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Zeeman-Effekt von Ionen in Kristallen

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Einführung in die Festkörperphysik
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Zusammenfassung

Wird dem elektrischen Kristallfeld ein homogenes Magnetfeld56

$$ H = \frac{1}{2}\left( {{H_x} - i{H_y}} \right)\left( {x + iy} \right) + \frac{1}{2}\left( {{H_x} + i{H_y}} \right)\left( {x - iy} \right) + {H_z}z $$
((16.1))

(x,y,z = Einheitsvektoren) überlagert, so wird der Hamiltonoperator eines Ions zu

$$ \mathcal{H} = {\mathcal{H}_0} + \mathcal{K} + \mathcal{L} + \mathcal{D}, $$
((16.2))

wobei57

$$ \mathcal{L} = - mH $$
((16.3))

den paramagnetischen Energieanteil (die Zeeman-Energie), d. h. die potentielle oder Einstellenergie des permanenten magnetischen Momentes

$$ m = - \frac{{\mu B}}{{\rlap{--} h}}\sum\limits_{i = 1}^N {\left( {{l_i} + 2{s_i}} \right)} = - \frac{{\mu B}}{{\rlap{--} h}}\left( {L + 2S} \right) = - \frac{{\mu B}}{{\rlap{--} h}}\left( {J + S} \right) $$
((16.4))

im Feld und

$$ \mathcal{D} = \frac{1}{2}{\left( {\frac{{\mu B}}{{\rlap{--} h}}} \right)^2}\Theta {H^2} $$
((16.5))

den diamagnetischen energieanteil liefert. Dabei ist

$$ \Theta = {m_{e0}}\sum\limits_{i = 1}^N {\varrho _i^2 = {m_{e0}}} \sum\limits_{i = 1}^N {r_i^2\left[ {1 - {{\left( {\frac{{{r_i}H}}{{{r_i}H}}} \right)}^2}} \right]} $$
((16.6))

das Trägheitsmoment der N Elektronen um die Magnetfeldrichtung gemäß Abb. 161.1(m eo =Elektronenmasse).

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© 1988 Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heildelberg

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Hellwege, KH. (1988). Zeeman-Effekt von Ionen in Kristallen. In: Einführung in die Festkörperphysik. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73417-5_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73417-5_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-73418-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-73417-5

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