Zusammenfassung
Die Leistungen der Epidemiologie reichen weit in die Geschichte der Medizin zurück. Ihr bevorzugtes Metier sind die Massenerkrankungen. Früher waren dies überwiegend Infektions-, heute sind es Zivilisationskrankheiten. Seit drei Jahrzehnten trägt die Epidemiologie entscheidend auch zum Verständnis des epidemischen Auftretens der koronaren Herzkrankheiten bei und zeigt darüber hinaus, zumindest ansatzweise, Wege zu ihrer Bekämpfung auf. Gemeinsam mit anderen Disziplinen entwickelte sie das Risikofaktorenkonzept. Dabei wurden — ausgehend von den Beobachtungen der Grundlagenforschung und Klinik — systematische Zusammenhänge zwischen Krankheit und krankmachenden Faktoren auf Bevölkerungsebene aufgedeckt oder bestätigt. Inzwischen bilden diese epidemiologischen Erkenntnisse Elemente der ärztlichen Tätigkeit in Klinik und Praxis. Weil dies so ist, verlangt die kritische Anwendung und wissenschaftliche Weiterentwicklung des Risikofaktorenkonzeptes ein vertieftes Verständnis für methodische Probleme der epidemiologischen Forschung. Hierauf wird deshalb ausführlicher eingegangen, als dies noch vor 10 Jahren in einem Handbuch der Inneren Medizin erwartet worden wäre. Die Darstellung des gegenwärtigen Wissensstandes über die Risikofaktoren koronarer Herzkrankheiten beschränkt sich auf das Wesentliche, weil es in der Epidemiologie in naher Zukunft vor allem um die Anwendung der schon gesicherten Erkenntnisse geht.
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Nüssel, E., Buchholz, L., Morgenstern, W. (1984). Epidemiologie der Risikofaktoren. In: Roskamm, H., et al. Koronarerkrankungen. Handbuch der inneren Medizin, vol 9 / 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69451-6_5
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