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Joint Ordination of Species and Sites: The Unfolding Technique

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Develoments in Numerical Ecology

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASIG,volume 14))

Abstract

Several different methods of gradient analysis, including correspondence analysis and Gaussian ordination, can be characterized as unfolding methods. These techniques are applicable whenever single-peaked response functions are at issue, either with respect to known environmental characteristics or else with respect to data driven reorderings of the sites. Unfolding gives a joint respresentation of the site/species relationships in terms of the distance between two types of points, the location of which can be constrained in various ways. A classification based on loss functions is given, as well as a convergent algorithm for the weighted least squares case.

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  1. Department of Data Theory, University of Leiden, Middelstegracht 4, 2312 TW, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Willem J. Heiser

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  1. Département de Sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. A, H3C 3J7, Montréal, Québec, Canada

    Pierre Legendre

  2. Département de Biologie, Université Laval, G1K 7P4, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada

    Louis Legendre

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Heiser, W.J. (1987). Joint Ordination of Species and Sites: The Unfolding Technique. In: Legendre, P., Legendre, L. (eds) Develoments in Numerical Ecology. NATO ASI Series, vol 14. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70880-0_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70880-0_5

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