Zusammenfassung
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Länge, Weite 10,14,15: Jejunum und Ileum messen zusammen 5–7 m ; eine exakte Längenmessung ist nur am Leichendarm moglieh und ergibt wegen des Tonusverlustes höhere Werte (bis 11 m)10. Beim Lebenden erreicht eine über die Mundhöhle eingeführte ca. 3 m lange Sonde gewöhnlich das Zökum oder sogar tiefergelegene Darmabschnitte15. Üblicherweise werden die proximalen 2/5 des Dünndarmes als Jejunum, die distalen 3/5 als Ileum bezeichnet, ohne daß eine scharfe Grenze besteht10,14,15. Lichtungsweite, Wanddicke und Kerckring-Falten (Plicae circulares) nehmen von proximal nach distal progredient ab. Wegen der engeren Lichtung ist das Ileum durch lichtungseinengende Prozesse stärker gefährdet als das Jejunum15.
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Mesenferium: Jejunum und Ileum sind am Mesenterium (Gekröse) aufgehängt, dessen Wurzel (Radix mesenterii) von links oben (Flexura duodeno-jejunalis) nach rechts unten (rechte Fossa iliaca) an der hinteren Bauchwand fixiert ist. Sie überkreuzt die Grenze zwischen 3. und 4. Abschnitt des Duodenum, die V. cava inferior oder V. iliaca communis dextra und den rechten Ureter. Die Radix ist etwa 15–17 cm, der Mesenterialansatz am Dam dagegen 5–7 m, also etwa 40mal so lang10; daher ist das Mesenterium in „halskrausenähnliche“ Falten gelegt. Seine maximale Breite (oberes Ileum) beträgt etwa 25 cm14.
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© 1984 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Remmele, W. (1984). Jejunum und Ileum. In: Remmele, W. (eds) Pathologie: Ein Lehr- und Nachschlagebuch. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69454-7_5
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