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Kombinationsanästhesie pp 26–39Cite as

Grundlagen der Anwendung von Isofluran

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Part of the book series: Klinische Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie ((KAI,volume 29))

Zusammenfassung

Bei der Entwicklung und Einführung des Isoflurans als Inhalationsnarkotikum (Strukturformel und Daten zur Historie siehe Tabelle 1) gab es von Anfang an Verzogerungen. Die Reindarstel- lung sowie eine kostengiinstiqe Großsynthese machten Schwierigkeiten (8, 39, 40). 1973 stoppte die FDA die zur weiteren Er- probung notwendige Anwendung beim Menschen (erste Humanversuche in 5, 8, 34 beschrieben). In Versuchen an Mäusen, die mit dem Ziel durchgeführt wurden, die chronische Toxizitat subnarkotischer Konzentrationen von Inhalationsnarkotika zu testen, war aufgrund des Auftretens von Tumoren an der Leber der Verdacht entstanden, daß Isofluran womöglich karzinogen wirkt (3). Die besonders günstigen anästhesiologischen Eigenschaften des Isoflurans rechtfertigten eine Überprüfung dieses diskriminieren- den Befundes. Im direkten Vergleich zu Enfluran, Halothan, Methoxyfluran und N20 wurde fur Isofluran die kanzerogene Wirkung nach chronischer Exposition subnarkotischer Konzentrationen an der Maus erneut getestet. Dabei konnte weder fur Isofluran noch fur eines der anderen genannten Inhalationsnarkotika eine kanzerogene Wirkung weder an der Leber noch an anderen Organen nachgewiesen werden (13). Seither steht einer breiten klinischen Anwendung des Isoflurans in den USA nichts mehr engegen.

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Authors
  1. H. P. Büch
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  2. U. Büch
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Instituts für Anästhesiologie des Klinikums, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, D-6500, Mainz (Rhein), Germany

    W. Dick (Leiter) (Leiter)

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Büch, H.P., Büch, U. (1985). Grundlagen der Anwendung von Isofluran. In: Dick, W. (eds) Kombinationsanästhesie. Klinische Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, vol 29. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70534-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70534-2_3

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-70534-2

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