Abstract
The role of the central nervous system (CNS) in the modulation of homeostatic mechanisms and the aging process especially in mammals, has been well investigated by several authors (Blumenthal 1970, Ordy and Brizzee 1975, Hoffmeister and Müller 1979, Samorajski 1980, Buschmann 1982, Hoyer 1982, Frolkis et al. 1984). In insects the crucial role of the CNS in developmental processes is well established; however, it is an open question whether the brain also governs the aging processes.
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Babers FH, Pratt JJ (1950) Studies on the resistance of insects to insecticides I. Cholinesterase in house flies (Musca domestica) resistant to DDT. Physiol Zool 23:58–63
Becker HW (1965) The number of neurons, glial and perineurium cells in an insect ganglion. Experientia 21:719
Bieber M, Fuldner D (1979) Brain growth during the adult stage of a holometabolous insect. Naturwissenschaften 66:426
Blumenthal HT (1970) The regulatory role of the nervous system in aging. Interdiscip Top Gerontol 7:1
Brandt E (1879) Vergleichend-anatomische Untersuchungen des Nervensystems der Käfer (Coleoptera). Horae Soc Entomol Ross 15:31–101
Burrows M (1980) Principles of organization of insect central nervous systems. In: Sherwood (ed) Insect neurobiology and pesticide action. Soc Chem Industry, London, p 5
Buschmann MBT (1982) Brain structure and its implication in metabolism in aging: a review. Clin Nutr 36:759
Cheng EY, Cutkomp LK (1972) Aging in the honeybee Apis mellifera, as related to brain ATPases and their DDT sensitivity. J Insect Physiol 18:2285–2291
Clark AM, Rockstein M (1964) Aging in insects. In: Rockstein M (ed) The physiology of insecta, vol 1. Academic Press, London New York, p 227
Clement EM, Strang RHC (1978) A comparison of some aspects of the physiology and metabolism of the nervous system of the locust Schistocerca gregaria in vitro with those in vivo. J Neurochem 31:135–145
Collatz K-G, Collatz S (1981) Age dependent ultrastructural changes in different organs of the mecopteran fly, Panorpa vulgaris. Exp Gerontol 26:183–193
Collatz K-G, Stammler G, Wilps H, Mehler L (1981) Programmed loss of flight ability in the early adult life of the blowfly Phormia terrae novae as a possible mechanism of intraspecific niche building with respect to the duration of life. Comp Biochem Physiol 68A:571–577
Evans PD (1978) Octopamine distribution in the insect nervous system. J Neurochem 30:1009–1013
Farrell S, Kuhlenbeck H (1964) Preliminary computation of the number of cellular elements in some insect brains. Anat Rec 148:369–370
Frolkis VV, Tanin SA, Martynenko OA, Bogatskaya LN, Bezrukov VV (1984) Aging of the neurons. Interdiscip Top Gerontol 18:1–28
Fyg W (1979) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Altersveränderungen im Nervensystem und in anderen inneren Organen der Bienenkönigin (Apis mellifera L.). Apidologie 10:115–128
Goossen H (1951) Untersuchungen an Gehirnen verschieden großer, jeweils verwandter Coleopteren- und Hymenopterenarten. Zool Jahrb 62:1–64
Hansemann D von (1914) Über Alterserscheinungen bei Bazillus rossii Fabr. Sitzungsber Ges Naturforsch Freunde Berlin 1914:187–191
Herman MH, Miquel J, Johnson M (1971) Insect brain as a model for the study of aging. Acta Neuropathol 19:167–183
Hess A (1955) The fine structure of young and old spinal ganglia. Anat Rec 123:399–424
Hodge CF (1894) Changes in ganglion cells from birth to senile death. Observations on man and honey-bee. J Physiol (London) 17:129–134
Hoffmeister F, Müller C (1979) Brain function in old age. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Hoyer S (1982) The aging brain. Exp Brain Res Suppl 5. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Kern M (1982) Das Insekt als Modell für Altersstudien. Altersabhängige Untersuchungen zum Gehirnstoffwechsel von Calliphora erythrocephala und Bombyx mori. Thesis, Johannes Gutenberg-Univ, Mainz
Kern M (1984) Relation of insect life span to body weight and energy metabolism and the problem of brain weight, metabolic rate, and life span. VXII Int Congr Entomol, Hamburg
Kern M (1985a) Metabolic rate of the insect brain in relation to body size and phylogeny. Comp Biochem Physiol 81(A): 501–506
Kern M (1985b) Utilization of glucose and proline in the brain of adult insects. Insect Biochem (in press)
Kern M, Wegener G (1980) Age dependent changes in the metabolism of insect brains. 13th Meet Eur Biochem Soc, Jerusalem
Kern M, Wegener G (1982) The cerebral ganglion of insects. A model for the metabolic aspects of brain aging. 10th Aharon Katzir-Katchalsky Conf Ageing Brain, Mantua, Italy
Kern M, Wegener G (1984) Age affects the metabolic rate of insect brain. Mech Ageing Dev 28:237–242
Lamb MJ (1978) Ageing. In: Ashburner M, Wright TRF (eds) The genetics and biology of Drosophila, vol 2c. Academic Press, London New York, p 43
Lampareter HE, Akert K, Sandri C (1967) Wallersche Degeneration im Zentralnervensystem der Ameise. Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen am Prothorakalganglion von Formia lugubris Zett. Schweiz Arch Neurobiol Neurochir Psychiatrie 100:337–354
Lucht-Bertram E (1962) Degenerative Erscheinungen am Gehirn alternder Bienen-Königinnen (Apis melhfera L.). Z Bienenforsch 6:169–172
Maurizio A (1959) Factors influencing the life span of bees. In: Wolstenholme GEW, O’Connor M (eds) CIBA Found Coll Ageing, vol 5. Churchill, London, p 231
Meyer G (1955) Altersveränderungen an Nervenzellen sozialer Insekten. Mikrokosmos 44:209–211
Miquel J (1971) Aging of male Drosophlia melanogaster. histological, histochemical, and ultra-structural observations. In: Strehler BL (ed) Adv Gerontol Res, vol 3. Academic Press, London New York, p 39
Miquel J, Economos AC, Bensch KG, Atlan H, Johnson JE (1979) Review of cell aging in Drosophlia and mouse. Age 2:78–88
Miquel J, Binnard R, Fleming JE (1983) Role of metabolic rate and DNA-repair in Drosophlia aging: Implications for the mitochondrial mutation theory of aging. Exp Gerontol 18:167–171
Nesbitt HHJ (1941) A comparative morphological study of the nervous system of the orthoptera and related orders. Ann Entomol Soc Am 34:51–81
Ordy JM, Brizzee KR (1975) Neurobiology of aging. Plenum Press, New York London
Panno JP, Nair KK (1984) Chromatin condensation in the aging housefly. Exp Gerontol 19:63–72
Pichon Y, Satelle DB, Lane NJ (1972) Conduction processes in the nerve cord of the moth Manduca sexta in relation to its ultrastructure and haemolymph ionic composition. J Exp Biol 56:717–736
Pixell-Goodrich HLM (1920) Determination of age in honeybees Q J Microsc Sci 64:191–205
Rivera ME, Langer H (1978) Effect of light on ATPases in eyes and brain of the blowfly, Calliphora. J Comp Physiol 123:245–251
Rockstein M (1950) The relation of Cholinesterase activity to change in cell number with age in the brain of the adult honeybee. J Cell Comp Physiol 35:11–24
Rockstein M (1959) The biology of ageing in insects. In: Wolstenholme GEW, O’Connor M (eds) CIBA Found Coll Ageing, vol 5. Churchill, London, p 247
Rockstein M (1967) Cellular age changes in insects. Symposia of the society of experimental biology XXI. Aspects of the biology of ageing. Academic Press, London New York, p 337
Rockstein M, Miquel J (1973) Aging in insects. In: Rockstein M (ed) The physiology of insecta, vol 1. Academic Press, London New York
Rockstein M, Gray FH, Berberian PA (1971) Time-correlated neurosecretory changes in the house fly, Musca domestica L. Exp Gerontol 6:211–217
Samorajski T (1980) Neurochemical changes in the aging human and nonhuman primate brain. In: Eisdorfer C, Fann WE (eds) Psychopharmacology of aging. Spectrum Publ, p 145
Sbrenna G (1971) Postembryonic growth of the ventral nerve cord in Schistocerca gregaria Forsk. (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Boll Zool 38:49–74
Schmidt H (1923)Über den Alterstod der Biene. Z Naturwiss 29:343–362
Schofield PK, Treherne JE (1975) Sodium transport and lithium movements across the insect blood-brain barrier. Nature (London) 225:723–725
Sharma PK; Bahadur J (1982) Age-related changes in the total protein in the brain of Periplaneta americana (L.). Mech Ageing Dev 20:49–52
Singh M, Singh YN (1981) Histological changes in the brain of Hypsa alciforon (Lepidoptera: Hypsidae) during metamorphosis. Z Mikrosk-Anat Forsch Leipzig 95:667–683
Singh YN, Singh M (1980) Structure and metamorphic changes in the brain of the flesh fly Sarcophaga ruficornis Fabr. (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). J Hirnforsch 21:187–197
Smallwood WM, Phillips RL (1916) Nuclear size in the nerve cells of the bee during the life cycle. J Comp Neurol 27:69–75
Sohal RS (1981) Metabolic rate, aging and lipofuscin accumulation. In: Sohal RS (ed) Age pigments. Elsevier, North-Holland, Amsterdam, p 303
Sohal RS (1985) Aging in insects. In: Gilbert LI (ed) Comprehensive insect physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology, vol 10. Pergamon Press, Oxford, p 595
Sohal RS, Allison VF (1971) Age-related changes in the fine structure of the flight muscle of the housefly. Exp Gerontol 6:167–172
Sohal RS, Sharma SP (1972) Age-related changes in the fine structure and number of neurons in the brain of the housefly, Musca domestica. Exp Gerontol 7:243–249
Sohal RS, Sharma SP, Couch EF (1972) Fine structure of the neural sheath, glia and neurons in the brain of the housefly, Musca domestica. Z Zellforsch 135:449–459
Stark WS, Carlson SD (1982) Ultrastructural pathology of the compound eye and optic neuropiles of the retinal degeneration mutant (w rdg BKS 222) Drosophila melanogaster. Cell Tissue Res 225:11–22
Stocker RF, Edwards JS, Truman JW (1978) Fine structure of degenerating abdominal motor neurons after eclosion in the sphingid moth, Manduca sexta. Cell Tissue Res 191:317–331
Stoffolano JG (1976) Insects as model systems for aging studies. In: Elias MF (ed) Special review of experimental aging research. EAR, Bar Habor, Maine, p 407
Strang RHC (1981) Energy metabolism in the insect nervous system. In: Downer RGH (ed) Energy metabolism in insects. Plenum Press, New York London, p 169
Thomsen M (1965) The neurosecretory system of adult Calliphora erythrocephala. Z Zellforsch 67:693–717
Treherne JE, Pichon Y (1972) The insect blood-brain barrier. Adv Insect Physiol 9:257–313
Treherne JE, Schofield PK (1979) Ionic homeostasis of the brain microenvironment in insects. TINS 2:227–230
Truman JW (1983) Programmed cell death in the nervous system of an adult insect. J Comp Neurol 216:445–452
Webb S, Tribe MA (1974) Are there major degenerative changes in the flight muscle of ageing diptera? Exp Gerontol 9:43–49
Wegener G (1981) Comparative aspects of energy metabolism in nonmammalian brains under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. In: Stefanovich V, Kriegelstein J (eds) Animal models and hypoxia. Pergamon Press, Oxford, p 87
Weidner H (1982) Morphologie, Anatomie und Histologie. In: Helmcke J-G, Starck D, Wermuth H (eds) Arthropoda/Insecta. Handbuch der Zoologie, Bd 4(2) 1/11. de Gruyter, Berlin New York, p 1
Weyer F (1932) Cytologische Untersuchungen am Gehirn alternder Bienen und die Frage nach dem Alterstod. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 14:1–54
Wigglesworth VB (1960) The nutrition of the central nervous system in the cockroach Periplaneta americana L. The role of perineurium and glial cells in the mobilization of reserves. J Exp Biol 37:500–512
Witthöft W (1967) Absolute Anzahl und Verteilung der Zellen im Hirn der Honigbiene. Z Morphol Tiere 61:160–184
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kern, M.J. (1986). Brain Aging in Insects. In: Collatz, KG., Sohal, R.S. (eds) Insect Aging. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70853-4_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70853-4_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-70855-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-70853-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive