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Inorganic Lead

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Health Risks to Female Workers in Occupational Exposure to Chemical Agents

Abstract

In the early twentieth century adverse effects of lead (Pb) on reproduction in, and offspring of, female lead workers were repeatedly reported. Cantarow and Trumper (1944) reviewed the evidence: disturbed menstruation, infertility, abortion, stillbirth, premature delivery, poor postnatal development, and increased infant mortality. The historical data, however, do not allow the establishment of reliable exposure (dose)-effect/response relationships; heavy workloads, poor hygiene, malnutrition, and poverty certainly also played a role. Moreover, no data on lead levels in blood (PbB) or on present-day effect parameters are available.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Coronel Laboratorium, Faculteit der Geneeskunde, Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1e Constantijn Huygensstraat 20, Postbus 60000, NL-1054, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Reinier L. Zielhuis, Anne Stijkel, Maarten M. Verberk & Maartje van de Poel-Bot

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  1. Reinier L. Zielhuis
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  2. Anne Stijkel
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  3. Maarten M. Verberk
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  4. Maartje van de Poel-Bot
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© 1984 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Zielhuis, R.L., Stijkel, A., Verberk, M.M., van de Poel-Bot, M. (1984). Inorganic Lead. In: Health Risks to Female Workers in Occupational Exposure to Chemical Agents. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health Supplement. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69850-7_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69850-7_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-13579-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-69850-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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