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Insulin Receptor-Mediated Transmembrane Signalling

  • Chapter
Insulin

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 92))

Abstract

At least in part because of the intense interest generated by the dramatic therapeutic effects of insulin, when it was first used for patients like Leonard Thompson in the early 1920s, no single hormone has been more thoroughly investigated than has insulin. Yet, at this moment in time, over 60 years since the discovery of insulin, the precise series of reactions whereby insulin triggers a cellular response is not known. Nonetheless, as summarized by other chapters in this volume, an enormous amount of detailed information has been acquired about the structural requirements for the interaction of insulin with its receptor, about the oligomeric structure of the receptor complex which associates with other proteins in the plasma membrane, about the receptor’s autophosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity and about the precise amino acid sequences and biosynthesis of the receptor a and ßsubunits. There is no question in anyone’s mind that all of the many actions of insulin stem from the initial interaction of insulin with its plasma membrane receptor. But, the main question yet to be answered is: how does receptor triggering cause such a diverse spectrum of responses in the cells with which insulin interacts? The diversity of response to insulin (Table 1) is seen not only in terms of the wide variety of processes regulated (ranging from changes in membrane polarization to the stimulation of DNA synthesis) but also in terms of the time frame of the responses, ranging from milliseconds (membrane polarization) to minutes (stimulation of glucose transport) to tens of hours (stimulation of DNA synthesis).

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Authors
  1. M. D. Hollenberg
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmaceutical Research Division, Warner Lambert Company, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA

    Pedro Cuatrecasas M. D. (President) (President)

  2. Division of Cell Biology, Burroughs Wellcome Co., Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA

    Steven Jacobs M. D. (Director) (Director)

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© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Hollenberg, M.D. (1990). Insulin Receptor-Mediated Transmembrane Signalling. In: Cuatrecasas, P., Jacobs, S. (eds) Insulin. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 92. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74098-5_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74098-5_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-74100-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-74098-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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