Abstract
The rates at which fluid and solutes are removed from blood during hemofiltration depend on device dimensions and operating conditions. The purpose of this chapter is to describe these factors qualitatively and quantitatively in order to give the reader both an understanding of the physical phenomena involved and a grounding in the mathematical models available to quantify such phenomena.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Shaldon S, Beau MC, Deschodt G, Ramperez P, Mion C (1980) Vascular stability during hemofiltration. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 26: 391–393
Gotch FA (1983) Sodium-volume modelling of hemodialysis and hemofiltration therapy. Proc Clin Dial Transplant Forum 10 (6): 27
Shaldon S, Deschodt G, Branger B, Oules R, Granolleras C, Baldamus CA, Koch KM, Lysaght M J, Dinarello CA (1985) Hemodialysis hypotension: the interleukin hypothesis restated. Proc Eur Dial Transplant Assoc 22: 229–243
Lysaght MJ, Ford CA, Colton CK, Stone RA, Henderson LW (1978) Mass Transfer in clinical blood ultrafiltration devices. In: Frost TH (ed) Technical aspects of renal dialysis. Pitman Medical, Kent, pp 81–95
Lysaght MJ, Schmidt B, Gurland HJ (1983) Filtration rates and pressure driving force in AV hemofiltration. Blood Purif 1: 178–183
Brenner BM, Rector FC Jr (1976) The kidney. Saunders, Philadelphia
Feldhof P, Turnham T, Klein E (1984) Effect of plasma proteins on the sieving spectra of hemofllters. Artif Organs 8 (2): 186–192
Matthiasson E (1983) The role of macromolecular adsorption in fouling of ultrafiltration membranes. J Membr Sci 16: 23–26
Reihanian H, Robertson CR, Michaels AS (1983) Mechanisms of polarization and fouling of ultrafiltration membranes by proteins. J Membr Sci 16: 237–258
Zeman LJ (1983) Adsorption effects in rejection of macromolecules by ultrafiltration mem-branes. J Membr Sci 15: 213–230
Horbett TA (1982) Protein adsorption on biomaterials. Adv Chem Ser 199: 233–244
Dorson WJ Jr, Pizziconi VB, Allen JM (1971) Transfer of chemical species through a protein gel. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 17: 287–292
Colton CK, Friedman S, Wilson DE, Lees RE (1972) Ultrafiltration of lipoproteins through a synthetic membrane. J Lab Clin Med 51: 2472–2481
Streicher E (1982) Transport properties in filtration and dialysis membranes. Contrib Nephrol 32: 31–39
Nakao S-I, Yumoto S, Kimura S (1982) Analysis of rejection characteristics of macromolecular gel layer for low molecular weight solutes in ultrafiltration. Jpn J Chem Eng 15 (6): 463–468
Henderson LW, Leypoldt JK, Frigon RP, Uyeji SN, Alford M (1984) Slow flow hemofiltration improves solute transport. Blood Purif 2: 9
Haas T, Dongradi G, Villeboeuf F, de Viel E, Fournier JF, Duruy D (1983) Plasma kinetics of small molecules during and after hemofiltration: decrease in hemofiltration efficiency related to increase in ultrafiltration rate. Clin Nephrol 19 (4): 193–200
Henderson LW, Colton CK, Ford CA (1975) Kinetics of hemodiafiltration. II Clinical characterization of a new blood modality. J Lab Clin Med 85 (3): 372–391
Guyton AC (1978) Textbook of medical physiology. Saunders, Philadelphia
Lauer A, Saccaggi A, Ronco C, Belledonne M, Glabman S, Bosch JP (1983) Continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration in the critically ill patient: clinical use and operational characteristics. Ann Intern Med 99 (4): 455–460
Colton CK, Henderson LW, Ford CA, Lysaght MJ (1975) Kinetics of hemodiafiltration. I In vitro transport characteristics of a hollow-fiber blood ultrafilter. J Lab Clin Med 85 (3): 355–371
Blatt WF, Dravid A, Michaels AS, Nelson L (1970) Solute polarization and cake formation in membrane ultrafiltration: causes consequences and control techniques. In: Flinn JE (ed) Membrane science and technology. Plenum, New York, pp 47–97
Probstein RF, Leung W-F, Alliance Y (1979) Determination of diffusivity and gel concentration in macromolecular solutions by ultrafiltration. J Phys Chem 83 (9): 1228–1232
Kozinski AA, Lightfoot EN (1972) Protein ultrafiltration: a general example of boundary layer filtration. AI Ch E Journal 18 (5): 1030–1040
Vilker VL, Colton CK, Smith KA, Green DL (1984) The osmotic pressure of concentrated protein and lipoprotein solutions and its significance to ultrafiltration. J Membr Sci 20: 63–77
Wijmans JG, Nakao S, Smolders CA (1984) Flux limitation in ultrafiltration: osmotic pressure model and gel layer model. J Membr Sci 20: 115–124
Leveque MA (1928) Les lois de la transmission de chaleur par convection. Ann Mines 13: 201
Okazaki M, Yoshida F (1976) Ultrafiltration of blood: effect of hematocrit on ultrafiltration rate. Ann Biomed Eng 4: 138–150
Kochinke F, Baeyer HV, Kiener St, Schnabel R, Marx M, Mohnhaupt R, Kessel M (1982) Formation of a hybrid membrane in porous glass capillaries during hemofiltration ( HF ). Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 28: 488–493
Porter MC (1972) Concentration polarization with membrane ultrafiltration. Ind Eng Chem Prod Res Devel 11 (3): 234–248
Shen JJS, Probstein RF (1977) On the prediction of limiting flux in laminar ultrafiltration of macromolecular solutions. Ind Eng Chem Fundam 16 (4): 459–465
Jaffrin MY, Butruille Y, Granger A, Vantard G (1978) Factors governing hemofiltration ( HF) in a parallel plate exchanger with highly permeable membranes. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 24: 448–453
Isaacson K, Duenas P, Ford C, Lysaght M (1980) Determination of graetz solution constants in the in vitro hemofiltration of albumin, plasma and blood. In: Cooper AR (ed) Ultrafiltration membranes and applications. Plenum, New York, pp 507–521
Keller KH, Canales ER, Yum SI (1971) Tracer and mutual diffusion coefficients of proteins. J Phys Chem 75 (3): 379–387
Schumaker VN (1973) Hydrodynamic analysis of human low density lipoproteins. Accts Chem Res 6 (12): 398–403
Zydney AL, Colton CK (1982) Cross-flow membrane plasmapheresis: theoretical models for flux and hemolysis prediction. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 28: 404–412
Eckstein EC, Bailey DG, Shapiro AH (1977) Self-diffusion of particles in shear flow of a suspension. J Fluid Mech 79: 191–208
Bixler HJ, Nelson LM, Besarab A (1968) The diaphron hemodiafilter: an alternative to dialysis for extracorporeal blood purification. Chem Eng Prog Symp Series 84 (64): 90–103
Zydney AL (1985) Cross-flow membrane plasmapheresis: an analysis of flux and hemolysis. Ph D Thesis, MIT, Cambridge, Mass
Lysaght MJ, von Albertini B, Bosch JP, Ford CA, Geronomus R (1978) Relationship between surface area and ultrafiltration rate in capillary hemofilters. Proc Eur Soc Artif Organs 5: 178–182
Lysaght MJ, Ford CA, Isaacson KA (1981) Selection of optimal capillary internal diameter in blood ultrafilters. Proc Eur Soc Artif Organs 8: 130–134
Nakao S-I, Nomura T, Kimura S (1979) Characteristics of macromolecular gel layer formed on ultrafiltration tubular membrane. AI Ch E Journal 25 (4): 615–622
Vilker VL, Colton CK, Smith KA (1981) Concentration polarization in protein ultrafiltration. Part II: theoretical and experimental study of albumin ultrafiltered in an unstirred cell. AI Ch E Journal 27 (4): 637–645
Iorio G, Drioli E, Memoli B, Andreucci V, Salvatore M, Alfano B (1984) Ultrafiltration processes in blood treatment. J Membr Sci 18: 297–311
Spiegler KS, Kedem O (1966) Thermodynamics of hyperfiltration (reverse osmosis): criteria for efficient membranes. Desalination 1: 311–326
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ofsthun, N.J., Colton, C.K., Lysaght, M.J. (1986). Determinants of Fluid and Solute Removal Rates During Hemofiltration. In: Henderson, L.W., Quellhorst, E.A., Baldamus, C.A., Lysaght, M.J. (eds) Hemofiltration. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69665-7_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69665-7_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-69667-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-69665-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive