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Suppression of MHC Class I Antigen Presentation by Human Adenoviruses

  • Chapter
Book cover Antigen Presentation

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 232))

Abstract

Adenoviruses are ubiquitous double-stranded DNA viruses that can infect the epithelial surfaces of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts (Shenk 1996). Once adenovirus has infected the epithelial surface, it is internalized and uncoated. Its DNA is transported to the nucleus, where it is transcribed. The genes of adenovirus can be divided into early and late transcription units depending on whether they are transcribed before (early) or after (late) the onset of viral DNA replication. The first gene to be expressed is E1A. It produces two alternatively spliced products, 289R and 243R. These products activate transcription of other adenovirus genes as well as both up- and downregulating host cell transcription. One cassette of genes that is activated by E1A is early region 3 (E3). These genes had been deemed “nonessential” because they are not required for viral replication in vitro. Other early-region proteins activated by E1A are E1B (which is involved in viral mRNA transport into the nucleus), E2 (which is involved in viral DNA replication), and E4 (which is associated with virion assembly). Following the onset of viral DNA replication, the late genes are transcribed and translated. These proteins are the structural proteins of the nucleocapsid which are synthesized in the cytoplasm and transported into the nucleus for virion assembly. Virions are released via an unknown mechanism and result in lysis of the cell.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. St. Mary’s Medical School, Respiratory Medicine, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK

    Tim E. Sparer

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA

    Linda R. Gooding

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  1. Tim E. Sparer
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  1. Department of Neuropharmacology, CVN-9, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA

    J. Lindsay Whitton M.D., Ph.D. (Associate Professor) (Associate Professor)

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Sparer, T.E., Gooding, L.R. (1998). Suppression of MHC Class I Antigen Presentation by Human Adenoviruses. In: Whitton, J.L. (eds) Antigen Presentation. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 232. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72045-1_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72045-1_7

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