Abstract
The permanently increasing intensity of mutation research requires effective methods for discerning the action of mutant genes. A reliable but time-consuming method in higher plants is the evaluation of mutants, mostly of chlorophyll deficient ones, in the M2 generation. A considerable advantage in this respect is a test system in which the extent of genetic damage can be evaluated already in M. Not generative, but so-matic mutations are evaluated. The system has been developed in soybeans in combination with EMS (ethyl methanesulfonate) treatment (Fujit and Tano 1986), but it can certainly also be used in other plant species. Another very efficient system uses the formation of micronuclei from damaged chromosomes as a parameter for discerning the mutagenicity of substances. This system has been developed in Tradescantia specifically for testing gaseous or liquid forms of chemical and physical agents. Pollen mother cells in cuttings of young inflorescences, which are maintained in nutrient solution, are cytologically evaluated after treatment with the respective agents. In this way, a great number of different agents can be tested within a short time (Trad-MCN test; MA etal. 1984). A “chromosome image analyzing system”, developed by FUKUI (1986), works authomatically and digitizes the information on chromosome structure for analyzing them. By means of this method, the karyogram of Secale cereale could be obtained within 25 min.
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Gottschalk, W. (1987). Mutation: Higher Plants. In: Behnke, HD., Esser, K., Kubitzki, K., Runge, M., Ziegler, H. (eds) Progress in Botany. Progress in Botany/Fortschritte der Botanik, vol 49. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73023-8_13
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