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Psyche und Verdauungstrakt

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Funktionelle Störungen des Verdauungstrakts

Part of the book series: Interdisziplinäre Gastroenterologie ((GASTROENTEROLOG))

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Zusammenfassung

Die motorische und sekretorische Aktivität des Verdauungstrakts wird weithin als von psychischen Faktoren wesentlich mitbestimmt erachtet. Darüber hinaus wurde und wird angenommen, daß Störungen der normalen Funktion auf unangemessene Reaktionen des Organismus gegenüber belastenden oder „stressenden“ Ereignissen, auf eine bestimmte Persönlichkeitsstruktur oder auf unbewußte Konflikte im Patienten zurückgeführt werden können. So wurden etwa das als Globus hystericus inkriminierte Globusgefühl, die als Kardiospasmus verkannte Achalasie, die Ulkuskrankheit, die Gastritis, die Colitis ulcerosa und das Syndrom des irritablen Kolons als „funktionelle“ oder „psychosomatische“ Störungen und Erkrankungen angesehen. Die wissenschaftliche Basis für diese Annahmen ist jedoch sehr schmal und wackelig, und fast alle Daten, die sie zu unterstützen schienen, kamen von unkontrollierten Beobachtungen an sehr kleinen Patientenkollektiven oder gar an Einzelpersonen. Die gezogenen Schlüsse gingen überdies weit über die erhobenen Fakten hinaus. Behauptungen, daß es klare Beziehungen zwischen psychischen Belastungen und dem Einsetzen einer Erkrankung einerseits sowie dem Aufhören oder der Bewältigung solcher Belastungen und der Remission der Krankheit andererseits gebe, konnten nicht durch harte Daten untermauert werden.

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  1. Allgemeines Krankenhaus, Siemensplatz 4, D-3100, Celle, Deutschland

    Jürgen Hotz

  2. Krankenhaus Nordwest, Steinbacher Hohl 2-26, D-6000, Frankfurt/M. 90, Deutschland

    Wolfgang Rösch

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Stacher, G. (1987). Psyche und Verdauungstrakt. In: Hotz, J., Rösch, W. (eds) Funktionelle Störungen des Verdauungstrakts. Interdisziplinäre Gastroenterologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72680-4_10

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