The Kinematical Theory of Scattering of Electrons by Crystals. Intensity of Diffraction Reflections

Abstract

Electrons are negatively charged particles having a wave-like nature. Electrons traveling with a velocity u are characterized by a wavelength λ which is related to the impulse p = mu of electrons as

$$\lambda \, = \,h/mu$$

. Due to relativistic effects, the mass of a moving electron m as compared to its rest mass m0 is described by the equation

$$m = \frac{{{m_0}}}{{{{\left( {1 - {u^2}/{c^2}} \right)}^{1/2}}}} = \frac{{{m_0}}}{{{{\left( {1 - {\beta ^2}} \right)}^{1/2}}}}$$

, where β= u/ c and c is the velocity of light.