Abstract
The biological activity of a drug determined in vitro (e.g., the minimal inhibitory concentration) is a parameter decisive in determining the effect of antituberculotics on mycobacteria in a disease focus. Knowledge of the mode of action yields further therapeutically important information, such as whether intervention of the agent in the bacterial metabolism has any serious consequences or whether the damage is reversible within limits, depending on concentration or time. In addition, the risk of the development of resistance and the incidence of certain side effects in the host organism can be assessed, though it is currently possible only to a moderate extent to derive a proposal for a useful combination therapy on the basis of the mode of action of the drugs in question (Table 1).
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Abbreviations
- SM:
-
streptomycin
- TSC:
-
thiacetazone, thiosemicarbazone
- PAS:
-
p-aminosalicylic acid
- INH:
-
isoniazid
- PZA:
-
pyrazinamide
- CS:
-
d-cycloserine
- TC:
-
tetracyclines
- KM:
-
kanamycin
- DATC:
-
dithiocarbanilide, thiocarlide
- VM:
-
viomycin
- ETH/PTH:
-
ethionamide, protionamide
- EMB:
-
ethambutol
- CM:
-
capreomycin
- RMP:
-
rifampicin
- ATP:
-
adenosine triphosphate
- -(P):
-
-phosphate
- Glu-6-(P):
-
glucose-6-phosphate
- Glu-1-(P):
-
glucose-1-phosphate
- Fru-6-(P):
-
fructose-6-phosphate
- NAD:
-
nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide
- m-RNA:
-
messenger-RNA
- t-RNA:
-
transfer-RNA
- MIC:
-
minimal inhibitory concentration
- t50% :
-
half-life
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Iwainsky, H. (1988). Mode of Action, Biotransformation and Pharmacokinetics of Antituberculosis Drugs in Animals and Man. In: Bartmann, K. (eds) Antituberculosis Drugs. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 84. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72873-0_6
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