Skip to main content

The Growing Anagen Hair

  • Chapter

Abstract

Although much of our present knowledge of the biophysics and biochemistry of hair stems from experimental research on animals [for review see also Orfanos et al. (1981)], recent data tell us that the physiological and biochemical properties of human hair are not identical with those of rodents or mammals phylogenetically older than man.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Astbury WT, Woods HJ (1933) X-ray studies of the structure of hair, wool and related fibres. II. The molecular structure and elastic properties of hair keratin. Philos Trans Soc Lond (Series A) 232:333–394

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bern HA, Harkness DR, Blair SM (1955) Radioautographic studies of keratin formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 41:55–60

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Birbeck MSC, Mercer EH (1957 a) The electron microscopy of the human hair follicle. I. Introduction and the hair cortex. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 3:202–214

    Google Scholar 

  • Birbeck MSC, Mercer EH (1957 b) The electron microscopy of the human hair follicle. II. The hair cuticle. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 3:215–222

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Birbeck MSC, Mercer EH (1957 c) The electron microscopy of the human hair follicle. III. The inner root sheath and trichohyaline. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 3:223–233

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Braun-Falco O (1958) The histochemistry of the hair follicle. In: Montagna W, Ellis RA (eds) The biology of hair growth. Academic, New York, pp 65–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Crewther WG, Fräser RDB, Lennox FG, Lindberg H (1965) The chemistry of keratins. Adv Protein Chem 20:191–346

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dickerson RE, Geis I (1969) The structure and action of proteins. Harper and Row, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Downes AM (1965) A study of the incorporation of labelled cystine into growing wool fibres. In: Lyne AG, Short ’BF (eds) Biology of skin and hair growth. Angus and Robertson, Sydney, Australia, pp 345–346

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein WL, Maibach HI (1969) Cell proliferation and movement in human hair bulbs. In: Montagna W, Dobson RL (eds) Hair growth. Pergamon, Oxford, pp 83–97 (Advances in biology of skin, vol 9)

    Google Scholar 

  • Forslind B (1971a) Distribution of 35S-L-cystine in mice after intraperitoneal injection as revealed by whole-body autoradiography. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 51:1–8

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forslind B (1971 b) Electron microscopic and autoradiographic study of 35S-cystine incorporation in mouse hair follicles. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 51:9–15

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forslind B, Swanbeck G (1966) Keratin formation in the hair follicle. I. An ultrastructural investigation. Exp Cell Res 43:191–209

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forslind B, Lindström B, Swanbeck G (1971) Microradiographic and autoradiographic studies of keratin formation in human hair. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 51:81–88

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forslind B, Afzelius BA, Liljesvan B, Roomans GM (1981) Green hairs: elementary X-ray analysis in the electron microscope. In: Orfanos CE, Montagna W, Stüttgen G (eds) Hair research. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 163–168

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Forslind B, Li H-K, Malmqvist KR, Wiegleb D (1984) Elemental analysis of hair fibres using PIXE. A population study of sulfur content. Sci Total Environ

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser RDB, MacRae TP (1982) The fine structure of keratin fibers. In: Breuer (ed) Milton Harris — chemist, innovator, and entrepreneur. American Chemical Society, pp 109–137

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser RDB, MacRae TP, Rogers GE (1962) Molecular organization in a-keratin. Nature 193:1052–1055

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser RDB, MacRae TP, Miller A (1964) Molecular structure of a-keratin. Nature 203:1231

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fraser RDB, MacRae TP, Millward GR, Parry DAD, Suzuki E, Tulloch PA (1971) The molecular structure of keratins. Appl Poly Symp 18:65–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Fraser RDB, MacRae TP, Suzuki E (1976) Structure of the a-keratin microfibril. J Mol Biol 108:435–452

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gillespie JM, Ries PJ, Schinckel PG (1964) The isolation and properties of some soluble proteins from wool. IX. The proteins in wools of increased sulphur content. Aust J Biol Sci 17:548–560

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harkness DR, Bern HA (1957) Radioautographic studies of hair growth in mouse. Acta Anat (Basel) 31:35–45

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hashimoto K (1981) The environment of the hair follicle. In: Orfanos CE, Montagna W, Stüttgen G (eds) Hair research. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 172–182

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kassenbeck P (1981) Morphology and fine structure of hair. In: Orfanos CE, Montagna W, Stüttgen G (eds) Hair research. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 52–64

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Lundgren HP, Ward WH (1962) Levels of molecular organization in a-keratins. Arch Biochem [Suppl] 1:78–111

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacArthur I (1943) Structure of a-keratin. Nature 152:38–40

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mahrle G, Orfanos CE (1974) Das spongiöse Keratin und die Marksubstanz des menschlichen Kopfhaares. Raster- und Transmissionselektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen. Arch Dermatol Forsch 241:305–316

