Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cutaneous Vasodilators

  • Chapter
Pharmacology of the Skin II

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 87 / 2))

  • 342 Accesses

Abstract

Vasodilator drugs are often employed in the management of symptomatic vasospastic disorders and diseases resulting in organic ischaemia of the skin. These drugs can be grouped into two large categories: (a) drugs acting on the sympathetic nervous system and (b) drugs with a direct vasodilator action. An understanding of the rationale for their use demands a knowledge of the innervation and pharmacology of the cutaneous vasculature.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ahlquist RPM (1948) A study of the adrenotropic receptors. J Physiol 153:586–599

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Altura BM, Hershey SG (1967) Pharmacology of neurohypophysical hormones and their synthetic analogues in the terminal vascular bed. Angiology 18:428–439

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beaucher WN (1979) Vasodilator drugs for peripheral vascular disease (letter). N Engl J Med 301:159

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Belch JJF, Drury JK, Capell H, Forbes CD, Newman P, McKenzie F, Leiberman P, Prentice CRM (1983) Intermittent epoprostenol (prostacyclin) infusion in patients with Raynaud’s syndrome: a double blind controlled trial. Lancet 1:313–315

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brain SD, Williams TJ, Tippins JR, Morris HR, Maclntyre I (1985) Calcitonin gene-related peptide is a potent vasodilator. Nature 313:54–56

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brain SD, Tippins JR, Morris HR, Maclntyre I, Williams TJ (1986) Potent vasodilator activity of calcitonin gene-related peptide in human skin. J Invest Dermatol 87:533–536

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bunker GB, Dowd PM (1987) Alterations in scalp blood flow after the epicutaneous application of 3% minoxidil and 0.1% hexyl nicotinate in androgenetic alopecia. Br J Dermatol 117:668–669

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bunker CB, Cooper F, Dowd PM (1983) A double blind placebo controlled trial of topical hexyl nicotinate on Reynaud’s phenomenon. Brit J Dermatol (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bunker CB, Lanigan SW, Rustin MHA, Dowd PM (1988) The effects of topically applied hexyl nicotinate on the cutaneous blood in patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon. Br J Dermatol 119:771–776

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Busse R, Bassenge E (1984) Endothelium and hypoxic responses. Bibl Cardiol 38:21–34

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Camp RD, Coutts AA, Greaves MW, Kay AB, Walport MJ (1983) Responses of human skin to intradermal injections of leukotrienes C4, D4 and B4. Br J Pharmacol 80:497

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chew CVC, Hecht HS, Collett JT, McAllister RG, Singh BN (1981) Influence of severity of ventricular dysfunction on haemodynamic responses to intravenously administered verapamil in ischaemic heart disease. Am J Cardiol 47:917–922

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coffman JD, Cohen AS (1971) Total and capillary fingertip blood flow in Raynaud’s phenomenon. N Engl J Med 285:259–263

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen BA, Coffman JD (1980) Beta adrenergic vasodilatation mechanism in the finger. Clin Res 28:161A

    Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham FM, Woollard PM, Camp RD (1984) Skin monohydroxy fatty acids: correlation of biosynthesis with proinflammatory activity. Br J Dermatol 111:703–704

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Humieres S, Russo-Marie F, Vargoftig BB (1986) PAF-acether-induced synthesis of prostacyclin by human endothelial cells. Eur J Pharmacol 131:13–19

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Di Corletto PE, Dowen-Pope DF (1983) Cultured endothelial cells produce a platelet-derived growth factor-like protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:1919–1923

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dowd PM, Martin MFR, Cooke ED, Bowcock SA, James R, Dieppe OA, Kirby JDT (1982) Treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon by intravenous infusion of prostacyclin (PGI2). Br J Dermatol 106:81–89

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dowd PM, Kobza Black A, Woollard PM, Camp RDR, Greaves MW (1985) Cutaneousis responses to 12-hydroxy 5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE). J Invest Dermatol 84:537–544

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dowd PM, Rustin MHA, Lanigan S (1986) Nifedipine in the treatment of chilblains. Br Med J 293:923–924

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dowd PM, Whitfield M, Greaves MW (1987) Hexyl nicotinate-induced vasodilation in normal human skin. Dermatologica 174:239–243

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dowd PM, Camp RDR, Greaves MW (1988) Interleukin-1 is proinflammatory in human skin in vivo. Skin Pharmacol 1(1):30–37

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erdös EG, Wilde AF (eds) (1970) Bradykinin, kallidin and kallikrein. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York (Handbook of experimental pharmacology, vol 25)

    Google Scholar 

  • Furchgott RF (1983) Role of endothelium in responses of vascular smooth muscle. Circ Res 53:557–573

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Furchgott RF, Zawadski JV (1980) The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine. Nature 288:373–376

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gifford RW (1963) Arteriospastic disorders of the extremities. Circulation 27:970–975

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon JL (1982) Vessel wall metabolism and vasoactive agents. In: Woolff N (ed) Biology and pathology of the vessel wall. Prager, Eastbourne, pp 41–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon JL (1987) Adenine nucleotides and the regulation of vascular tone. Thromb Haemost 58:251

    Google Scholar 

  • Guy RH, Tur E, Bjerke S, Maibach HI (1985) Are there age and racial differences to methyl nicotinate-induced vasodilatation in human skin? J Am Acad Dermatol 12:1001

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hansteen V, Lorentsen (1974) Vasodilator drugs in the treatment of peripheral arterial insufficiency. Acta Med Scand [Suppl] 556:3–62

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harper FE, Le Roy EC (1982) Raynaud’s phenomenon — an update on treatment. J Cardiovasc Med 7:282–290

