveness of leukocytes and platelets in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 65: 1
Ring J, Sedlmaier F, von der Helm D, Mayr T, Walz U, Ibel H, Riepel H, Przybilla B, Rei-mann HJ, Dorsch W (1986) Histamine and allergic diseases. In: Ring J, Burg G (ed) New trends in allergy. II. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 44
Rocha de Silva M (1964) Chemical mediators of the acute inflammatory reaction. Ann N Y Acad Sci 116: 899
Rocklin RE, Beard J, Gupta S, Good RA, Melmon KL (1980) Characterization of the human blood lymphocytes that produce histamine-induced suppressor factor. Cell Immunol 51: 226
Rorsman H (1958) Basophil leukocytes in urticaria, asthma and atopic dermatitis. Acta Allergol 12: 205
Ruoho AE, De Clerque JL, Busse WW (1980) Characterization of granulocyte beta adrenergic receptors in atopic eczema. J Allergy Clin Immunol 66: 46
Ruzicka T (1986) Lipoxygenase activity in cutaneous inflammation. In: Ring J, Burg G (eds) New trends in allergy. II. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 90
Ruzicka T, Glück T (1983) Cutaneous histamine levels and histamine releasability from the skin in atopic dermatitis and hyper-IgE syndrome. Arch Dermatol Res 275: 14
Ruzicka T, Simmet T, Peskar BA, Ring J (1984) Skin levels of arachidonic acid-derived inflammatory mediators and histamine in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 86: 105
Safko MJ, Chan SC, Cooper KD, Hanifin JM (1981) Heterologous desensitization of leukocytes: a possible mechanism of beta adrenergic blockade in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 68: 215
Sampson H, Jolie PL (1984) Increased plasma histamine concentrations after food challenges in children with atopic dermatitis. N Engl J Med 311: 372
Sauer RR, Sauer CI, Merk H, Steigleder GK (1987 a) Einfluß des 5-Lipoxygenasehemmers Phenidon auf die antigenbedingte Histaminfreisetzung in vitro. Z Hautkr 62: 1175
Sauer RR, Sauer CI, Merk H, Steigleder GK (1987 b) Erfahrungen mit der antigenbedingten Histaminfreisetzung (HF) in vitro aus Leukozytensuspensionen und Vollblut. Vergleich der Ergebnisse von Histaminfreisetzung, Hauttest und RAST. Z Hautkr 62: 1164
Scheidegger JP (1966) Acetylcholinesterasegehalt normaler und neurodermitischer Haut. Arch Klin Exp Dermatol 226: 265
Schmutzler W, Poblete-Freundt G, Rauch K, Schoenfeld W (1979) Response to immunological or cholinergic stimulation on isolated mast cells from man, guinea pig and rat. Monogr Allergy 14: 288
Schwarz W, Bock G, Hornstein OP (1987) Plasma levels of cyclic nucleotides are elevated in atopic eczema. Arch Dermatol Res 279: 59
Scott A (1962) Acetylcholine in normal and diseased skin. Br J Dermatol 74: 317
Secher L, Permin H, Juhl F (1978) Immunofluorescence of the skin in allergic diseases: an investigation of patients with contact dermatitis, allergic vasculitis and atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 58: 117
Shereff RH, Harwell W, Lieberman P, Rosenberg EW (1973) Effect of beta adrenergic stimulation and blockade on immediate hypersensitivity skin test reactions. J Allergy Clin Immunol 52: 328
Snapper CM, Finkelman FD, Paul WE (1989) Differential regulation of IgGl and IgE synthesis by interleukin 4. J Exp Med 167: 183
Sobotka AG, Marone G, Lichtens LM (1979) Indomethacin, arachidonic acid metabolism and basophil histamine release. Monogr Allergy 14: 285
Solomon L, Wentzel HE (1963) Plasma catecholamines in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 41: 401
Solomon LM, Juhlin L, Kirschenbaum MS (1968) Prostaglandin on cutaneous vasculature. J Invest Dermatol 51: 282
Soter NA, Mihm MC, Dvorak HF, Austen HF (1978) Cutaneous necrotizing venulitis: a sequential analysis of the morphologic alterations occurring after mast cell degranulation in a patient with a unique syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 32: 46
Soter NA, Lewis RA, Corey EJ, Austen JF (1983) Local effects of synthetic leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4 and LTB4) in human skin. J Invest Dermatol 80: 115
