Abstract
Cytologic examination of pleural, ascitic, or pericardial effusions is mostly performed in order to establish the presence of malignancy. Reactive mesothelial cells cannot always be distinguished from malignant epithelial or mesothelial cells merely on the basis of morphological criteria. This diagnostic problem is even more severe when tumor cells are present in very low numbers. The recent advance of immunocytochemistry in cytologic diagnostics is due to the production of a number of monoclonal antibodies which might prove useful in increasing the sensitivity and specificity of cytologic diagnosis. Amongst others, several polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies directed against human milk fat globules (HMFG) or epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) have been generated and used to demonstrate the presence of (malignant) epithelial or mesothelial cells in serous effusions (To et al. 1981). Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were also raised to the frequently expressed tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). It has been claimed that the use of CEA-specific antibodies may greatly add to the diagnostic sensitivity in cytologic examination of serous effusions (Sehested et al. 1983).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Battifora H (1984) Recent progress in the immunohistochemistry of solid tumors. Semin Diagn Pathol 1:251–271
Battifora H, Koprinski MI (1985) Distinction of mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma: an immunohistochemical approach. Cancer 55: 1679–1685
Beckford U, Barbatis C, Beesley JE, Linsell JC, Chantler SM (1985) Localisation of Ca and HMFG2 antigens in breast tissue by immunoperoxidase, immunofluorescence, and immunoelectron microscopy. J Clin Pathol 38: 512–520
Corson JM, Pinkus GB (1982) Mesothelioma: profile of keratin proteins and carcinoembryonic antigen. An immunoperoxidase study of 20 cases and comparison with pulmonary adenocarcinomas. Am J Pathol 108: 80–88
Gatter KC, Alcock C, Herget A, Pulford KA, Heyderman E, Taylor-Papadimitriou J, Stein H, Mason DY (1984) The differential diagnosis of routinely processed anaplastic tumors using monoclonal antibodies. Am J Clin Pathol 82: 33–43
Hilkens J, Buijs F, Hilgers J, Hageman P, Calafat J, Sonnenberg A, Van der Valk M (1984) Monoclonal antibodies against human milk-fat globule membranes detecting differentiation antigens of the mammary gland and its tumors. Int J Cancer 34:197–206
Major P, Lavallee M, Minassian H, Kovac P, Wang N-S (1987) Ultrastructural localization of a breast tumor-associated antigen. J Histochem Cytochem 35: 375–379
Marshall RJ, Herbert A, Braye SG, Jones DB (1984) Use of antibodies to carcinoembryonic anti gen and human milk fat globule to distinguish carcinoma, mesothelioma, and reactive meso-thelium. J Clin Pathol 37: 1215–1221
Murad TM (1973) Electron microscopic studies of cells in pleural and peritoneal effusions. Acta Cytol (Baltimore) 17: 401–409
Nap M, Ten Hoor KA, Fleuren G-J (1983) Cross-reactivity with normal antigens in commercial anti-CEA sera, used for immunohistology. The need for tissue controls and absorptions. Am J Clin Pathol 79: 25–31
Said JW, Nash G, Tepper G, Banks-Schlegel S (1983) Keratin proteins and carcinoembryonic antigen in lung carcinoma: an immunoperoxidase study of fifty-four cases, with ultrastructural correlations. Hum Pathol 14: 70–76
Sehested M, Ralblejaer E, Rasmussen J (1983) Immunoperoxidase demonstration of carcinoembryonic antigen in pleural and peritoneal effusions. Acta Cytol 27: 124–127
To A, Coleman DV, Dearnaley DP, Ormerod MG, Stelle K, Neville AM (1981) Use of antisera to epithelial membrane antigen for the cytodiagnosis of malignancy in serous effusions. J Clin Pathol 34: 1326–1332
Van der Kwast TH, Versnel M, Delahaye M, De Jong A, Zondervan PE, Hoogsteden H (1988) Expression of epithelial membrane antigen on malignant mesothelioma cells. An immunocytochemical and immunoelectron microscopic study. Acta Cytol (Baltimore) 32: 169–174
Warhol MJ (1984) The ultrastructural localization of keratin proteins and carcinoembryonic antigen in malignant mesotheliomas. Am J Pathol 116: 385–390
Warhol MJ, Hickey WF, Corson JM (1982) Malignant mesothelioma: ultrastructural distinction from adenocarcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 6: 307–314
Whitaker D, Sterrett GF, Shilkin KB (1982) Detection of tissue CEA-like substance as aid in the differential diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Pathology 14: 255–258
Wolf B, Schwinde A, Thompson J, Von Kleist S (1986) Ultrastructural localization of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) on ultrathin cryosections of human tumours. Anticancer Res 6: 91–96
Zondervan PE, De Jong A, Sorber CWJ, Kok LP, De Bruijn WC, van der Kwast TH (1988) Microwave-stimulated incubation in immunoelectron microscopy. A quantitative study. Histo-chem J (in press)
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
van der Kwast, T.H., Vuzevski, V.D., Versnel, M.A., Delahaye, M., de Jong, A., Hoogsteden, H.C. (1988). Ultrastructural Localization of Epithelial Membrane Antigen and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Malignant Mesothelial and Epithelial Cells. In: Goerttler, K., Feichter, G.E., Witte, S. (eds) New Frontiers in Cytology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73596-7_40
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73596-7_40
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-73598-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-73596-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive