Abstract
Today there is no doubt that facultative nonshivering thermogenesis is synonymous with the heat generated from brown adipose tissue. The questions presently addressed concerning the mechanism of thermogenesis are related to the acute cellular regulation of the process, as mediated both via α1–and β-adrenergic receptors, and to the control of the adaptive changes within the tissue occurring during acclimation to cold (or to certain diets).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alexson S, Cannon B (1984) A direct comparison between peroxisomal and mitochondrial preferences for fatty acyl beta-oxidation predicts channelling of medium-chain and very-long-chain unsaturated fatty acids to peroxisomes. Biochim Biophys Acta 796: 1–10
Alexson S, Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1985a) Inhibition of acetyl-carnitine oxidation by erucoyl-carnitine in rat brown-adipose-tissue mitochondria is due to CoA séquestration. Biochim Biophys Acta 834: 149–158
Alexson S, Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1985b) Partial protection against erucoyl-carnitine inhibition due to high CoA levels in hamster brown-adipose-tissue mitochondria. Comp Biochem Physiol (in press)
Al-Shaikhaly MHM, Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1979) Sodium-indueed calcium release from mito-chondria in brown adipose tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 76: 2350–2353
Angel A (1969) Brown adipose cells: spontaneous mobilization of endogenously synthesized lipid. Science 163: 288–290
Arch JRS, Ainsworth AT, Thody VE, Wilson C, Wilson S (1984) Atypical beta-adrenoceptor onbrown adipocytes as target for anti-obesity drugs. Nature 309: 163–165
Ashwell M, Jennings G, Richard D, Stirling DM, Trayhurn P (1983a) Effect of acclimation temperature on the concentration of the mitochondrial “uncoupling” protein measured by radioimmunoassay in mouse brown adipose tissue. FEBS Lett 161: 108–112
Ashwell M, Jennings G, Trayhurn P (1983b) Measurement by radioimmunoassay of the mitochondrial uncoupling ( GDP binding) protein from brown adipose tissue of lactating mice. Proc Nutr Soc 160A
Ashwell M, Jennings G, Trayhurn P (1983c) Evidence from radioimmunoassay for a decreased concentration of mitochondrial “uncoupling” protein from brown adipose tissue of genetically obese (ob/ob) mice. Biochim Soc Trans 11: 727–728
Barnard T, Mory G, Nechad M (1980) Biogenic aminés and the trophic response of brown adipose tissue. In: Parvez S, Parvez H (eds) Biogenic aminés in development. Elsevier-North Holland, Amsterdam, pp 391–439
Barre H, Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1985) Uncoupling effects of free fatty acids in brown adipose tissue. Submitted for publication
Bieber LL, Pettersson B, Lindberg O (1975) Studies on norepinephrine-induced efflux of free fatty acid from hamster brown adipose tissue cells. Eur J Biochem 58: 375–381
Bouillaud F, Ricquier D, Gulik-Krzywieki T, Gary-Bobo CM (1983) The possible proton translocation activity of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein of brown adipose tissue. Reconstitution studies in liposomes. FEBS Lett 164: 272-276
Brooks SL, Rothwell NJ, Stock MJ, Goodbody AE, Trayhurn P (1980) Increased proton conductance pathway in brown adipose tissue mitochondria of rats exhibiting diet-indueed thermogenesis. Nature 286: 274–276
Bukowiecki LJ, Follea N, Lupien J, Paradis A (1981) Metabolic relationships between lipolysis and respiration in rat brown adipocytes. J Biol Chem 256: 12840–12848
Cameron IL, Smith RE (1964) Cytological responses of brown fat tissue in cold-exposed rats. J Cell Biol 23: 89–100
Cannon B, Nedergaard J (1985a) The biochemistry of an “inefficient” tissue: brown adipose tissue. Essays Biochem 20: 110–164
Cannon B, Nedergaard J (1985b) Brown adipose tissue. The molecular mechanisms controlling activity and thermogenesis. In: Van R, Cryer A (eds) New perspectives in adipose tissue. Butterworth, London, pp 233–270
Cannon B, Vogel G (1977) The mitochondrial ATPase of brown adipose tissue. Purification and comparison with the mitochondrial ATPase from beef heart. FEBS Lett 76: 284-289
Cannon B, Nedergaard J, Romert L, Sundin U, Svartengren J (1978) The biochemical mechanism of thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. In: Wang LL, Hudson J (ed) Stratégies in cold: Natural torpidity and thermogenesis. Academic Press, New York, pp 567–594
Cannon B, Nicholls DG, Lindberg O (1973) Purine nucleotides and fatty acids in energy coupling of mitochondria from brown adipose tissue. In: Azzone GF et al. (eds) Mechanisms in bioenergetics. Academic, New York, pp 357–364
Cannon B, Hedin A, Nedergaard J (1982) Exclusive occurrence of thermogenin antigen in brown adipose tissue. FEBS Lett 150: 129–132
Carneheim C, Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1984) Beta-adrenergic stimulation of lipoprotein lipase activity in rat brown adipose tissue during acclimation to cold. Am J Physiol 246: E327–E333
Carneheim C, Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1985a) Fatty acids in the lipids of brown adipose tissue of the hibernating and arousing hamster. Submitted for publication
Carneheim C, Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1985b) Transcription-dependent increase in lipoprotein lipase activity in rats. Submitted for publication
ConnollyE, NânbergE, Nedergaard J (1984) Na+ dépendent, alpha-adrenergic mobilization of intracellular (mitochondrial) Ca2+ in brown adipocytes. Eur J Biochem 141: 187–193
Cooney GJ, Newsholme EA (1984) Does brown adipose tissue have a metabolic rôle in the rat? Trends Biochem Sci 9: 303–305
Desautels M, Himms-Hagen J (1979) Rôles of noradrenaline and protein synthesis in the cold-induced increase in purine nucleotide binding by rat brown adipose tissue mitochondria. Can J Biochem 57: 968–976
Desautels M, Zaror-Behrens G, Himms-Hagen J (1978) Increased purine nucleotide binding, altered polypeptide composition, and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue mitochondria of cold-acclimated rats. Can J Biochem 56: 378–383
Doi K, Kuroshima A (1982) Thermogenic response to glucagon in cold-acclimated mice. Jpn J Physiol 32: 377–385
Fain JN, Jacops MD, Clement-Cormier YC (1973) Interrelationship of cyclic AMP, lipolysis, and respiration in brown fat cells. Am J Physiol 224: 346–351
Foster DO (1984) Auxilary rôle of alpha-adrenoceptors in brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. In: Haies RHS (ed) Thermal physiology. Raven, New York, pp 201–204
Foster DO, Depocas F (1980) Evidence against noradrenergic régulation of vasodilation in rat brown adipose tissue. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 58: 1418–1425
Garcia-Sainz JA, Hasler AK, Fain JN (1980) Alphat -adrenergic aetivation of phosphatidylinositol labeling in isolated brown fat cells. Biochem Pharmacol 29: 3330–3333
Girardier L, Schneider-Picard G (1983) Alphaand beta-adrenergic médiation of membrane potential changes and metabolism in rat brown adipose tissue. J Physiol 335: 629–641
Girardier L, Stock MJ (eds) (1983) Mammalian thermogenesis. Chapman and Hall, London
Girardier L, Stock MJ (eds) (1983) Mammalian thermogenesis. Chapman and Hall, London
Hardman MJ, Hull D (1970) Fat metabolism in brown adipose tissue in vivo. J Physiol (Lond) 206: 263–273
Heim T, Hull D (1966) The effect of propanolol on the calorigenic response in brown adipose tissue of new-born rabbits to eatecholamines, glucagen, cortieotrophin arid cold exposure. J Physiol 187: 271–283
Himms-Hagen J, Desautels M (1978) A mitochondrial defect in brown adipose tissue of the obese (ob/ob) mouse: reduced binding of purine nucleotides and a failure to respond to cold by an increase in binding. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 83: 628–634
Himms-Hagen J, Gwilliam C (1980) Abnormal brown adipose tissue in hamsters with muscular dystrophy. Am J Physiol 239: C18–C22
Himms-Hagen J, Park IRA (1984) Rôle of the sympathetic innevation in the growth and maintenance of brown adipose tissue in cold-adapted and cafeteria-fed rats. In: Haies JRS (ed) Thermal physiology. Raven Press, New York, pp 193–196
Himms-Hagen J, Triandafillou J, Gwilliam C (1981) Brown adipose tissue of cafeteria-fed rats. Am J Physiol 241: E116–E120
Hogan S, Himms-Hagen J (1980) Abnormal brown adipose tissue in obese (ob/ob) mice: response to acclimation to cold. Am J Physiol 239: E301–E309
Horwitz BA (1978) Plasma membrane involvement in brown fat thermogenesis. In: Girardier L, Seydoux J (eds) Effectors of thermogenesis. Exper Suppl 32. Birkhâuser, Basel, pp 19–23
Horowitz JM, Horwitz BA, Smith RE (1971) Effect in vivo of norepinephrine on the membrane résistance of brown fat cells. Experientia 27: 1419–1421
Hull D, Segall MM (1966) Distinction of brown from white adipose tissue. Nature 212: 469–472
Joël CD (1965) The physiological rôle of brown adipose tissue. In: Renold AE, Cahill GF Jr (eds) Adipose tissue. Am Physiol Soc, Washington, pp 59-85 (Handbook of physiology, sect 5 )
Kennedy DR, Hammond RP, Hamolsky MW (1977) Thyroid cold acclimation influences on norepinephrine metabolism in brown fat. Am J Physiol 232: E565–E569
Klingenberg M (1984) Characteristics of the uncoupling protein from brown fat mitochondria. Biochem Soc Transac 12: 390–393
Kuroshima A, Yahata T (1979) Thermogenic response of brown adipocytes to noradrenaline and glucagon in heat-acclimated and cold-acclimated rats. Jpn J Physiol 29: 683–690
Landsberg L, Young JB (1983) Autonomie régulation of thermogenesis. In: Girardier L, Stock MJ (eds) Mammalian thermogenesis. Chapman and Hall, London, pp 99–140
LaNoue KF, Koch CD, Meditz RB (1982) Mechanism of action of norepinephrine in hamster brown adipocytes. J Biol Chem 257: 13740–13748
Lean MEJ, Branch WJ, James WPT, Jennings G, Ashwell M (1983) Measurement of rat brown adipose tissue mitochondrial uncoupling protein by radioimmunoassay: increased concentration after cold acclimation. Biosci Rep 3: 61–71
Lin CS, Klingenberg M (1980) Isolation of the uncoupling protein from brown adipose tissue mitochondria. FEBS Lett 113: 299–303
Lin CS, Klingenberg M (1982) Characteristics of the isolated purine nucleotide binding protein from brown fat mitochondria. Biochemistry 21: 2950–2956
Lindberg O, Bieber LL, Houstek J (1976) Brown adipose tissue metabolism: an attempt to apply results from in vitro experiments on tissue in vivo. In: Jansky L, Musacchia XJ (eds) Régulation of depressed metabolism and thermogenesis. Thomas, Springfield, Ohio, pp 117–136
Lindberg O, Cannon B, Nedergaard J (1981) Thermogenic mitochondria. In: Lee CP et al. (eds) Mitochondria and mierosomes. Addison-Wesley, Reading, pp 93–119
Locke R, Rial E, Scott ID, Nicholls DG (1982a) Fatty acids as acute regulators of the proton conductance of hamster brown-fat mitochondria. Eur J Biochem 129: 373–380
Locke RM, Rial E, Nicholls DG (1982b) The acute régulation of mitochondrial proton conductance in cells and mitochondria from the brown fat of cold-adapted and warm-adapted guinea pigs. EUT J Biochem 129: 381–387
McCormack JG (1982) The régulation of fatty acid synthesis in brown adipose tissue by insulin. Prog Lipid Res 21: 195–223
McCormack JG, Denton RM (1977) Evidence that fatty acid synthesis in the intercapsular brown adipose tissue of cold-adapted rats is increased in vivo by insulin by mechanisms involving parallel activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase. Biochem J 166: 627–630
Mohell N, Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1981) An attempt to differentiate between alphaand betaadrenergic respiratory responses in hamster brown fat cells. Adv Physiol Sci 32: 495–497
Mohell N, Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1983a) Quantitative differentiation of alphaand beta-adrenergic respiratory responses in isolated hamster brown fat cells: evidence for the presence of an alphaj–adrenergic component. Eur J Pharmacol 93: 183–193
Mohell N, Svartenpen J, Cannon B (1983b) Identification of (3H)prazosin binding sites in brown adipose tissue as alphaj -adrenergic receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 92: 15–25
Mohell N, Wallace M, Fain JN (1984) Alpha1 -adrenergic stimulation of phosphatidylinositol turnover and respiration of brown fat cells. Mol Pharmacol 25: 64–69
Mory G, Ricquier D, Nechad M, Hem on P (1982) Impairment of trophic response of brown fat to cold in guanethidine-treated rats. Am J Physiol 242: C159–C165
Mory G, Bouillaud F, Combes-George M, Ricquier D (1984) Noradrenaline controls the concentration of the uncoupling protein in brown-adipose tissue. FEBS Lett 166: 393–396
Nanberg E, Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1984) Alpha-adrenergic effects on 86Rb+ ( K+) potentials and fluxes in brown fat cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 804: 291-300
Nanberg E, Connolly E, Nedergaard J (1985) Presence of a Ca2+-dependent K+ channel in brown adipocytes. Possible rôle in maintenance of alpha-adrenergic stimulation. Biochim Biophys Acta 844: 42-49
Nechad M, Kuusela P, Carneheim C, Bjôrntorp P, Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1983) Development of brown fat cells in monolayer culture. I. Morphological and biochemical distinction from white fat cells in culture. Exp Cell Res 149: 105-118
Nedergaard J (1981) Effects of cations on brown adipose tissue in relation to possible metabolic conséquences of membrane depolarisation. Eur J Biochem 114: 159–167
Nedergaard J (1982) Catecholamine sensitivity in brown fat cells from cold-adapted hamsters and rats. Am J Physiol 242: C250–C257
Nedergaard J (1983) The relationship between extra-mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration, respiratory rate, and membrane potential in rat brown-adipose-tissue mitochondria. Eur J Biochem 133: 185–191
Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1984a) Thermogenic mitochondria. In: Ernster L (ed) New comprehensive biochemistry (bioenergetics). Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 291–314
Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1984b) Preferential utilization of brown adipose tissue lipids during arousal from hibernation in the golden hamster. Am J Physiol 247: R506–R512
Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1984c) Régulation of thermogenin expression and activity in brown adipose tissue. In: Haies JRS (ed) Thermal physiology. Raven, New York, pp 169–173
Nedergaard J, Cannon B (1984c) Régulation of thermogenin expression and activity in brown adipose tissue. In: Haies JRS (ed) Thermal physiology. Raven, New York, pp 169–173
Nedergaard J, Alexson S, Cannon B (1980) Cold adaptation in the rat: increased brown fat peroxisomal beta-oxidation relative to maximal mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Am J Physiol (Cell Physiol) 239: C208–C216
Nedergaard J, Lindberg O (1982) The brown fat cell. Int Rev Cytol 74: 187–286
Nedergaard J, Connolly E, Nânberg E, Mohell N (1984) A possible physiological rôle of the Na+/ Ca2+ exchange mechanism of brown fat mitochondria in the médiation of alphaj -adrenergic signais. Biochem Soc Trans 12: 393–396
Nieholls DG (1976) The bioenergetics of brown adipose tissue mitochondria. FEBS Lett 61: 103–110
Nieholls DG (1979) Brown adipose tissue mitochondria. Biochim Biophys Acta 549: 1–29
Nieholls DG, Lindberg O (1973) Brown-adipose-tissue mitochondria. The influence of album in and nucleotides on passive ion permeabilities. EUT J Biochem 37: 523-530
Nijima A, Rohner-Jeanrenaud F, Jeanrenaud B (1984) Effect of cold stimulation on the efferent discharges of nerves innervating interscapular brown adipose tissue in the rat. In: Haies JRS (ed) Thermal physiology. Raven, New York, pp 189–192
Normann PT, Flatmark T (1984) Increase in mitochondrial content of long-chain acyl-CoA in brown adipose tissue during cold-acclimation. Biochim Biophys Acta 794: 225–233
Pettersson B, Vallin I (1976) Norepinephrine-induced shift in levels of adenosine 3’:5’-monophosphate and ATP parallel to increased respiratory rate and lipolysis in isolated hamster brown fat cells. Eur J Biochem 62: 383–390
Portet R, Laury MC, Mertin R, Senault C, Hluszko MT, Chevillard L (1974) Hormonal stimulation of substrate utilization in brown adipose tissue of cold acclimated rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 147: 807–812
Prusiner SB, Cannon B, Ching TM, Lindberg O (1968a) Oxidative metabolism in cells isolated from brown adipose tissue. 2. Catecholamine-regulated respiratory control. Eur J Biochem 7: 51-57
Prusiner SB, Cannon B, Lindberg O (1968b) Oxidative metabolism in cells isolated from brown adipose tissue. I. Catecholamine and fatty acid stimulation of respiration. Eur J Biochem 6: 15: 22
Raasmaja A, Mohell N, Nedergaard J (1984) Increased alphaj-receptor density in brown adipose tissue of cold-acclimated rats and hamsters. Eur J Pharmacol 106: 489–498
Raasmaja A, MoheË N, Nedergaard J (1985) Increased alpha! -adrenergic receptor density in brown adipose tissue of cafeteria-fed rats. Biosci Rep 4: 851–859
Rafaël J, Ludolph HJ, Hohorst HJ (1969) Mitochondrien aus braunem Fettgewebe: Entkopplung der Atmungskettenphosphorylierung durch langkettige Fettsâuren und Rekopplung durch Guanosintriphosphat. Hoppe-Seyler’s Z Physiol Chem 350: 1121-1131
Reed N, Fain JN (1968) Potassium-dependent stimulation of respiration in brown fat cells by fatty acids and lipolytic agents. J Biol Chem 243: 6077–6083
Reed N, Fain JN (1968) Potassium-dependent stimulation of respiration in brown fat cells by fatty acids and lipolytic agents. J Biol Chem 243: 6077–6083
Rial E, Poustie A, Nieholls DG (1983) Brown adipose tissue mitochondria: the régulation of the 32,000 My uncoupling protein by fatty acids and purine nucleotides. Eur J Biochem 173: 197–203
Ricquier D, Mory G, Hemon P (1979) Changes induced by cold adaption in the brown adipose tissue from several species of rodents, with spécial reference to the mitochondrial components. Can J Biochem 57: 1262–1266
Ricquier D, Barlet JP, Garel JM, Combes-Georges M, Dubois MP (1983) An immunologieal study of the uncoupling protein of brown adipose tissue mitochondria. Biochem J 210: 859–866
Ricquier D, Mory G, Nechad M, Combes-George M, Tribault D (1983) Development and aetivation of brown fat in rats with pheochromocytoma PC12 tumors. Am J Physiol 245: C172–C177
Rothwell NJ, Stock MJ (1984) Brown adipose tissue. Rec Adv Physiol 10: 349–384
Schimmel RJ, McCarthy L (1984) Rôle of adenosine as an endogenous regulator of respiration in hamster brown adipocytes. Am J Physiol 246: C301–C307
Schimmel RJ, McCarthy L, McMahon KK (1983) Alpha!-adrenergic stimulation of hamster brown adipose respiration. Am J Physiol 244: C362–C368
Schneider-Picard G, Carpentier JL, Orci L (1980) Quantitative évaluation of gap junctions during development of the brown adipose tissue. J Lipid Res 21: 600–607
Schneider-Picard G, Carpentier JL, Girardier L (1984) Quantitative évaluation of gap junctions in rat brown adipose tissue after cold acclimation. J Membr Biol 78: 85–89
Seydoux J, Girardier L (1978) Control of brown fat thermogenesis by the sympathetic nervous system. In: Seydoux J, Girardier L (eds) Effectors of thermogenesis, exper suppl 32. Birkhâuser, Basel, pp 153–167
Sheridan JD (1971) Electrical coupling between fat cells in newt fat body and mouse brown fat. J Cell Biol 50: 795–803
Silva JE, Larsen PR (1983) Adrenergic activation of triiodothyronine in brown adipose tissue. Nature 305: 712–713
Skala JP, Knight BL (1977) Protein kinases in brown adipose tissue of developing rats. J Biol Chem 252: 1064–1070
Skala JP, Knight BL (1979) Cyclic GMP and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase in brown adipose tissue of developing rats. Biochim Biophys Acta 582: 122–131
Strieleman PJ, Elson CE, Shrago E (1983) Modulation of GDP binding to brown adipose tissue mitochondria by coenzyme A thioesters. Fed Proc 42: 1324
Strunecka A, Olivierusova L, Kubista V, Drahota Z (1981) Effect of cold stress and norepinephrine on the turnover of phospholipids in brown adipose tissue of the golden hamster ( Mesocrieetus auratus ). Physiol Bohemoslov 30: 307-313
Sundin U (1981) Brown adipose tissue. Control of heat production. Development during ontogeny and cold adaption. University of Stockholm, Stockholm
Sundin U, Cannon B (1980) GDP-binding to the brown fat mitochondria of developing and cold-adapted rats. Comp Biochem Physiol 65B: 463–471
Svartengren J, Svoboda P, Cannon B (1982) Desensitisation of beta-adrenergic responsiveness in vivo. Decreased coupling between receptors and adenylate cyclase in isolated brown fat cells. Eur J Biochem 128: 481-488
Svartengren J, Svoboda P, Drahota Z, Cannon B (1984) The molecular basis for adrenergic desensitization in hamster brown adipose tissue: uncoupling of adenylate cyclase activation. Comp Biochem Physiol 78C: 159–170
Svoboda P, Svartengren J, Snochowski M, Houstek J, Cannon B (1979) High number of high-affinity binding sites for (-M3H)dihydroalprenolol on isolated hamster brown-fat cells. Eur J Biochem 102: 203–210
Svoboda P, Svartengren J, Naprstek J, Jirmanova Z (1984a) The funetional and structural reorgan-isation of the plasma membranes of brown adipose tissue induced by cold acclimation of the hamster. I. Changes in catecholamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity. Molec Physiol 5: 197-210
Svoboda P, Svartengren J, Drahota Z (1984b) The funetional and structural reorganisation of the plasma membranes of brown adipose tissue induced by cold acclimation of the hamster. II. The beta-adrenergic receptor. Molec Physiol 5: 211-220
Szillart D, Bukowiecki LJ (1983) Control of brown adipose tissue lipolysis and respiration by adenosine. Am J Physiol 245: E555–E559
Trayhurn P (1979) Fatty acid synthesis in vivo in brown adipose tissue, liver and white adipose tissue of the cold-acclimated rat. FEBS Lett 104: 13–16
Trayhurn P (1981) Fatty acid synthesis in mouse brown adipose tissue. The influence of environmental temperature on the proportion of whole-body fatty acid synthesis in brown adipose tissue and the liver. Biochim Biophys Acta 664: 549–560
Trayhurn P, Nicholls DG (eds) (1986) Brown adipose tissue. Edward Arnold, London (in press)
Trayhurn P, Richards D, Jennings G, Ashwell M (1983) Adaptive change in the concentration of the mitochondrial ’uncoupling’ protein in brown adipose tissue of hamsters acelimated at différent temperatures. Biosci Rep 3: 1077–1084
Utne F, Njaa LR, Braekkan OR, Lambertsen G, Julshamn K (1977) Hydrogenated marine fat, its influence on rat tissue lipids, compared to fish oil, rapeseed oil and lard. Fisk Dir Ser Ernaer 2: 23–41
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Cannon, B., Nedergaard, J. (1985). Biochemical Mechanisms of Thermogenesis. In: Gilles, R. (eds) Circulation, Respiration, and Metabolism. Proceedings in Life Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70610-3_41
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70610-3_41
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-70612-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-70610-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive