Abstract
In 1961, Enhörning (1961) was the first to study the urethral closure mechanism by simultaneous recording of intravesical and intraurethral pressures. He found a substantial rise in intraurethral pressure during stress and concluded that this may derive from both, transmission of the intra-abdominal pressure to the urethra and contraction of the striated sphinteric muscles. These assumptions were substantiated with animal experiments by Thüroff et al. (1982a) and Heidler et al. (this volume). According to these experiments, the passive mechanism of transmission of the intra-abdominal pressure to the urethra, which is most effective at the level of the bladder neck and faints gradually distally, is complemented by an active stress mechanism at the level of the external urethral sphincter. This active mechanism plays an important role for urethral closure under stress conditions and derives from reflex contraction of the striated intramural and periurethral external sphincter muscles (Heidler 1986).
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Thüroff, J.W., Casper, F., Heidler, H. (1987). Pelvic Floor Stress Response: Reflex Contraction with Pressure Transmission to the Urethra. In: Jacobi, G.H., Rübben, H., Harzmann, R. (eds) Investigative Urology 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72735-1_19
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72735-1_19
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