Skip to main content

Immunotoxicity of Cadmium

  • Chapter
Cadmium

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 80))

Abstract

During the past decade, a number of chemicals and drugs have been shown to alter immune functions inadvertently in animals and human beings. In fact, the immune system has been shown to be exquisitely affected at low levels of exposure to certain environmental toxicants before any other toxicologic manifestations are evident. The perturbation of immune responses by exogenous chemicals and drugs is not surprising considering the complex nature and delicate balances controlling these reactions. These types of immunomodulating effects have led government agencies and private industry to consider the incorporation of immuno-toxicologic profiles into standard toxicologic assessment protocols for drugs and chemicals.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Baiter N, Kaweki ME, Gingold B, Gray I (1982) Modification of skin-graft rejection and acceptance by low concentrations of cadmium in drinking water of mice. J Toxicol Environ Health 10:433–439

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berche P, Simonet M, Thevenin M, Fauchere JL, Prat JJ, Veron M (1980) Susceptibility of mice to bacterial infections after chronic exposure to cadmium. Ann Microbiol 131B:145–151

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bouley G, Chaumard C, Quero A-M, Girard F, Bouden E (1982) Opposite effects of inhaled cadmium micropartieles on mouse susceptibility to an airborne bacterial and an airborne viral infection. Sci Total Environ 23:185–188

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bozelka BE, Burkholder PM (1979) Increased mortality of cadmium-intoxicated mice infected with the BCG strain of Mycobacterium bovis. J Reticuloendothel Soc 26:229–347

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bozelka BE, Burkholder PM, Chang LW (1978) Cadmium, a metallic inhibitor of anti-body-mediated immunity in mice. Environ Res 17:390–402

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Castranova V, Bowman L, Reason M J, Miles PR (1980) Effects of heavy metal ions on selected oxidative metabolic processes in rat alveolar macrophages. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 53:14–23

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cay BS (1981) The effect of cadmium on lymphocyte transformation. J Am Vet Med Assoc 36:143–147

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cook J A, Marconi EA, Diluzio NR (1974) Lead, cadmium, endotoxin interaction: effecton mortality and hepatic function. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 28:292–302

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cook J A, Hoffman EO, Diluzio NR (1975) Influence of lead and cadmium on the suscep-tibility of rats to bacterial challenge. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 150:741–747

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Exon JH, Patton NM, Koller LD (1975) Hexamitiasis in cadmium exposed mice. Arch En-viron Health 31:463–464

    Google Scholar 

  • Exon JH, Koller LD, Kerkvliet NI (1979) Lead-cadmium interaction: effect on viral-in-duced mortality and tissue residues in mice. Arch Environ Health 34:469–475

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Exon JH, Koller LD, Kerkvliet NI (1985) Tissue residues, pathology and viral-induced mortality in mice chronically 6exposed to different cadmium salts. J Environ Pathol Toxicol (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fujimaki H, Murakami M, Kubota K (1982) In vitro evaluation of cadmium-induced alteration of the antibody response. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 62:288–293

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gainer JH (1977 a) Effects of heavy metals and of deficiency of zinc on mortality rates in mice infected with encephalomyocarditis virus. Am J Vet Res 38:869–872

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gainer JH (1977 b) Effects on interferon of heavy metal excess and zinc deficiency. Am J Vet Res 38:863–867

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher KE, Gray I (1982) Cadmium inhibition on RNA metabolism in murine lymphocytes. J Immunopharmacol 3:339–361

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher K, Mattarazzo WJ, Gray I (1979) Trace metal modification of immunocompetence: II. Effect of Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cr3+ on RNA turnover, hexokinase activity, and blastogenesis during B lymphocyte transformation in vitro. Clin Immun Immunopathol 13:369–377

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaworski CL, Sharma RP (1978) The effects of heavy metals 3H-thymidine uptake in lymphocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 46:305–313

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graham JA, Gardner DE, Water MD, Coffin DC (1975) Effect of trace metals on phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages. Infect Immun 11:1278–1283

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graham J A, Miller FJ, Daniel MJ, Payne EA, Gardner DE (1978) Influence of cadmium, nickel, and chromium on primary immunity in mice. Environ Res 16:77–87

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gray I, Arrieh M, Baiter NJ (1982) Cadmium modification of the response in Balb/c mice to MOPC-104E tumor. Arch Environ Health 37:342–345

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg SR (1980) Fluorescent studies on the potential existence of vascular metallic immune complexes. Arch Environ Health 35:148–151

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hadley JG, Gardner DE, Coffin DL, Menzel DB (1977) Inhibition of antibody-mediated rosette formation by alveolar macrophages: a sensitive assay for metal toxicity. J Reticuloendothel Soc 22:417–425

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hill CH (1979) Dietary influences on resistance to Salmonella infection in chicks. Fed Proc 38:2129–2133

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones RH, Williams RL, Jones AM (1971) Effects of heavy metals on the immune response. Preliminary findings for cadmium in rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 137:1231–1236