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matoltsy AG, Parakkal PF (1965) Membrane coating granules of keratinizing epithelia. J Cell Biol 24:297–307

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mercer EH (1965) The contribution of the resistant cell membranes to the properties of keratinized tissues. J Soc Cosmet Chem 16:507–514

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monroe DD (1966) Hair growth measurements using intradermal sulphur-3 5-cystine. Arch Dermatol (Chicago) 93:119–122

    Google Scholar 

  • Montagna (1962) Structure and function of skin, 2nd edn. Academic, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Orentreich N (1969) Scalp hair replacement in man. In: Montagna W, Dobson RL (eds) Hair growth. Pergamon, Oxford, pp 99–108 (Advances in biology of skin, vol 9)

    Google Scholar 

  • Orfanos CE, Ruska H (1968 a) Die Feinstruktur des menschlichen Haares. I. Die Haar-Cuticula. Arch Klin Exp Dermatol 231:97–110

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orfanos CE, Ruska H (1968 b) Die Feinstruktur des menschlichen Haares. II. Der Haar-Cortex. Arch Klin Exp Dermatol 231:264–278

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orfanos CE, Ruska H, Schade H (1971) Die histochemische Darstellung menschlicher Keratine mit Hilfe von saurem Natriumthioglycolat und Osmiumtetroxid. Arch Klin Exp Dermatol 240:404–418

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orfanos CE, Montagna W, Stüttgen G (1981) Hair research. Status and future aspects. Springer, Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Orwin DFG (1979) The cytology and cytochemistry of the wool follicle. Int Rev Cytol 60:331–374

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orwin DFG, Thomson RW (1973) Plasma membrane differentiations of keratinizing cells of the wool follicle. IV. Further membrane differentiations. J Ultrastruct Res 45:41–49

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orwin DFG, Thomson RW, Flower NE (1973 a) Plasma membrane differentiation of keratinizing cells of the wool follicle. I. Gap junctions. J Ultrastruct Res 45:1–14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orwin DFG, Thompson RW, Flower NE (1973 b) Plasma membrane differentiation of keratinizing cells of the wool follicle. II. Desmosomes. J Ultrastruct Res 45:15–29

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orwin OFG, Thompson RW, Flower NE (1973 c) Plasma membrane differentiation of keratinizing cells of the wool follicle. III. Tight junctions. J Ultrastruct Res 45:30–40

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parakkal PF (1969) The fine structure of anagen hair follicle of the mouse. In: Montagna W, Dobson RL (eds) Hair growth. Pergamon, Oxford, pp 441–469 (Advances in biology of skin, vol 9)

    Google Scholar 

  • Parakkal PF, Matoltsy AG (1964) A study of the differentiation products of the hair follicle cells with the electron microscope. J Invest Dermatol 43:23–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Pauling L, Corey RB (1951) The structure of hair, muscle and related proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 37:261–271

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers GE (1959) Electron microscopy of wool. J Ultrastruct Res 2:309–330

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers GE (1963) The localization and significance of arginine and citrulline in proteins of the hair follicle. J Histochem Cytochem 11:700–705

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers GE (1964) Isolation and properties of inner sheath cells of hair follicles. Exp Cell Res 33:264–276

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roth SI (1967) Hair and nail. In: Zelickson AS (ed) Ultrastructure of normal and abnormal skin. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, pp 105–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Steinert PM, Harding HWJ, Roger GE (1969) The characterization of protein bound citrulline. Biochim Biophys Acta 175:1–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steinert PM, Idler WW, Poirier MG, Katoh Y, Stoner GD, Yuspa SH (1979) Subunit structure of the mouse epidermal keratin filament. Biochim Biophys Acta 577:11–21

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki E, Crewther WG, Fraser RDB, MacRae TP, McKern NM (1973) X-ray diffraction and infrared studies on an a-helical fragment from a-keratin. J Mol Biol 73:275–278

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swanbeck G (1961) The structure of a-keratin. Exp Cell Res 23:420–422

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swanbeck G (1964) A theory for the structure of a-keratin. In: Montagna W, Lobiz (eds) The epidermis. Academic, New York, pp 339–350

    Google Scholar 

  • Swift JA (1968) The electron histochemistry of cystine-containing proteins in thin transverse sections of human hair. J R Microsc Soc 88:449–160

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swift JA (1981) The hair surface. In: Orfanos CE, Montagna W, Stüttgen G (eds) Hair research. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 65–72

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Forslind, B. (1990). The Growing Anagen Hair. In: Orfanos, C.E., Happle, R. (eds) Hair and Hair Diseases. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74612-3_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74612-3_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-74614-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-74612-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics