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Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), Crownvetch (Coronilla varia L.) and Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.)

  • Chapter
Crops II

Part of the book series: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry ((AGRICULTURE,volume 6))

Abstract

Forage legumes are universally considered to have higher feeding value than non-legumes and this, for the most part, is true. One of the main reasons why they are superior is the fact that in general they contain a higher percentage of protein and minerals than non-legumes. As a matter of fact leaves and stems of forage legumes are higher particularly in protein than other plants when they are harvested at a similar stage of maturity. Legumes not only have a higher percentage of protein, they also have high quality protein. This is of prime importance and helps greatly in obtaining high nutritive value in feeds for animals (Wheeler 1950). The quality of the protein of legumes is such to make them especially valuable as feed to supplement cereal grains lacking the proper protein for a balanced livestock feed. Besides being of special value for feed, legumes are superior for soil improvement, due to the large amount of nitrogen they are able to supply to the soil for the use of subsequent crops. In the legumes, taking nitrogen from the air is accomplished through symbiotic bacteria (Rhizobia) that develop in nodules on the roots of the legumes. These bacteria take nitrogen direct from the air as they grow and multiply in the nodule. The nitrogen in turn becomes available to the legume plant and aids its nourishment and growth. It is this symbiotic association of legumes and Rhizobia that gives legumes a distinct advantage over non-legume plants. In this chapter, in vitro culture studies on three forage legumes, i.e. Lotus corniculatus, Coronilla varia and Onobrychis viciifolia are detailed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro di Studio per il Miglioramento Genetico delle Piante Foraggere del, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06100, Perugia, Italy

    M. Pezzotti

Authors
  1. S. Arcioni
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  2. D. Mariotti
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  3. F. Damiani
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  4. M. Pezzotti
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. New Friends Colony, A-137, 110065, New Delhi, India

    Y. P. S. Bajaj

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© 1988 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Arcioni, S., Mariotti, D., Damiani, F., Pezzotti, M. (1988). Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), Crownvetch (Coronilla varia L.) and Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.). In: Bajaj, Y.P.S. (eds) Crops II. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73520-2_31

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73520-2_31

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-73522-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-73520-2

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