Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Immunpharmakologie pp 128–188Cite as

Immunstimulation

  • Chapter

Zusammenfassung

Damit ein Fremdantigen, das in den Organismus eingedrungen ist, daraus wieder entfernt werden kann, müssen verschiedene Reaktionen ablaufen, die sich einmal auf der Ebene spezifischer Reizerkennung und Beantwortung durch die Lymphozyten, zum anderen auf der Ebene der „unspezifischen“ Abwehr abspielen. Zuweilen gestalten sich solche Eliminationsvorgänge recht einfach. So können bestimmte Antigene, z. B. extrazellulär wachsende Bakterien, nach ihrem Eindringen in den Organismus durch bereits vorhandene Antikörper rasch opsoniert und anschließend durch neutrophile Granulozyten oder Makrophagen phagozytiert und abgetötet werden. Dies ist der einfachste Fall. Oft aber sind opsonierende Antikörper gar nicht vorhanden oder - falls sie doch existieren - für den Mechanismus der Elimination des eingedrungenen Antigens nicht entscheidend.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Allgemeine Literatur

  • Adams DO, Hamilton TA (1984): The cell biology of macrophage activation. Ann Rev Immunol 2, 283–318

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arrigoni-Martelli E (1981): Developments in drugs enhancing the immune responses. Meth and Find Exptl Clin Pharmacol 3 (4), 247–270

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drews J (1984): The experimental and clinical use of immune-modulating drugs in the prophylaxis and treatment of infections. Infection 12, 157–166

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drews J (1984): Die Pharmakologie des Immunsystems: Klinische und experimentelle Perspektiven. In: Progress in Drug Research, Vol 28, 83–109. (E Jucker ed)

    Google Scholar 

  • Grob, PJ, Fontana A (1982): Immunstimulantien und Infektionskrankheiten. Therap Umsch, Vol 39, No 9, 668–674

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mihich E, Fefer A (eds) (1983): Biological response modifiers : subcommittee Report. Subcommittee on Biological Response Modifiers. Board of Scientific Counselors, Division of Cancer Treatment. National Cancer Institute

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson R, Norman Ph (1982): Immunotherapy-Immunomodulation. JAMA, Vol 248, No 20, 2759–2772

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Umezawa H (1980): Low-molecular-weight immunomodulators produced by microorganisms. Biotechnol Bioengineering, Vol XXII, Suppl 1, 99–110

    Google Scholar 

Zitierte Literatur

  1. Andrus L, Granelli-Pipemo A, Reich E (1984) Cytotoxic T cells both produce and respond to interleukin 2. J Exp Med, Vol 59, 647–652

    Google Scholar 

  2. Arvin AM, Kushner JH, Feldman S, Baehner RL, Hammond D, Merigan ThC (1982) Human leukocyte interferon for the treatment of varicella in children with cancer. New Engl Journ of Med, Vol 306, No 13, 761–765

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Attallah AM, Petricciani JC, Galasso GJ, Rabson AS (1980) Report of a workshop on standards for human interferon in clinical trials. Journ Infect Dis, Vol 142, No 2, 300–301

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bach JF, Bach MA, Blanot D et al. (1978) Thymic serum factor. Bull Inst Pasteur 76, 325–330

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Barret DJ, Wara DW, Ammann AJ et al. (1980) Thymosin therapy in Di George-Syndrome. J Pediat 97, 66–71

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bocci V (1981) Pharmacokinetic studies of interferons. Pharmac Ther, Vol 13, 421–440

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Bohlen P, Esch F, Wegemer D et al. (1983) Isolation and partial characterization of human T-cell growth factor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 117/2, 623–630

    Google Scholar 

  8. Borden EC (1979) Interferons: rationale for clinical trials in neoplastic disease. Ann Intern Med 91, 472–479

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Borden EC, Holland JF, Dao ThL, Gutterman JU, Wiener L, Chang Y-Ch, Patel J (1982) Leucocyte-derived interferon (alpha) in human breast carcinoma. Annals of Internal Medicine 97, 1–6

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Bornemann LD, Spiegel HE, Dziewanowska ZE, Krown S, Colburn WA (1985) Intravenous and intramuscular pharmacokinetics of recombinant leukocyte A interferon. In press: Europ J Clin Pharmacology

    Google Scholar 

  11. Boylston AW, Vose BM (1983) Potential use of purified interleukin 2 as a therapeutic agent. Clin Immunol Allergy 3/2, 229–234

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Bricaire F (1981) L’interféron. La Nouvelle Presse Médicale, Vol 10, No 7, 458–461

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Burger CJ, Elgert KD, Farrar WL (1984) Interleukin 2 (IL-2) activity during tumor growth: IL-2 production, kinetics, absorption of and responses to exogenous IL-2. Cellular Immunology 84, 228–239

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Cantrell DA, Smith KA (1984) The interleukin-2 T-cell system: a new cell growth model. Science (USA) 224/4655, 1312–1316

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Carter WA, O’Malley J, Beeson M, Cunnington P, Kelvin A, Vere-Hodge A, Alderfer JL, Ts’o PO (1976) An integrated and comparative study of the antiviral effects and other biological properties of the polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid duplex and its mismatched analogues. Molecular Pharmacology 12, 400–453

    Google Scholar 

  16. Cesario ThC (1983) The clinical implications of human interferon. Med Clin North America, Vol 67, No 5, 1147–1162

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Cheever MA, Greenberg PhD, Fefer A, Gillis St (1982) Augmentation of the antitumor therapeutic efficacy of long-term cultured T lymphocytes by in vivo administration of purified interleukin 2. J Exp Med, Vol 155, 968–980

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Chun M, Hoffmann MK (1982) Modulation of interferon-induced NK cells by interleukin 2 and cAMP. Lymphokine Research, Vol 1, No 4, 91–98

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Cohen MH, Chretien PB, Inde DC et al. (1979) Thymosin fraction 5 and intensive combination chemotherapy. Prolonging the survival of patients with small cell lung cancer. JAMA 241, 1813–1815

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Dunnick JK, Galasso GJ (1979) Clinical trials with exogenous interferon: summary of a meeting. Journ Infect Dis, Vol 139, No 1, 109–123

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Dunnick JK, Galasso GJ (1980) Update on clinical trials with exogenous interferon. Journ Infect Dis, Vol 142, No 2, 293–299

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Editorial (1982) Clinical uses of interferon. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol 60, No 1, 37–38

    Google Scholar 

  23. Fleischmann WR Jr (1982) Potentiation of the direct anticellular activity of mouse interferons: mutual synergism and interferon concentration dependence. Cancer Research 42, 869–875

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Flury F, Wegmann T (1979) Klinische Erfahrungen bei der Therapie mit Interferon. Schweiz Rundschau Med (Praxis) 68, 1401–1405

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Goldstein AL, Cohen GH, Rossio JL et al. (1976) Use of thymosin in the treatment of primary immunodeficiency diseases and cancer. Med Clin North Am 69, 591

    Google Scholar 

  26. Goldstein AL, Rossio JL (1978) Thymosin for immunodeficiency diseases and cancer. Compr Ther 4, 49–57

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Goldstein G (1975) The isolation of thymopoietin (thymin). Ann NY Acad Sci 249, 177–185

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Gordon J, Minks MA (1981) The interferon renaissance: molecular aspects of induction and action. Microbiological Reviews, Vol 45, No 2, 244–266

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Granstein RD, Tominaga A, Greene MI (1984) Therapeutic use of interleukins: experimental results. Surv Immunol Res (Switzerland) 3/2–3, 127–134

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Gutterman JW, Blumenschein GR, Alexanian R, Yap H-Y, Buzdar AU et al. (1980) Leukocyte interferon-induced tumor regression in human metastatic breast cancer, multiple myeloma and malignant lymphoma. Ann Intern Med 93, 399–406

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Heinonen E, Gröhn P, Tarkkanen J, Maiche A, Wasenius VM (1981) Transfer factor immunotherapy in Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Cancer Imm Immunother 11, 73–79

    Google Scholar 

  32. Hofschneider PH, Obert H-J (1982) Stand klinischer Interferonstudien in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Münch Med Wschr 124, No 42, 911–914

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Hooper JA, McDaniel MC, Thurman GB et al. (1975) The purification and properties of bovine thymosin. Ann NY Acad Sci 249, 145–153

    Google Scholar 

  34. Homing SJ, Levine JF, Miller RA, Rosenberg SA, Merigan ThC (1982) Clinical and immunologic effects of recombinant leukocyte A interferon in eight patients with advanced cancer. JAMA, Vol 247, No 12, 1718–1722

    Google Scholar 

  35. Horowitz B (1981) Human interferon-properties, clinical application and production. J Parent Science and Technology, Vol 35, No 5, 223–226

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Ikić D, Trajer D, Čupak K, Petričević I, Pražić M, Soldo I, Jušić D, Smerdel S, Šooš E (1981) The clinical use of human leukocyte interferon in viral infections. Intern J Clin Pharmacol Ther and Toxicol, Vol 19, No 11, 498–505

    Google Scholar 

  37. Ingimarsson S, Cantell K, Strander H (1979) Side effects of long-term treatment with human leukocyte interferon. Journ Infect Dis, Vol 140, No 4, 560–563

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Kaye J, Janeway ChA (1984) Induction of receptors for interleukin 2 requires T cell Ag: Ia receptor crosslinking and interleukin 1. Lymphokine Research, Vol 3, No 4, 175–182

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Kook AI, Yakir Y, Trainin N (1975) Isolation and partial chemical characterization of THF, a thymus hormone involved in immune maturation of lymphoid cells. Cell Imm 19, 151–157

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Lifson JD, Benike CJ, Mark DF et al. (1984) Human recombinant interleukin-2 partly reconstitutes deficient in-vitro immune responses of lymphocytes from patients with AIDS. Lancet 1/8379, 698–702

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Low TLK, Goldstein AL (1980) Thymosin and other thymic hormones and their synthetic analogues. In: Chedid L, Miescher PA, Mueller-Eberhard HJ (eds) Immunostimulation. Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 129–146

    Google Scholar 

  42. Low TL, Thurman GB, McAdoo M et al. (1979) The chemistry and biology of thymosin I. Isolation, characterization and biological activities of thymosin α and polypeptide ß from calf thymus. J Biol Chem 254, 981–986

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Marx JL (1979) Interferon (I): on the threshold of clinical application. Science, Vol 204, 1183–1186

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Massicot JG, Goldstein RA (1982) Transfer factor. Annals of Allergy 49, 326–329

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Mellstedt H, Ahre A, Björkholm M, Holm G, Johansson B, Strander H (1979) Interferon therapy in myelomatosis. Lancet, 245–247

    Google Scholar 

  46. Merigan ThC, Gallagher JG, Pollard RB, Arvin AM (1981) Short-course human leukocyte interferon in treatment of herpes zoster in patients with cancer. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Vol 19, No 1, 193–195

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Meyers JD, McGuffin RW, Neiman PE, Singer JW, Thomas ED (1980) Toxicity and efficacy of human leukocyte interferon for treatment of cytomegalovirus pneumonia after marrow transplantation. Journ Infect Dis, Vol 141, No 5, 555–562

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Mihich E, Fefer A (1983) The interferon system. National Cancer Institute Monograph, No 63, 67–104

    Google Scholar 

  49. Mihich E, Fefer A (1983) Thymic factors and hormones. National Cancer Institute Monograph, No 63, 107–137

    Google Scholar 

  50. Miyasaka N, Nakamura T, Russell IJ, Talal N (1984) Interleukin 2 deficiencies in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 31/1, 109–117

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Morgan DA, Ruscetti FW, Gallo RC (1976) Selective in vitro growth of T-lymphocytes from normal human bone marrows. Science 193, 1007–1008

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Mulé JJ, Shu S, Schwarz SL, Rosenberg StA (1984) Adoptive immunotherapy of established pulmonary metastases with LAK cells and recombinant interleukin-2. Science, Vol 225, 1487–1489

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Neumann-Haefelin D (1981) Interferon-Eigenschaften, Gewinnung und Anwendung. Med MO Pharm 4, Heft 7, 193–200

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Nikaido T, Shimizu A, Ishida N, Sabe H, Teshigawara K, Maeda M, Uchiyama T, Yodoi J, Honjo T (1984) Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding human interleukin-2 receptor. Nature, Vol 311, 631–635

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Pestka S (1983) The human interferons - from protein purification and sequence to cloning and expression in bacteria: before, between and beyond. Arch Biochem Biophys, Vol 221, No 1, 1–37

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Pohl A, Moser K, Mieksche M (1981) Humaninterferone - Eigenschaften und Möglichkeiten. Wiener Klin Wochenschr No 14, 439–457

    Google Scholar 

  57. Pollard RB, Merigan ThC (1978) Experience with clinical applications of interferon and interferon inducers. Pharmac Ther A, Vol 2, 783–811

    Google Scholar 

  58. Pollard RB (1982) Interferons and interferon inducers: development of clinical usefulness and therapeutic promise. Drugs 23, 37–55

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Priestman TJ (1980) Initial evaluation of human lymphoblastoid interferon in patients with advanced malignant disease. Lancet, July 19, 113–118

    Google Scholar 

  60. Priestman TJ (1983) Interferons and cancer therapy. J Pathology, Vol 141, 287–295

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Robb RJ (1984) Interleukin 2: the molecule and its function. Immunology Today, Vol 5, No 7, 203–209

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Rosenberg StA, Grimm EA, McGrogan M, Doyle M et al. (1984) Biological activity of recombinant human interleukin-2 produced in Escherichia coli. Science, Vol 223, 1412–1415

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Ruscetti FW (1984) Biology of interleukin-2. Surv Immunol Res (Switzerland), 3/2–3, 122–126

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Scott GM, Tyrrell DAJ (1980) Interferon: therapeutic fact or fiction for the ’80s? Brit Med Journ, 1558–1562

    Google Scholar 

  65. Scott GM, Phillpotts RJ, Wallace J, Secher DS, Cantell K, Tyrrell DAJ (1982) Purified interferon as protection against rhinovirus infection. Brit Med Journ, Vol 284, 1822–1825

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Scullard GH, Pollard RB, Smith JL, Sacks SL, Gregory PB, Robinson WS, Merigan TC (1981) Antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. I. Changes in viral markers with interferon combined with adenine arabinoside. Journ Infect Dis, Vol 143, No 6, 772–783

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Simon MR, Salberg DJ, Silva J, Ganji S, Desai S, Muller BF, Palutke M (1981) Atypical mycobacterium infection treated with dialyzable leukocyte extracts: evidence for antigenic specificity. Clin Immunol Immunopath 20, 123–128

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Shah I, Band J, Rudnick S, Lerner AM (1982) Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of intravenous recombinant alpha2 interferon (α 2 IFN) in patients with lympho-proliferative malignancies. Clin Res, Vol 30, No 4, 732 A

    Google Scholar 

  69. Shalaby MR, Weck PhK (1983) Bacteria-derived human leukocyte interferons alter in vitro humoral and cellular immune responses. Cellular Immunology 82, 269–281

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Smith KA (1984) Interleukin 2. Ann Rev Immunol 2, 319–333

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Smith R, Esa A (1982) In vitro effect of murine-derived transfer factor on Salmonella-specific rosette formation. Infection and Immunity 38, 588–591

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Solbach W, Rollinghoff M, Wagner H (1983) Die Rolle von Interleukin-2 bei Aktivierung von zytotoxischen T-Lymphozyten. Klin Wochenschr 61/2, 67–75

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Steele RW, Myers MG, Vincent MM (1980) Transfer factor for the prevention of varicella-zoster infection in childhood leukemia. New Engl J Med, Vol 303, No 7, 355–359

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Stiehm ER et al. (1982) Interferon: immunobiology and clinical significance. Annals of Internal Medicine 96, 80–93

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Tamm I, Sehgal PB (1979) Interferons. Amer J Medic, Vol 66, 3–5

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Taniguchi T, Matsui H, Fujita T, Takaoka Ch, Kashima N, Yoshimoto R, Hamuro J (1983) Structure and expression of a cloned cDNA for human interleukin-2. Nature, Vol 302, 305–310

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Toy JL (1983) The interferons. Clin Exp Immunol 54, 1–13

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Ts’o POP, Alderfer JL, Levy J, Marshall LW, O’Malley J, Horoszewicz JS, Carter WA (1976) An integrated and comparative study of the antiviral effects and other biological properties of the polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid and its mismatched analogues. Molecular Pharmacology 12, 299–312

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Tzehoval E, Segal S, Stabinsky Y, Fridkin M, Spirer Z, Feldman M (1980) Immunostimulation by an Ig derived tetrapeptide, tuftsin. In: Chedid L, Miescher PA, Mueller-Eberhard HJ (eds) Immunostimulation, p 147–156

    Google Scholar 

  80. Wagner H, Hardt C, Heeg K et al. (1982) The in vivo effects of interleukin 2 (TCGF). Immunobiology 161/1–2, 139–156

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Wara DW, Goldstein AL, Doyle N et al. (1975) Thymosin activity in patients with cellular immunodeficiency. New Engl J Med 292, 70–74

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Weite K, Ciobanu N, Moore MAS, Gulati S, O’Reilly RJ, Mertelsmann R (1984) Defective interleukin 2 production in patients after bone marrow transplantation and in vitro restoration of defective T lymphocyte proliferation by highly purified interleukin 2. Blood, Vol 64, No 2, 380–385

    Google Scholar 

  83. WHO Expert Committee on biological standardization (1983) Standardization of interferons. World Health Organization. Technical Report Series, No 687, 35–60

    Google Scholar 

  84. Wilson GB, Metcalf JF, Fudenberg HH (1982) Treatment of mycobacterium fortuitum pulmonary infection with “transfer factor” (TF): new methodology for evaluating TF potency and predicting clinical response. Clin Immunol Immunopath 23, 478–491

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Chedid LA, Parant MA, Audibert FM, Riveau GJ, Parant FJ, Lederer E, Choay JP, Lefrancier PL (1982) Biological activity of a new synthetic muramyl peptide adjuvant devoid of pyrogenicity. Infection and Immunity, Vol 35, No 2, 417–424

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Cohn ZA (1978) The activation of mononuclear phagocytes: fact, fancy, and future. The Journal of Immunology, Vol 121, No 3, 813–816

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Cryz SJ, Fürer E, Germanier R (1984) Protection against fatal pseudomonas aeruginosa burn wound sepsis by immunization with lipopolysaccharide and high-molecular-weight polysaccharide. Infect Immunity, Vol 43, No 3, 795–799

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Cummings NP, Pabst MJ, Johnston RB (1980) Activation of macrophages for enhanced release of superoxide anion and greater killing of candida albicans by injection of muramyl dipeptide. J Exp Med, Vol 152, 1659–1669

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Currie GA (1978) Activated macrophages kill tumour cells by releasing arginase. Nature, Vol 273, 758–759

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Damais C, Riveau G, Parant M, Gerota J, Chedid L (1982) Production of lymphocyte activating factor in the absence of endogenous pyrogen by rabbit or human leukocytes stimulated by a muramyl dipeptide derivate. Int J Immunopharmac, Vol 4, No 5, 451–462

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Di Luzio NR, Williams DL, Mc Namee RB, Edwards BF, Kitahama A (1979) Comparative tumor-inhibitory and anti-bacterial activity of soluble and particulate glucan. Int J Cancer 24, 773–779

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Ferguson ThA, Krieger NJ, Pesce A, Michael JG (1983) Enhancement of antigen-specific suppression by muramyl dipeptide. Infection and Immunity, Vol 39, No 2, 800–806

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Fraser-Smith EB, Eppstein DA, Larsen MA, Matthews ThR (1983) Protective effect of a muramyl dipeptide analog encapsulated in or mixed with liposomes against candida albicans infection. Infection and Immunity, Vol 39, No 1, 172–178

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Fraser-Smith E, Matthews ThR (1981) Protective effect of muramyl dipeptide analogs against infections of pseudomonas aeruginosa or candida albicans in mice. Infection and Immunity, Vol 34, No 3, 676–683

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Fraser-Smith E, Waters RV, Matthews ThR (1982) Correlation between in vivo anti-pseudo- monas and anti-candida activities and clearance of carbon by the reticuloendothelial system for various muramyl dipeptide analogs, using normal and immuno-suppressed mice. Infection and Immunity, Vol 35, No 1, 105–110

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Galelli A, le Garrec Y, Chedid L, Lefrancier P, Derrien M, Level M (1980) Macrophage stimulation in vitro by an inactive muramyl dipeptide derivative after conjugation to a multi-poly (DL-alanyl)-poly (L-lysine) carrier. Infection and Immunity, Vol 28, No 1, 1–5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Gemsa D, Seitz M, Deimann W et al. (1981) Mediatoren aus Makrophagen. Allergologie 4/6, 308–313

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Hibbs JB Jr, Remington JS, Stewart CC (1980) Modulation of immunity and host resistance by microorganisms. Pharmacol Ther 8, 37–69

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Karnovsky ML, Lazdins JK (1978) Biochemical criteria for activated macrophages. The Journal of Immunology, Vol 121, No 3, 809–812

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Kokoshis PL, Williams DL, Cook JA, Di Luzio NR (1978) Increased resistance to staphylococcus aureus infection and enhancement in serum lysozyme activity by glucan. Science, Vol 199, 1340–1342

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Lamm DL, Harris StC, Gittes RF (1977) Bacillus Calmette-Guérin and dinitrochlorobenzene immuno-therapy of chemically induced bladder tumors. Investigative Urology, Vol 14, No 5, 369–372

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Lederer E (1980) Synthetic immunostimulants derived from the bacterial cell wall. J Med Chem 23, 819–825

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Mackaness GB (1971) Resistance to intracellular infection. J Infect Dis 123, 439–445

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Mackaness GB (1964) The immunologic basis of acquired cellular resistance. J Exp Med 120, 105–120

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Martinez-Piñeiro JA, Muntañola P (1977) Nonspecific immunotherapy with BCG vaccine in bladder tumors. Europ Urol 3, 11–22

    Google Scholar 

  106. Matsumoto K, Ogawa H, Nagase O, Kusama T, Azuma I (1981) Stimulation of nonspecific host resistance to infection induced by muramyldipeptides. Microbiol Immunol, Vol 25 (10), 1047–1058

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Mattsson L, Blomgren H, Holmgren B, Jarstrand C (1983) Bestatin treatment for the correction of granulocyte dysfunction in patients with recurrent furunculosis. Infection 11, 205–207

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Mayer P, Hamberger H, Drews J (1980) Differential effect of ubiquinone Q7 and ubiquinone analogs on macrophage activation and experimental infections in granulocytopenic mice. Infection, Vol 8, No 6, 256–261

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Mayer P, Drews J (1980) The effects of protein-bound polysaccharide from Coriolus versicolor on immunological parameters and experimental infections in mice. Infection 8, 13–21

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. McKneally MF, Maver CM, Alley RD, Kausel HW, Older TM, Foster ED, Lininger L (1979) Regional immunotherapy of lung cancer using intrapleural BCG: summary of a four-year randomized study. In: Muggia F, Rosenzweig M (eds) Lung cancer. Raven Press New York

    Google Scholar 

  111. Nathan C, Nogueira N, Juangbhanich Ch, Ellis J, Cohn Z (1979) Activation of macrophages in vivo and in vitro. Correlation between hydrogen peroxide release and killing of trypanosoma cruzi. J Exp Med, Vol 149, 1056–1068

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Nathan CF, Silverstein SC, Brukner LH, Cohn ZA (1979) Extracellular cytolysis by activated macrophages and granulocytes. J Exp Med, The Rockefeller University Press, Vol 149, 100–113

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. North RJ (1978) The concept of the activated macrophage. J Immunol Vol 121, No 3, 806–808

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Nyka W (1956) Enhancement of resistance to tuberculosis in mice experimentally infected with Brucella abortus. Am Rev Tuberc 73, 251

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Ogmundsdottir HM, Weir DM (1980) Mechanisms of macrophage activation. Clin Exp Immunol 40/2, 223–234

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Osada Y, Ohtani T, Une T, Ogawa H, Nomoto K (1982) Enhancement of non-specific resistance to pseudomonas pneumoniae by a synthetic derivative of muramyl dipeptide in immuno-suppressed guinea pigs. J gener Microbiology 128, 2361–2370

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Pinsky CM, Hirshaut Y, Wanebo HJ, Fortner JG, Miké V, Schottenfeld D, Oettgen HF (1976) Randomized trial of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (percutaneous administration) as surgical adjuvant immunotherapy for patients with stage-II melanoma. Ann New York Acad Sci, Vol 277, 187–194

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Pullinger EJ (1936) The influence of tuberculosis on the development of Brucella abortus infection. J Hyg Comb 456

    Google Scholar 

  119. Ruch W, Cooper PhH, Baggiolini M (1983) Assay of H2O2 production by macrophages and neutrophils with homovanillic acid and horseradish peroxidase. J Immunol Methods 63, 347–357

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Ruco LP, Meltzer MS (1978) Macrophage activation for tumor cytotoxicity: tumoricidal activity by macrophages from C3H/HeJ mice requires at least two activation stimuli. Cell Immunol 41, 35–51

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Sone S, Tsubura E (1982) Human alveolar macrophages: potentiation of their tumoricidal activity by liposome-encapsulated muramyl dipeptide. J Immunol, Vol 129, No 3, 1313–1317

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Suter E (1956) Interaction between phagocytes and pathogenic microorganisms. Bacteriol Rev 20, 94–132

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Umezawa H, Aoyagi T, Suda H, Hamada M, Takeuchi T (1976) Bestatin, an inhibitor of ami- nopeptidase B produced by actinomycetes. J Antibiot 29, 97–99

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Weir DM, Blackwell CC (1983) Interaction of bacteria with the immune system. J Clin Lab Immunol 10, 1–12

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Werb Z, Chin JR (1983) Apoprotein E is synthesized and secreted by resident and thioglycol- late-elicited macrophages but not by pyran copolymer - or bacillus Calmette-Guérin - activated macrophages. J Exp Med, Vol 138, 1272–1293

    Google Scholar 

  126. Williams DL, Di Luzio NR (1980) Glucan-induced modification of murine viral hepatitis. Science, Vol 208, 67–69

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Wing EJ, Gardner ID, Ryning FW, Remington JS (1977) Dissociation of effector functions in populations of activated macrophages. Nature, Vol 268, 642–644

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Zídek Z, Čapková J, Boubelik M, Mašek K (1983) Opposite effects of the synthetic immuno- dulator, muramyl dipeptide, on rejection of mouse skin allografts. Eur J Immunol 13, 859–861

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. Abeles JH (1982) Inosiplex in recurrent herpes simplex infection. Lancet, 926

    Google Scholar 

  130. Avella J, Binder HJ, Madsen JE, Askenase PhW (1978) Effect of histamine H2-receptor antagonists on delayed hypersensitivity. Lancet, 624–626

    Google Scholar 

  131. Ballet JJ, Morin A, Schmitt Ch, Agrapart M (1982) Effect of isoprinosine on in vitro proliferative responses of human lymphocytes stimulated by antigen. Int J Immunopharmac, Vol 4, No 3, 151–157

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Bennett J, Zloty P, McKneally M (1982) Cimetidine blocks the development of tumor-induced suppressor T-cell activity. J Int Immunopharmacol 4, 280

    Google Scholar 

  133. Berkman N, Legoix H, Moubri M, de Saxe E (1979) Action favorable de l’isoprinosine au cours des affections oculaires virales et inflammatoires. La Nouvelle Presse Médicale, Vol 8, No 46, 3829–3830

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Bicker U, Ziegler AE, Hebold G (1979) Investigations in mice on the potentiation of resistance to infections by a new immunostimulant compound. J infect Dis 139, 389–395

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Buge A, Rancurel G, Metzger J, Picard A, Lesourd B, Gardeur D (1979) Isoprinosine in treatment of acute viral encephalitis. Lancet, 691

    Google Scholar 

  136. Chalmers ThC, Smith H Jr (1982) Inosiplex for SSPE. Lancet, 1475

    Google Scholar 

  137. Charieras J-L, Plassart H (1982) Etude en double-insu de 59 cas de rougeole sévère traités par isoprinosine. Médecine tropicale, Vol 42, No 3, 316–318

    Google Scholar 

  138. De Simone C, Meli D, Sbricoli M, Rebuzzi E, Koverech A (1982) In vitro effect of inosiplex on T lymphocytes. J Immunopharmacol 4, 139–152

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  139. Du Rant RH, Dyken PR, Swift AV (1982) The influence of inosiplex treatment on the neurological disability of patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Journ Pediatrics, Vol 101, No 2, 288–293

    Google Scholar 

  140. Dyken PR, Swift A, Du Rant RH (1981) Long-term follow-up of patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis treated with inosiplex. Annals of Neurology, Vol 11, No 4, 359–364

    Google Scholar 

  141. Executive Committee of the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group (1980) Increased breast cancer recurrence after adjuvant therapy with levamisole. Lancet II: 824–827

    Google Scholar 

  142. Feldmann JL, Mery C, Amor B, Kahan A, de Gery A, Delbarre F (1981) Effectiveness of levamisole in rheumatoid arthritis: immune changes and long-term results. Scand J Rheumatol 10, 1–8

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Fischer GW, Podgore JK, Bass JW, Kelley JL, Kobayashi GY (1975) Enhanced host defense mechanisms with levamisole in suckling rats. J Infect Dis 132, 578–581

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Galli M, Lazzarin A, Moroni M, Zanussi C (1982) Inosiplex in recurrent herpes simplex infections. Lancet, 331–332

    Google Scholar 

  145. Gifford RRM, Ferguson RM, Voss BV (1981) Cimetidine reduction of tumour formation in mice. Lancet, 638–639

    Google Scholar 

  146. Girot R, Hamet M, Perignon JL, Guesnu M, Fox RM, Cartier P, Durandy A, Griscelli C (1983) Cellular immune deficiency in two siblings with hereditary orotic aciduria. N Engl J Med 308, 700–704

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Goetz O (1981) Die Behandlung der subakuten sklerosierenden Panencephalitis mit Isoprinosin. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 129, 655–657

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Goodman MG (1984) Inductive and differentiative signals delivered by C8-substituted guanine ribonucleosides. Immunology Today, Vol 5, No 11, 319–324

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Hersey P, Bindon C, Bradley M, Hasic E (1984) Effect of isoprinosine on interleukin 1 and 2 production and on suppressor cell activity in pokeweed mitogen stimulated cultures of B and T cells. Int J Immunopharmac, Vol 6, No 4, 321–328

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Hirschhorn R (1983) Metabolic defects and immunodeficiency disorders. N Engl J Med 308, 714–716

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Huttenlocher PR, Mattson RH (1979) Isoprinosine in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Neurology 29, 763–771

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Jones CE, Dyken PR, Huttenlocher PR, Jabbour JT, Maxwell KW (1982) Inosiplex therapy in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Lancet, 1034–1037

    Google Scholar 

  153. Jorizzo JL, Sams WM, Jegasothy BV, Olansky AJ (1980) Cimetidine as an immunomodulator: chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis as a model. Annals of Intern Med 92, Part 1, 192–195

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Khakoo RA, Watson GW, Waldman RH, Ganguly R (1981) Effect of inosiplex (Isoprinosine(r)) on induced human influenza A infection. J Antimicrob Chemother 7, 389–397

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Merluzzi VJ, Badger AM, Kaiser CW, Cooperband SR (1975) In vitro stimulation of murine lymphoid cell cultures by levamisole. Clin Exp Immun 32, 486–492

    Google Scholar 

  156. Merluzzi VJ, Kaiser CW, Moolten FL, Cooperband SR, Levinsky NG (1975) Stimulation of mouse spleen cells in vitro by levamisole. Fed Proc 34, 1004

    Google Scholar 

  157. Nakamura T, Miyasaka N, Pope RM, Talal N, Russel IJ (1983) Immunomodulation by isoprinosine: effects on in vitro immune functions of lymphocytes from humans with autoimmune diseases. Clin exp Immun 52, 67–74

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Osband ME, Shen YJ, Shlesinger M, Brown A, Hamilton D, Cohen E, Lavin Ph, McCaffrey R (1981) Successful tumour immunotherapy with cimetidine in mice. Lancet: 636–638

    Google Scholar 

  159. Pasino M, Bellone M, Cornaglia P, Tonini GP, Massimo L (1982) Methisoprinol effect on enriched B and T lymphocyte populations stimulated with phytohemagglutinin. J Immunophar- macol 4, 101–108

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Presser StE, Blank H (1981) Cimetidine: adjunct in treatment of tinea capitis. Lancet, 108–109

    Google Scholar 

  161. Renoux G (1978) Modulation of immunity by levamisole. Pharmacol Ther A2, 397–423

    Google Scholar 

  162. Renoux G, Renoux M (1972) Antigenic competition and non specific immunity after a ricksett- sial infection in mice: restoration of antibacterial immunity by phenyl-imidothiazole treatment. J Immun 109, 761–765

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Renoux G, Renoux M (1971) Effet immunostimulant d’un imidothiazole dans l’immunisation des souris contre l’infection par Brucella abortus. CR Acad Sci 272 D, 349–350

    Google Scholar 

  164. Renoux G, Renoux M (1979) Immunopotentiation and anabolism induced by sodium diethyl- dithiocarbamate. J Immunopharmacol 1 (2), 247–267

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Renoux G, Renoux M (1972) Restauration par le phénylimidothiazole de la réponse immuno- logique des souris âgées. CR Acad Sci 274D, 3034–3035

    Google Scholar 

  166. Renoux G, Renoux M, Teller MN, McMahon S, Guillaume JM (1976) Potentiation of T-cell mediated immunity by levamisole. Clin Exp Immun 25, 288–296

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Renoux G, Touraine J-L, Renoux M (1980)Tnduction of differentiation of human null cells into T lymphocytes under the influence of serum of mice treated with sodium diethyldithiocar- bamate. J Immunopharmacol 2 (1), 49–59

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Rey A, Cupissol D, Thierry C, Esteve C, Serrou B (1983) Modulation of human lymphocyte functions by isoprinosine. Int J Immunopharmac, Vol 5, No 1, 99–103

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Sher R, Wadee AA, Joffe M, Kok SH, Imkamp FMJH, Simson IW (1981) The in vivo and in vitro effects of levamisole in patients with lepromatous leprosy. Intern J Leprosy, Vol 49, No 2, 159–166

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Singh MM, Kumar P, Malaviya AN, Kumar R (1981) Levamisole as an adjunct in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 123/3, 277–279

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Symoens J, Decree WF, Van Bever M, Janssen PAJ (1979) Levamisole. In: Goldberg M (ed) Pharmacological and biochemical properties of drug substances. Vol 2, American Pharmaceutical Association, Washington, DC, 407–464

    Google Scholar 

  172. Symoens J, Rosenthal M, De Brabander M, Goldstein A (1980) Immunoregulation with levamisole. In: Chedid L et al. (eds) Immunostimulation. Springer Verlag Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  173. Thienpont D, Vanparus OFJ, Raeymaekers AHM, Vandenberk J, Demoen PJA, Allewun FTN, Marsboom RPH, Niemegeers CJE, Sehellekens KHL, Janssen PAJ (1966) Tetramisole (R8299), a new potent broad spectrum anthelminthic. Nature 209, 1084–1086

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Touraine J-L, Hadden JW, Touraine F (1980) Isoprinosine-induced T-cell differentiation and T-cell suppressor activity in humans. Current chemotherapy of infect Dis 1,1735–1736

    Google Scholar 

  175. van der Spray S, Levy DW, Levin W (1980) Cimetidine in the treatment of herpesvirus infections. S Afr Med J 58/3, 112–116

    Google Scholar 

  176. van Eygen M, Znamensky PY, Heck E, Raymaekers I (1976) Levamisole in prevention of recurrent upper-respiratory-tract infections in children. Lancet II, 382–385

    Google Scholar 

  177. Veys EM, Mielants H, Symoens J, Vetter G, Huskisson EC, Scott J, Felix-Davies DD, Wilkinson B, Rosenthal M, Vischer TL, Gerster JC (1978) Multicentre study group report: a multicentre randomized double-blind study comparing two dosages of levamisole in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol Suppl 4, 5–10

    Google Scholar 

  178. Veys EM, Mielants H, Verbruggen G, Dhondt E, Goetnais L, Cherouthre L, Buelens H (1981) Levamisole as basic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: long-term evaluation. J Rheumatol 8, 44–56

    Google Scholar 

  179. Veys EM, Symoens J (1981) Immunopharmacologic therapy of connective tissue diseases. In: Hadden J, Chedid L, Mullen P, Spreafico F (eds) Advances in immuno-pharmacology. Vol 1, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 140–147

    Google Scholar 

  180. Wolinsky JS, Dan PC, Buimovici-Klein E, Mednick J, Berg BO, Lang PB, Cooper LZ (1979) Progressive rubella panencephalitis: immunovirological studies and results of isoprinosine therapy. Clin exp Immunol 35, 397–404

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Woods WA, Fliegelmann MJ, Chirigos MA (1975) Effect of levamisole (NSC-177023) on DNA synthesis by lymphocytes from immunosuppressed C57 BL mice. Cancer Chemother Rep 59, 531–536

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. F. Hoffmann-La Roche u. Co. AG, Pharmazeutische Forschung, Grenzacherstr. 124, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland

    Professor Dr. med. Jürgen Drews

Authors
  1. Professor Dr. med. Jürgen Drews
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1986 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Drews, J. (1986). Immunstimulation. In: Immunpharmakologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70502-1_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70502-1_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-15456-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-70502-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation