Technical Prerequisites for the Evaluation of Breast Microcalcifications

Abstract

The early diagnosis of breast cancer is based upon the radiographic visualization of microstructures on the mammogram. Extremely small fibrotic structures and microcalcifications are each of fundamental importance in this process. Almost half (43%-49%) of clinically occult breast carcinomas are detected from the presence of microcalcifications, 21% of which are less than 0.25 mm in size; many are no larger than 0.1 mm (FRIEDRICH 1983; FRISCHBIER and LOHBECK 1977; LANYI 1977b). But accurate diagnosis hinges not just on the perception of these fine calcium particles, but also on their correct interpretation. Only by a meticulous analysis of the shapes of individual calcifications and their clusters is it possible to differentiate definitely benign clusters from those that are definitely malignant or suspicious. Thus, optimum image quality is a critical factor in both the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of breast microcalcifications.