Abstract
Individuals with upper motor neuron lesions often have lower motor neurons which innervate excitable but atrophic skeletal muscles. This atrophy can be reversed over a period of several months by electrically induced exercise of these paralyzed muscles (9). Following reversal of the atrophy, a neural prosthetic technique known as functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) can be applied to restore functional movement. This paper will focus on the state-of-the-art of restoring useful function to paralyzed upper extremities in quadriplegic individuals. Many of the same principles apply to restoration of standing and walking in paraplegia. The research reported is principally carried out by investigators at Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) in Cleveland, Ohio, and the University of Utah Research Institute (UURI) in Salt Lake City, Utah, as part of the Neural Prosthesis Program of the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke (NINCDS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
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© 1985 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Hambrecht, F.T. (1985). Control of Neural Prostheses. In: Struppler, A., Weindl, A. (eds) Electromyography and Evoked Potentials. Advances in Applied Neurological Sciences, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70122-1_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70122-1_12
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