Abstract
There is increasing evidence to suggest that at least some types of learning are encoded in the mammalian brain by a form of synaptic plasticity that may be broadly described as Hebbian, in that underlying changes in synaptic strength occur as the result of coincident preand post-synaptic activity (Hebb, 1949; Singer, 1987; Ito, 1987). A widely-studied example of this sort of plasticity is the enduring enhancement of synaptic transmission known as long-term potentiation (LTP), which is produced with beguiling ease by the application of brief trains of high-frequency stimulation to any of the main excitatory pathways of the hippocampal formation (Bliss and Lomo, 1973; Teyler and DiScenna, 1987; Bliss and Lynch, 1988). In the last few years a concensus has developed regarding the cellular events leading to the initiation of LTP; in this view, LTP develops, in susceptible synapses, whenever there is a conjunction of synaptic activity and strong postsynaptic depolarization, conditions which allow the opening of the voltage-dependent ion channel associated with the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptor. A similar concensus on how the potentiated state is maintained has yet to emerge, with evidence for persistent changes in transmitter release and in synaptic morphology, possibly reflecting changes in protein phosphorylation, redistribution of calcium stores, and changes in protein synthesis. In this chapter we present a summary of the evidence which has led to our present understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the induction and maintenance of LTP.
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Bliss, T.V.P., Errington, M.L., Lynch, M.A. (1988). Induction and Maintenance of Long-Term Potentiation in the Hippocampus. In: Hertting, G., Spatz, HC. (eds) Modulation of Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity in Nervous Systems. NATO ASI Series, vol 19. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73160-0_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73160-0_16
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