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Andere angeborene Koagulopathien

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Part of the book series: Handbuch der Inneren Medizin ((INNEREN 2,volume 2 / 9))

Zusammenfassung

Verglichen mit den beiden Hämophilieformen und dem von Willebrand- Jürgens-Syndrom handelt es sich bei den anderen angeborenen Koagulopathien um wesentlich seltener vorkommende Erkrankungen. Dennoch sind uns heute Störungen bekannt, die nicht nur jeden Gerinnungsfaktor betreffen, sondern auch das Antithrombin und die Plasmaproteine, die an der Fibrinolyse beteiligt sind. Für viele angeborene Koagulopathien sind zwei genetisch verschiedene Störungen gefunden worden: Eine Form ist durch die völlige Abwesenheit des Faktors im Plasma der Patienten charakterisiert, während im Plasma der zweiten Gruppe von Patienten der Faktor als Protein nachzuweisen ist, jedoch ist keine biologische Aktivität meßbar. Es handelt sich daher um genetisch abnormale Proteine. In einigen Fällen wird die Form mit dem abwesenden Protein als A-Form bezeichnet, während die genetisch abnorme Form, in Analogie zu den Dysproteinämien, als Dys-Form beschrieben ist. In einigen Fällen ist es bereits gelungen, den Defekt im abnormen Protein auf einen einzigen Aminosäurenaustausch an einer funktionell wichtigen Stelle zurückzuführen. Es ist anzunehmen, daß im Laufe der Zeit für jede einzelne angeborene Koagulopathie eine A- und eine Dys-Form gefunden werden wird. Wie bei den Hämoglobinopathien sind die abnormen Faktoren nach den Namen der Städte benannt, in denen die Patienten ansässig waren.

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Mammen, E.F. (1985). Andere angeborene Koagulopathien. In: Heene, D.L., et al. Blut und Blutkrankheiten. Handbuch der Inneren Medizin, vol 2 / 9. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70514-4_6

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