Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Central Law and Peripheral Law

  • Chapter
Law in the Making

Abstract

The aim of these observations is to provide an overall view of the features of legislative decentralization on a territorial basis (whatever the name given to the local entities — member states, régions, regioni, Länder, comunidades autònomas, etc.) as they have developed in the principal contemporary legal systems, from the particular viewpoint of their repercussions on the law-making process and, more generally, on the sources of law system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. See, for example, R. Bowie, C. J. Friedrich (eds.), Studies in Federalism, Boston, 1954; M. J. C. Vile, Federalism in U.S. Canada and Australia, London, 1973; M. Bothe, Die Kompetenzstruktur des modernen Bundesstaates in rechtvergleichender Sicht, Berlin, 1977; E. Garcia de Enterría (ed.), La distribucciòn de las competencias econòmicas entre il poder central y las autonomías territoriales en el Derecho Comparado y en la Constituciòn espan`ola, Madrid, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  2. See K. C. Wheare, The Federal Government, London, 1946

    Google Scholar 

  3. On Italian regionalization, see L. Paladin, Diritto regionale,Padua, 1985, p. 7 and Le Regioni oggi, in Le Regioni, 1985, p. 7

    Google Scholar 

  4. See K. Hesse, Der unitarische Bundesstaat, Karlsruhe, 1962

    Google Scholar 

  5. See K. Stern, Das Staatsrecht der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Munich, 1977, I, p. 592ff. and G. Kisker, Neuordnung des bundesstaatlichen Kompetenzgefüges und Bund-Länder Planung, in Der Staat, 1975, 2, p. 169

    Google Scholar 

  6. See, from differing points of view, C. J. Friedrich, Constitutional Government and Democracy, Boston, 1950, and F. L. Neumann, Federalism and Freedom: a Critique, in A. W. Macmahon (ed.), Federalism: Mature and Emergent, New York, 1962, p. 44

    Google Scholar 

  7. The critique - referring to the Italian framers of ‘47 - was made by M. S. Giannini, Del lavare la testa all’asino, in A. Barbera, F. Bassanini (eds.), I nuovi poteri delle regioni e degli enti locali, Bologna, 1978, p. 7

    Google Scholar 

  8. Cf. L. Vandelli, I Comuni e le Province, in S. Bartole, F. Mastragostino and L. Vandelli, Le autonomie territoriali, Bologna, 1984, p. 218 and P. Legendre, Histoire de l’administration de 1750 à nos jours, Paris, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  9. See E. Schmidt-Jortzig, Die Einrichtungsgarantien der Verfassung, Göttingen, 1979 and L. Parejo, Garantìa institucional y autonomias locales, Madrid, 1981

    Google Scholar 

  10. See, for a general survey, Y. Meny (ed.), Dix ans de régionalisation en Europe. Bilan et perspectives, Paris, 1982 and B. De Witte, La pluralité ethnique et l’autonomie culturelle. Etude comparative, in Y. Meny (ed.), Centres et périphéries: le partage du pouvoir, Paris, 1982, p. 7

    Google Scholar 

  11. For a broad overview and a complete bibliography, see M. Cappelletti, M. Seccombe and J. Weiler (eds.), Integration through Law. Europe and the American Federal Experience,Berlin-New York, 1986, Vol. I, Books 1, 2 and 3

    Google Scholar 

  12. See C. Mortati, Le forme di governo,Padua, 1973, p. 222ff. and B. Mirkine Guetzevitch, Les constitutions européennes, Paris, 1951, p. 15ff.

    Google Scholar 

  13. See, in particular, R. Dahl, Pluralist Democracy in the U.S. Conflict and Consent, Chicago, 1967, p. 326; contra D. Elazar, American Federalism: a View from the States, New York, 1984

    Google Scholar 

  14. See, from different points of view, J. L. Sundqvist, D. W. Davis, Making Federalism work, Washington (D.C.), 1969; D. B. Walker, Toward a functioning Federalism, Boston, 1981; M. D. Reagan, J. G. Sanzone, The New Federalism, New York, 1981

    Google Scholar 

  15. See Y. Meny, Crises,régions et modernisation de l’Etat, in Pouvoirs, 19 (1981), p. 5 and G. Bognetti, Le Regioni in Europa: alcune riflessioni sui loro problemi e sul loro destino, in Le Regioni, 1984, p. 1087

    Google Scholar 

  16. See M. S. Giannini, Autonomia (Teoria generale e diritto pubblico),in Enciclopedia del Diritto, (IV), Milan, 1959, p. 365

    Google Scholar 

  17. See G. Ambrosini, Un tipo intermedio di Stato fra l’unitario e il federale caratterizzato dall’autonomia regionale, in Rivista di Diritto Pubblico, 1933, p. 165: this theory presupposed the idea of a clear contrast between unitary state and federal state, typical of French scholars in the interwar period: see, for example, L. Duguit, Traité de droit constitutionnel, Paris, 1923 2, III, p. 57

    Google Scholar 

  18. See, for example, G. Burdeau, Traité de science politique (II, L’Etat), Paris, 1967, p. 386

    Google Scholar 

  19. On the concept offédéralisme rationalisé, see B. Mirkine Guetzevitch, Les nouvelles tendances du droit constitutionnel, Paris, 1936, p. 20ff.

    Google Scholar 

  20. For a general survey, see S. Varela, El problema regional en la Segunda Republica espanola, Madrid, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  21. See H. Kelsen, Allgemeine Staatslehre, Berlin, 1925, p. 165ff.; on the alternating fortunes of this conception, see T. Öhlinger, Der Bundesstaat zwischen reiner Rechtslehre und Verfassungsrealität,Vienna, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  22. See, for example, A. Macmahon, Federation, in Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences (V-VI), New York, 1951, p. 172ff., and K. C. Wheare, Modern Constitutions, London, 1951, p. 1ff.

    Google Scholar 

  23. See J. L. Kunz, Une nouvelle théorie de l’Etat federal, in Revue de droit international et de legislation comparée, 1931, 1, p. 140

    Google Scholar 

  24. L. H. Tribe, American Constitutional Law, Mineola, 1978, p. 2

    Google Scholar 

  25. See M. Imboden, Die staatsrechtliche Bedeutung des Grundsatzes “Bundesrecht bricht kantonales Recht”, in Revue de Droit Suisse, 1942, p. 203. The difference lies in the fact that the former are of a “concrete” nature while the latter are “abstract”, with all the ensuing consequences; see A. Pizzorusso, I sistemi di giustizia costituzionale: dai modelli alla prassi, in Quaderni Costituzionali, 1982, p. 521

    Google Scholar 

  26. The definition was made by B. Schwartz, A Basic History of the U.S. Supreme Court, Princeton, 1968, p. 27

    Google Scholar 

  27. See A. Auer, La juridiction constitutionnelle en Suisse, Basel-Frankfurt a.M., 1983

    Google Scholar 

  28. For this theory, see R. Smend, Verfassung und Verfassungsrecht, Berlin, 1928; see also the critical reply of H. Kelsen, Der Staat als Integration. Eine prinzipielle Auseinandersetzung, Vienna, 1930

    Google Scholar 

  29. H. Lasky, The Obsolescence of Federalism, in The New Republic, 5 May 1939, p. 367

    Google Scholar 

  30. See, for example, K. Lowenstein, The Value of Constitutions in Our Revolutionary Age, in A. Zurcher (ed.), Constitutions and Constitutional Trends since World War II, New York, 1955, p. 211

    Google Scholar 

  31. For Spain, see E. Aja, J. Tornos, T. Font, J. M. Perulles, E. Alberti’, El sistema juridico de las Comunidades Autònomas, Madrid, 1985, p. 142ff., 173ff. and 393ff.; for Belgium see J. M. van Bol, Les matiéres communautaires et régionales, in Journal des Tribunaux, 1981, p. 640

    Google Scholar 

  32. For the description of this phenomenon, from politological and juridical points of view respectively, see, for Italy, B. Dente, Governare la frammentazione, Bologna, 1985, and C. Desideri, L. Torchia, I raccordi tra Stato e Regioni, Milan, 1986 and, for West Germany, F. W. Scharpf, B. Reissert and F. Schnabel, Politikverflechtung• Theorie and Empine des koopera-

    Google Scholar 

  33. See L. Elia, Giustizia costituzionale e poteri legislativi decentrati, in Scritti in onore di C. Mortati, Milan, 1977, IV, p. 355ff.

    Google Scholar 

  34. See A. Pizzorusso, Delle fonti del diritto, in A. Scialoia, G. Branca (eds.), Commentario del codice civile, Bologna-Rome, 1977, p. 103ff. and G. Zagrebelsky, II sistema costituzionale delle fonti del diritto, Turin, 1984, p. 48ff.

    Google Scholar 

  35. For some examples of decisions made by European constitutional courts on this subject, see German Bundesverfassungsgericht decs. 1. 12. 1954 n.11 and 28. 11. 1973 n.19, and Italian Corte costituzionale dec. 26. 5. 1981 n.70

    Google Scholar 

  36. For some examples of this trend, see Spanish Tribunal constitucional decs. 28. 7. 1981 and 28. 4. 1982 n.32; German Bundesverfassungsgericht 22. 4. 1953 n.16 and 29. 11. 1961 n.22, n.23; Italian Corte costituzionale, dec. 29. 4. 1982 n.83

    Google Scholar 

  37. For an attempt at an economic analysis of decentralized functions, see, for example, A. Breton, A. Scott, The Economic Constitution of Federal State, Toronto, 1978, p. 10ff.; see also, for a comparison with a European regional state, S. Cassese, La regionalizzazione economica in Italia: un sistema alla ricerca di un equilibrio, in Le Regioni, 1984, p. 9

    Google Scholar 

  38. But even in this first case, the “bilateral” or pseudo-international nature does not automatically give rise to the supremacy of these sources over primary sources of Oberstaat and Gliedstaaten; on the difficulties of including such sources in the sources of law system, see A. Pizzorusso, Gli accordi tra i diversi livelli di governo: rapporti tra fonti normative e modelli convenzionali, S. Bartole, Gli accordi tra Stato e Regioni e tra Regioni, T. Öhlinger, Considerazioni critiche sulla prassi della cooperazione per accordi tra Federazione e Länder e tra Länder in Austria, G. Kisker, Riflessioni critiche sulla prassi della cooperazione per accordi tra il governo federale e i Länder e fra i Länder nella RFT, in Problemi di Amministrazione Pubblica. Commenti della Rivista, 2 (1986), p. 17ff. On the experience of the Swiss concordats, see H. Kehrli, Interkantonales Konkordatsrecht, Bern, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  39. See, for example, H. Wechsler, The Political Safeguards of Federalism: the Role of the States in the Composition and Selection of the National Government, in A. Macmahon, Federalism, cit., p. 97ff. and J. H. Choper, Judicial Review and the National Political Process,Chicago-London, 1980, p. 171ff.

    Google Scholar 

  40. See, for example, G. Kisker, Kooperation, cit., p. 281

    Google Scholar 

  41. See L. Paladin, Conclusioni, in Problemi di Amministrazione Pubblica, cit., p. 133ff.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. P. Carrozza
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Piazza San Martino 3, I-56100, Pisa, Italy

    Alessandro Pizzorusso

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Carrozza, P. (1988). Central Law and Peripheral Law. In: Pizzorusso, A. (eds) Law in the Making. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73052-8_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73052-8_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-73054-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-73052-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation