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Derzeitiger Stand der Prävention der Aspirationspneumonie bei geburtshilflichen Allgemeinnarkosen

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ZAK München 1987
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Zusammenfassung

In der geburtshilflichen Allgemeinanästhesie nimmt die Aspiration von Mageninhalt einen besonderen Stellenwert ein. Sie steht seit lahrzehnten unverändert an der Spitze tödlicher anästhesiologischer Komplikationen [23, 40]. Während bei elektiven chirurgischen Eingriffen die Inzidenz dieser Komplikation mit ca. 1: 1000–2000 angegeben wird, findet sich in der Geburtshilfe eine etwa 10 fach höhere Aspirationsrate [5, 24]. Diese deutlich höhere Gefährdung spiegelt sich wider, wenn man die tödlichen Komplikationen als Folge der Anästhesie analysiert. Im allgemeinen Anästhesieklientel wird die Aspiration für 6–19% aller tödlichen Komplikationen verantwortlich gemacht [20, 41]. In der Geburtshilfe dagegen schwanken die entsprechenden Zahlen zwischen 30 und fast 50% [28, 40]. Diese Zahlen lassen sich vorbehaltlos auf die Bundesrepublik übertragen [8]. 38,1% aller anästhesiologisch bedingten Todesfälle in der Geburtshilfe wurden durch die Aspiration von Mageninhalt verursacht. In 75% kam es im Verlauf der Narkoseeinleitung vor Plazierung des Endotrachealtubus zur Aspiration. Auch Maskennarkosen stellten bei solchen Eingriffen ein bedeutsames Risiko dar.

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© 1988 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Tryba, M. (1988). Derzeitiger Stand der Prävention der Aspirationspneumonie bei geburtshilflichen Allgemeinnarkosen. In: Peter, K., Groh, J. (eds) ZAK München 1987. Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin / Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, vol 205. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73785-5_35

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73785-5_35

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-19385-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-73785-5

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