Stüttgen G, Knoblich I, Schmidthaus H (1968) Zahl und Morphe basophiler Leucocyten, deren Korrelatin zu eosinophilen Leucocyten, Immunoglobulinen und Blutkörperchen-Senkungsgeschwindigkeit bei Dermatosen. Hautarzt 19: 388
Sugiura H, Hirota Y, Uehara M (1989) Heterogenous distribution of mast cells in lichenified lesions of atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol (Suppl 144) (Stockh) (in press)
Sullivan TJ, Parker KL, Stenson W, Parker CW (1975) Modulation of cyclic AMP in purified mast cells. I. Response to pharmacologic, metabolic and physical stimuli. J Immunol 114: 1473
Sutherland EW, Robison GA (1966) The role of cyclic-3‘,5’-AMP responses to catecholamines and other hormones. Pharmacol Rev 18: 145
Szentivanyi A (1966) The biomechanical pharmacology of adrenergic reactions as related to the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. Ann Allergy 24: 253
Szentivanyi A (1968) The beta adrenergic theory of the atopic abnormality in bronchial asthma. J Allergy 42: 203
Szentivanyi A, Heim O, Schultze P, Szentivanyi J (1980) Adrenoceptor binding studies with (3H) Dihydroalprenolol and (3H) Dihydroergocryptine on membranes of lymphocytes from patients with atopic disease. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) Suppl 92: 19
Tiffenau R (1958) Hypersensibilité cholinergique et histaminique pulmonaire de l’astmatique. Acta Allergol 12: 187
Trask DM, Chan SC, Sherman SE, Hanifin JM (1988) Altered leucocyte protein kinase activity in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 90: 526
Venter JC, Fraser CM, Harrison LC (1980) Autoantibodies to β2-adrenergic receptors: a possible cause of adrenergic hyporesponsiveness in allergic rhinitis and asthma. Science 207: 1361
Voorhorst R, Grosfeld JCM, de Vries J, Kuiper JP (1963) Development of atopics syndrome in group of patients with (atopic) constitutional dermatitis. Acta Allergol 18: 56
Wagner G, Pürschel W (1962) Klinisch-analytische Studie zum Neurodermitisproblem. Der-matologica 125: 1
Wehrmann W, Reinhold U, Pavelec G, Vernet P, Kreysel HW (1989) In vitro generation of IFN-ga, a and in vivo Fce/Rl/CD 23 positive lymphocytes in relationship to IgE and IgG subclasses in patients with severe atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol (Suppl 144) (Stockh) (in press)
Wierenga EA, Snoek M, Jansen HM, de Groot C, Bos JD, Chretien I, de Vries JE, Kapsenberg ML (1989) High allergen-specific IgE levels are associated with imbalanced interleukin 4 and interferon-gamma production by functional allergen-specific helper CD4? T lymphocytes (abstract). J invest Dermatol 92: 541
Williams DH (1938) Skin temperature reaction to histamine in atopic dermatitis (disseminated neurodermitis). J Invest Dermatol 1: 119
Williams L, Snyderman T, Lefkowitz RJ (1976) Identification of beta-adrenergic receptors in human lymphocytes by(-)[3H]alperenol binding. J Clin Invest 57: 149
Winkelmann RK (1966) Nonallergic factors in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy 37: 29
Winkelmann RK (1971) Molecular inflammation of the skin. J Invest Dermatol 57: 197
Winkelmann RK (1984) Total plasma kininogen in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 64: 261
Wintroub BU, Soter NA (1983) Biology of the mast cell and its role in cutaneous inflammation. In: Gigli IN, Miescher PA, Müller-Eberhard HJ (eds) Immunodermatology. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 57
Wütrich B, Storck H, Grob P, Schwarz-Speck M (1972) Zur Immunpathologie der Neurodermitis. Arch Dermatol Forsch 244: 327
Yamamoto K (1975) Immunoglobulin, complement and fibrinolytic enzyme system in atopic dermatitis. Mod Probl Paediatr 17: 30
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rajka, G. (1989). Pathomechanism: Cells and Mediators. In: Essential Aspects of Atopic Dermatitis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74766-3_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74766-3_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-74768-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-74766-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive