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Measurement of Opioid Peptides in Biologic Fluids by Radioimmunoassay

  • Chapter
Radioimmunoassay in Basic and Clinical Pharmacology

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 82))

Abstract

During the past decade, a large family of peptides with opioid activity has been described. These peptides, also termed endorphins (an acronym for endogenous morphine) have attracted interest as alleged neurotransmitters, as neurohormones, and as hormones, particularly within the hypothalamic — pituitary — adrenal axis. These compounds have chemical homology in the NH2 terminal sequence Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-(Met or Leu), which forms the part of the molecule which is critical for opioid activity, and chemical heterogeneity in the COOH terminal sequences, which may contribute to receptor affinity and selectivity of interaction between opiate receptor types. A rather bewildering chemical complexity among these peptides is due to the fact that they derive from three distinct prohormones, each with a unique distribution in different cell types and neuronal pathways: proopiomelanocortin (with ß-endorphin), proenkephalin A (with seven enkephalin core sequences), and proenkephalin B (with three different dynorphin peptides); (Table 1 see also Sect. B).

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  1. F. Nyberg
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  2. I. Christensson-Nylander
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  3. L. Terenius
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Pharmacology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, I-00168, Rome, Italy

    Carlo Patrono (Professor of Molecular Pharmacology) (Professor of Molecular Pharmacology)

  2. Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr-University Bochum Im Lottental, P.O. Box 102148, D-4630, Bochum 1, Germany

    Bernhard A. Peskar (Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology) (Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology)

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Nyberg, F., Christensson-Nylander, I., Terenius, L. (1987). Measurement of Opioid Peptides in Biologic Fluids by Radioimmunoassay. In: Patrono, C., Peskar, B.A. (eds) Radioimmunoassay in Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 82. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71809-0_10

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