Energy and Matter Flow Through Consumers in the Niepolomice Forest Ecosystem

Abstract

All the transfers presented in this chapter concern only selected groups of horneo- and Poikilothermic animals, phytophagous as well as higher order consumers. Poikilotherms are represented by phyto- and cambiophagous insects. Homeotherms include “small birds”, raptors, rodents, ungulates, and carnivores. Herbivore consumers are thus represented by insects, rodents, and ungulates, while higher order consumers include carnivorous mammals, raptorial and insectivorous birds.