Zusammenfassung
In der Pathophysiologie des Polytraumas spielen die sog. „Organe im Schock“ für den posttraumatischen Verlauf und damit für die Prognose eine sehr bedeutsame Rolle. Die morphologischen (vorwiegend ultrastrukturellen) und funktionellen Veränderungen können durch eine rechtzeitige Behandlung oder — noch besser — durch eine in viele Richtungen einsetzende Prophylaxe sehr häufig reversibel verlaufen. Bei irreversiblen Veränderungen können diese einen „locus minoris resistentiae“ bilden und die Grundlage zu einem späteren multiplen Organversagen darstellen.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Boxer L, Haak R, Yang H, Wolach J, Whitcomb J, Butterich C, Baehner R (1982) Membrane-bound lactoferrin alters the surface properties of polymohphonuclear leukocytes. J Clin Invest 70:1049–1051
Brieland JK, Kunkel RG, Fantone JC (1987) Pulmonary alveolar macrophage function during acute inflammatory lung injury. Am Rev Resp Dis 135:1300–1306
Brigham KL, Meyrick B (1984) Granulocyte dependent injury of pulmonary endothelium: a case of miscommunication? Tissue Cell 16:137–155
Cochrane CG, Spragg RG, Revak SD, Cohen AB, McGuire WW (1983) The presence of neutrophil elastase and evidence of Oxidation activity in bronchoalveaolar lavage fluid of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am Rev Respir Dis 127:S25–S27
Connell RS, Swank RL, Webb MC (1975) The development of pulmonary ultrastructural lexions during hemorrhagic shock. J Trauma 15:116–129
Craddock PR, Fehr J, Brigham KL, Jacob HS (1975) Pulmonary capillary leukostasis: a complement (C′) mediated complicatioion of hemodialysis. Clin Res 23:402A
Craddock PR, Fehr J, Dalmasso AP, Brigham KL, Jacob HS (1977a) Pulmonary vascular leukostasis resulting from complement activation by dialyzer cellophane menbranes. J Clin Invest 59:879–888
Craddock PR, Fehr J, Brigham KL, Kronenberg RS, Jacob HS (1977b) Complement and leokocyte medaited pulmonary dysfunction in hemodialysis. N Engl J Med 296:769–774
Dinges HP, Redl H, Schlag G (1984) Quantitative estimation of granulocyte in the lung after polytrauma - dog and human autopsy data. Eur Sugr Res 16:100–101
Dwenger A, Schweitzer G (1986) Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma proteins, chemi- luminescence response and protein contents of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from blood and lavage fluid in traumatizes patients. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 24:73–88
Fehr, J, Bütler S (1985) Zur Bedeutung der Prostaglandine für die in vitro Adhäsivität und die in vivo Margination der neutrophilen Granulozyten. Klin Wschr 63:152–157
Flick MR, Perel G, Staub NC (1981) Leukocytes are required for inceased lung microvas- cular perimeability after microemboli in sheep. Circ Res 48:344–351
Flick MR, Julien M, Heuffel JM (1983) Leukocytes are not required for oleic acid induced lung injury in sheep. Physiologist 26:55A
Gerberich GF, Jaffe HA, Willoughby JB, Willoughby WF (1986) Relationship between pulmonary inflammation, plasma transudation, and oxygen metabolite secretion by alveolar macrophages. J Immunol 137:114–121
Hammerschmidt DE, Craddock PR, McCullogh JJ, Kronenberg RS, Dalmasso AP, Jacob HS (1978) Complement activation and pulmonary leukostasis during fiber filtration leuko- pheresis. Blood 51:721–730
Hammerschmidt DE, Harris PDED, Wayland JH, Craddock PR, Jacob HS (1981) Complement-induced granulocyte aggregation in vivo. Am J Pathol 102:146–150
Harlan JM (1985) Leukocyte-endotheloal interactions. Blood 65:513–525
Heath CA, Lai L, Bizios R, Malik AB (1986) Pulmonary hemodynamic effects of antisheep serum-induced leukopenia. J Leuk Biol 39:385–397
Heflin AC Jr, Brigham KL (1981) Prevation by granulocyte depletion of increades vascular permeability of sheep lung following endotoxemia. J Clin Invest 68:1253–1260
Heideman M (1985) The role of complement in trauma. Acta Chir Scand Suppl 522:233–244
Heideman M, Hugh TE (1984) Anaphylatoxin generation in multisystems organ failure. J Trauma 24:1038–1043
Heideman M, Kaijser B, Gelin LE (1978) Complement activatioion and hematologic, hemodynamic, and respiratory reactions early after soft-tissue injury. J Trauma 18:696–700
Jochum M, Fritz H (1983) Plasma levels of human granulocytic elastase alpha 1 proteine inhibitor complex (E-alpha 1 PI) in patients with septicemia and acute leukemia. In: Goldberg D, Werner M (eds) Selected topics in clinical enzymology. de Gruyter & Co, Berlin New York, pp 85–100
Johnson A, Malik AB (1980) Effect of granulocytepenia on extravascular lung water content after micro-embolization. Am Rev Resp Dis 122:561–566
Kapur MM, Jain P, Gidh M (1986) The effect of trauma and serum C3 activation and its correlation with injury severity score in man. J Trauma 26:464–466
Laufe MD, Simon RH, Flint A, Keller JB (1986) Adult respiratory distress syndrome in neutropenic patients. Am J Med 80:1022–1026
Martin BA, Wright JL, Thommasen H, Hogg JC (1982) Effect of pulmonary blood flow on the exchange between the circulating and marginating pool of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in dog lungs. J Clin Invest 69:1277–185
Maunder RJ, Hackman RC, Riff E, Albert RK, Springmeyer SV (1986) Occurrence of the adult respiratory distress syndrome in neutropenic patients. Am Rev Resp Dis 133:313–316
McCord JM (1986) Superoxide radical: a likely link between reperfusion injury and inflammation. Adv. Free Rad Biol Med 2:325–345
McCord JM (1987) Oxygen-derived radicals: a link between reperfusion injury and inflammation. Fred Proc 46:2402–2406
Neumann S, Hennrich N, Gunzer G, Lang H (1983) Enzyme linked immunoassay for complexes of human granulocyte elastase with alpha1-proteinase inhibitor in plasma. In: Goldberg DM, Werner M (eds) Progress in clinical enzymology II. Masson, New York, p 293
Neumann S, Jochum M (1984) Elastase-alpha1-proteinase inhibitor complex. In: Bergmeyer HV, Bergmeyer J, Graßl M (eds) Methods of enzymatic analysis, vol 5, 4th edn, p 184
Nuytinck JKS, Goris RJA, Redl H, Schlag G, van Munster PJJ (1986) Posttraumativ complications and inflammatory mediators. Arch Surg 121:886–890
Ognibene FP, Martin SE, Parker MM, Schlesinger T, Roach P, Burch C, Shelahmer JH, Parrillo JE (1986) Adult respiratory distress syndrome in patients with severe neutropenia. N Engl J Med 315:547–551
Peterson MW, Stone P, Shashy DM (1987) Cationic neutrophil proteins increase transendothelial albumin movement. J Appl Physiol 62:1521–1530
Pretorius JP, Schlag G, Redl H, Botha WS, Goosen DJ, Bosman H (1987) The “lung in shock” as a result of hypovolemic-traumatic shock in baboons. J Trauma (in press)
Ratliff NB, Wilson JW, Mikat E, Hackel DB, Graham TC (1971) The lung in hemorrhagic shock. IV. The role of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte. Am J Pathol 65:325–334
Rinaldo JE, Borovetz H (1985) Deterioration of oxygenation and abnormal lung microvas- cular permeanbility during resolution of leukopenia in patients with diffuse lung injury. Am Rev Resp Dis 131:579–583
Risberg B, Smith L, Schoenberg MH, Younes M (1987) Lipid peroxidation is not a major factor involved in the edema formation in perfused lungs. Eur Surg Res 19:164–170
Ronnins RA, Russ WD, Rasmussen JK, Clayton MM (1987a) Activation of the complement system in the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am Rev Resp Dis 135:651–658
Robbins RA, Russ WD, Thomas KR, Rasmussen JK, Kay HD (1987b) Complement component C5 is required for release of alveaolar macrophage-derived neutrophil chemotactic activity. Am Rev Resp Dis 135:659–664
Schlag G (1974) Experimentelle und klinische Untersuchungen mit Knochenzementen. Brüder Hollinek, Wien
Schlag G, Redl H (1980) Die Leukostase in der Lunge beim hypovolämisch-traumatischen Schock. Anaesthesist 29:606–612
Schlag G, Redl H (1985a) Morphology of the microvascular system in shock: lung, liver, and skeletal muscles. Crit Care Med 13:1045–1049
Schlag G, Redl H (1985b) Morphology of the human lung after traumatic injury. In: Zapol W, Falke K (eds) Acute respiratory failure. Dekker, New York, pp 161–183
Schlag G, Redl H (1986) Oxygen radicals in hypovolemic-traumatic shock. In: Novelli GP, Ursini F (eds) Oxygen free radicals in shock. International Workshop Florence 1985. Karger, Basel, pp 94–108
Schlag G, Regele H (1972) Lungenbiopsien bei hypovolämisch-traumatischem Schock. Med Welt 23:1755–1758
Schlag G, Voigt WH, Schnells G, Glatzl A (1976) Die Ultrastruktur der menschlichen Lunge im Schock. Anaesthesist 25:512–521
Schlag G, Voigt WH, Redl H, Glatzl A (1980) Vergleichende Morphologie des posttraumatischen Lungenversagens. Anaesth Intensivther Notfallmed 15:315–339
Schmid-Schönbein GW (1987) Capillary plugging by granulocytes and the no-reflow phenomenon in the microcirculation. Fed Proc 46:2397–2401
Shasby DM, Fox RB, Harada RN, Regine JE (1982) Reduction of the edema of acute hy- peroxic lung injury by granulocyte depletion. J Appl Physiol 52:1237–1244
Teplitz C (1976) The core pathobiology and integrated medical science of adult acute respiratory insufficiency. Surg Clin North Am 56:1091–1131
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Schlag, G., Redl, H. (1988). Die Bedeutung der Granulozyten im ARDS — Sind sie notwendig?. In: Peter, K., Groh, J. (eds) ZAK München 1987. Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin / Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, vol 206. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73786-2_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73786-2_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-19387-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-73786-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive