Abstract
It is estimated that one and a half million Americans sustained an acute myocardial infarction in 1982 [1]. In the same year, more than 100000 cardiac surgical procedures were performed [2]. The development of direct techniques for coronary revascularization has resulted in a multitude of critically ill patients requiring open-heart surgery. In an effort to deal with the increasing numbers of patients who present with the many complicated patterns of coronary artery or valvular heart disease, or both, and require urgent open-heart surgery, a spectrum of cardiac support measures ranging from simple pharmacological maneuvers to a variety of mechanical assist devices have been devised.
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Bregman, D. (1989). Clinical Experience with Percutaneous Intra-aortic Balloon Pumping. In: Unger, F. (eds) Assisted Circulation 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74404-4_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74404-4_6
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