    Google Scholar 

  • Higgs GA, Cardinale PC, Moncada S, Vane JR (1979) Microcirculatory effects of prostacyclin (PGI2 in the hamster cheek pouch). Microvasc Res 18:245–254

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jorizzo JL, Coutts AD, Eady RAJ, Greaves MW (1983) Vascular responses of human skin to injection of substance P and mechanism of action. Eur J Pharmacol 87:67–76

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kahan A, Weber S, Amor B, Saparta L, Hodana M, Degeorges M (1982) Etude controlée de la nifedipine dans le traitement du phénomène de Raynaud. Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 49:337–343

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirby JDT, Lima DRA, Dowd PM, Kilfeather S, Turner P (1980) Prostacyclin increases cyclic nucleotide responsiveness of lymphocytes from patients with systemic sclerosis. Lancet 2:453

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kohlhardt M, Bauer B, Krause H, Fleckenstein A (1972) Differentiation of the transmembrane Na and Ca channels in mammalian cardiac fibres by the use of specific inhibitors. Pflügers Arch 335:309–322

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kontos HA, Wasserman AJ (1971) Effect of reserpine in Raynaud’s phenomenon. N Engl J Med 285:259–263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lange RL, Reid MS, Tresch DD; Kellan MH, Bernhard VM, Coolidge G (1972) Non-batheromatous ischaemic heart disease following withdrawal from chronic industrial nitroglycerin exposure. Circulation 46:666–678

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Le Roy EC, Downey JA, Cannon PJ (1971) Skin capillary blood flow in scleroderma. J Clin Invest 50:930–939

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis T (1926) The blood vessels of the human skin and their responses. Shaw, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell JR, Oates JA (1970) Guanethidine and related agents in mechanism of the selective blockade of adrenergic neurons and its antagonism by drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 172:100–107

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moncada S, Gryglewski R, Bunting S, Vane JR (1976) An enzyme isolated from arteries transforms prostaglandin endoperoxides to an unstable substance that inhibits platelet aggregation. Nature 263:663–665

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moncada S, Herman AS, Higgs AE (1986) Generation of prostacyclin an endothelium-derived relaxing factor from endothelial cells. In: Jolies J, Tegrand JY, Nurden A (eds) Biology and pathology of platelet-vessel wall interactions. Academic, London, pp 284–304

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilsen KH, Jayson MIV (1980) Cutaneous microcirculation in systemic sclerosis and response to intra-arterial reserpine. Br Med J 280:1408–1411

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nobin BA, Nielsen SL, Eklov B, Lassen NA (1978) Reserpine treatment of Raynaud’s disease. Ann Surg 187:12–16

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oattman JD, Mannicle JA (1972) Failure of vasodilator drugs in arteriosclerosis obliterans. Ann Intern Med 76:35–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Owen NE, Le Breton GO (1981) Ca2+ mobilization in blood platelets as visualized by Chlortetracycline fluorescence. Am J Physiol 241:613–619

    Google Scholar 

  • Pardy BJ, Lewis DD, Eastcott HHG (1980) Preliminary experience with prostaglandins E1 and I2 in peripheral vascular disease. Surgery 88:826–832

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parks VJ, Sandison AG, Skinner SL, Whelan RF (1961) The mechanism of the vasodilator action of reserpine in man. Clin Sci 20:289–295

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Piotrowski W, Foreman JC (1986) Some effects of calcitonin gene related peptide in human skin and on histamine release. Br J Dermatol 114:37–46

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson BF, Dobbs RJ, Kelsey CR (1980) Effects of nifedipine on resistance vessels, arteries and veins in man. Br J Clin Pharmacol 10:433–438

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robson P, Pearce V, Antcliffe AC, Hamilton M (1978) Double-blind trial of indoramin in digital artery disease. Br J Clin Pharmacol 6:88–91

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith CD, McKendry RJR (1982) Controlled trial of nifedipine in the treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon. Lancet 2:1299–1301

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Somlyo AV, Somlyo AP (1968) Electromechanical and pharmacomechanical coupling in vascular smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 159:129–145

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sondergaard J, Greaves MW (1971) Prostaglandin E effect on cutaneous vasculature and skin histamine. Br J Dermatol 84:424

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Theroux P, Waters DD, DeBaisieux JC, Szlachcic J, Mizgala HF, Bourassa MG (1980) Haemodynamic effects of calcium ion antagonists after acute myocardial infraction. Clin Invest Med 3:81–85

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • von Euler US (1972) Synthesis, uptake and storage of catecholamines in adrenergic nervs. The effect of drugs. In: Blaschko H, Muscholl E (eds) Catecholamines. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 186–230 (Handbook of experimental pharmacology, vol 33)

    Google Scholar 

  • Willerson JT, Thompson RH, Hookman P, Herdt J, Decker JL (1970) Reserpine in Ra ynand’s disease and phenomenon short term response to intra-arterial injection. Ann Intern Med 72:17–27

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yardoumian DA, Isenberg DA, Rustin MHA, Dowd PM, Machin SJ (1988) Successful treatment of Raynaud’s syndrome with Iloprost. Br J Rheumatol 27:220–226

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. P. M. Dowd
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Institute of Dermatology, St. Thomas’s Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, SE1 7EH, London, Great Britain

    Malcolm W. Greaves M.D., Ph.D., F.R.C.P.

  2. Department of Dermatology, The Royal Victoria Infirmary, The University of Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, Newcastle upon Tyne, Great Britain

    Sam Shuster M.D., Ph. D., F.R.C.P.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Dowd, P.M. (1989). Cutaneous Vasodilators. In: Greaves, M.W., Shuster, S. (eds) Pharmacology of the Skin II. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 87 / 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74054-1_21

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74054-1_21

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-74056-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-74054-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation