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Morphological Markers in Neuro-Oncology

  • Chapter
Book cover Morphological Tumor Markers

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Pathology ((CT PATHOLOGY,volume 77))

Abstract

Like many other morphological disciplines, surgical neuropathology has been greatly advanced by the introduction of immunohistochemical methods. The assessment of antigenic marker proteins in nervous system tumors has generally led to a higher level of diagnostic accuracy. Although the spectrum of available antibodies with proven diagnostic usefulness is still limited, some previously difficult differential diagnoses have become less troublesome and ambiguous (BONNIN and RUBINSTEIN 1984). This is particularly true for the distinction of gliomas and embryonal CNS tumors from metastatic lesions of epithelial and mesenchymal origin, as well as from malignant lymphomas. In addition, immunocytochemistry has expanded our knowledge of the origin of some human brain tumors with a re-evaluation of several entities, the histogenesis and classification of which had been disputed for decades (ZÜLCH 1979) due to the lack of reliable histomorphological criteria. Thus, the identification of abundant glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in most giant cells of the ‘monstrocellular sarcoma’ has led to its re-classification as giant cell glioblastoma with a sarcoma-tous component, i.e., a variant of the glioblastoma. The presence of numerous GFAP positive cells in superficially located cerebral neoplasms of young adults previously classified as malignant mesenchymal tumors, has allowed the identification of a new and now widely acknowledged tumor type, the pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (KEPES et al. 1979; GRANT and GALLAGHER 1986).

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  1. P. Kleihues
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  2. M. Kiessling
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  3. R. C. Janzer
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  1. Institut für Pathologie, Universität Hamburg, Martinistraße 52, D-2000, UKE, Hamburg 20, Germany

    Gerhard Seifer

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Kleihues, P., Kiessling, M., Janzer, R.C. (1987). Morphological Markers in Neuro-Oncology. In: Seifer, G. (eds) Morphological Tumor Markers. Current Topics in Pathology, vol 77. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71356-9_13

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