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Joshi BC, Dwivedi C, Powell A, Holscher M (1981) Immune complex nephritis in rats in-duced by long term oral exposure to cadmium. J Comp Pathol 91:11–15

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kastelan M, Gerencer M, Kastelan A, Gamulin S (1981) Inhibition of mitogen and specific antigen-induced human proliferation by cadmium. Exp Cell Biol 49:15–19

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kerkvliet NI, Koller LD, Baecher LG, Brauner J A (1979) Effect of cadmium exposure on primary tumor growth and cell-mediated cytotoxicity in mice bearing MSB-6 sarcomas. J Natl Cancer Inst 63:479–485

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kiremidjian-Schumacher L, Stotzky G, Dickstein RA, Schwartz J (1981a) Influence of cadmium, lead, and zinc on the ability of guinea pig macrophages to interact with macrophage inhibitory factor. Environ Res 24:106–116

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kiremidjian-Schumacher L, Stotzky G, Likhite V, Schwartz J, Dickstein RA (1981b) Influence of cadmium, lead and zinc on the ability of sensitized guinea pig lymphocytes to interact with specific antigen and to produce lymphokines. Environ Res 24:96–105

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knutson DW, Vredevoe DL, Aoki KR, Havs EJ, Levy L (1980) Cadmium and the reticuloendothelial system (RES): a specific defect in blood clearance of soluble aggregates of IgG by the liver in mice given cadmium. Immunology 40:17–26

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kojima A, Tamuar SI (1981) Acute effects of cadmium on delayed-type hypersensitivity in mice. Jpn J Med Sci Biol 34:281–291

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koller LD (1973) Immunosuppression produced by lead, cadmium and mercury. Am J Vet Res 34:1457–1458

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koller LD, Brauner JA (1977) Decreased B cell response after exposure to lead and cadmium. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 42:621–624

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koller LD, Roan JG (1977) Effects of lead and cadmium on mouse peritoneal macrophages. J Reticuloendothel Soc 21:7–12

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koller LD, Roan JG (1980 a) Effects of lead, cadmium and methylmercury on immunological memory. J Environ Pathol Toxicol 4:47–52

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koller LD, Roan JG (1980 b) Response of lymphocytes from lead, cadmium and methyl-mercury-exposed mice in the mixed lymphocyte culture. J Environ Pathol Toxicol 4:393–398

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koller LD, Exon JH, Roan JG (1975) Antibody suppression by cadmium. Arch Environ Health 30:598–601

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koller LD, Roan JG, Exon JH (1976) Humoral antibody response in mice after exposure to lead or cadmium. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 151:339–342

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koller LD, Roan JG, Kerkvliet NI (1979) Mitogen stimulation of lymphocytes in CBA mice exposed to lead and cadmium. Environ Res 19:177–188

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence DA (1981) Heavy metal modulation of lymphocyte activities. I. In vitro effects of heavy metals on primary humoral immune responses. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 57:439–451

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loose LD, Silkworth JB, Warrington D (1977) Cadmium-induced depression of the respiratory burst in mouse pulmonary alveolar macrophages, peritoneal macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 79:326–332

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loose LD, Silkworth JB, Simpson DW (1978 a) Influence of cadmium on the phagocytic and microbial activity of murine peritoneal macrophages, pulmonary alveolar macrophages, and polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Infect Immun 22:378–381

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loose LD, Silkworth JB, Warrington D (1978 b) Cadmium-induced phagocyte cytotoxic-ity. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 20:582–588

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muller S, Gillert K-E, Krause CH, Jautzke G, Gross U, Diamantstein T (1978) Effects of cadmium on the immune system of mice. Experentia 35:909–910

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson DJ, Kiremidjian-Schumacher L, Stotzky G (1982) Effects of cadmium, lead and zinc on macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity toward tumor cells. Environ Res 28:154–163

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohsawa M, Kawai K (1981) Cytological shift in lymphocytes induced by cadmium in mice and rats. Environ Res 24:192–200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shenker BJ, Matarazzo WJ, Hirsch RL, Gray I (1977) Trace metal modification of immunocompetence. I. Effect of trace metals in the cultures on in vitro transformation of B lymphocytes. Cell Immunol 34:19–24

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki M, Simizu B, Yabe S, Oya A, Seta H (1981) Effect of Japanese encephalitis virus infection in mice. I. Acute and single dose exposure experiments. Toxicol Lett 9:231–235

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vigliani EC (1969) The biopathology of cadmium. J Am Ind Hyg Assoc 30:329

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamada YK, Shimizu F, Kawamure R, Kubota K (1981) Thymic atrophy in mice induced by cadmium administration. Toxicol Lett 8:49–55

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1986 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Exon, J.H., Koller, L.D. (1986). Immunotoxicity of Cadmium. In: Foulkes, E.C. (eds) Cadmium. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 80. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70856-5_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70856-5_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-70858-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-70856-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics